Prevalence, Treatment and Antibacterial Resistance of Urinary Tract Infections

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2025 | Viewed by 338

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Center for Diagnosis and Study of Parasitic Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
Interests: urinary tract infections; UTI; antibiotic; antibacterial; uropathogens

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Guest Editor
Center for Diagnosis and Study of Parasitic Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
Interests: parasitic diseases; zoonosis; toxoplasmosis; epidemiology; COVID-19
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most frequently occurring infectious diseases worldwide, affecting individuals of all age groups, genders, and geographical regions. The clinical presentation and effects of UTIs can differ (from mild discomfort to serious complications) but the burden on healthcare systems remains significant. Despite ongoing progress in understanding the pathogenesis of these infections and advances in antimicrobial therapies, our global knowledge about the proliferation and resistance patterns of UTI-causing pathogens remains limited. Additionally, antimicrobial resistance present a growing threat to effective UTI management.

This Special Issue "Prevalence, Treatment and Antibacterial Resistance of Urinary Tract Infections” aims to collate original research articles, reviews, and case studies to deepen our understanding of UTIs.

We invite contributions that focus on topics including, but not limited to, the following:

  • UTI prevalence in underrepresented regions or populations, especially where current data are scarce or outdated.
  • Patterns of antimicrobial resistance in different clinical settings, including hospitals, long-term care facilities, and community environments.
  • Resistance trends in specific pathogens, such as E. coli, Klebsiella spp., or multidrug-resistant organisms.
  • The clinical relevance of in vitro resistance findings and their correlation with in vivo treatment outcomes.
  • Alternative or non-conventional treatment approaches, including plant-based therapies, phage therapy, or emerging antimicrobial agents.
  • Infection management strategies in special populations, such as immunocompromised patients, the elderly, or individuals with recurrent UTIs.

We intend to provide a platform for sharing valuable insights, especially from regions that are currently underrepresented in the literature. Our goal is to contribute to a more complete global picture of UTIs and to support clinicians, microbiologists, and public health professionals in improving prevention and treatment strategies.

We look forward to receiving your contributions and advancing the understanding and management of UTIs around the world.

Dr. Alin Gabriel Mihu
Prof. Dr. Tudor Rares Olariu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antibiotics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • urinary tract infections
  • UTI
  • antibiotic
  • antibacterial
  • resistance
  • uropathogens
  • recurrent UTI
  • Enterobacteriaceae
  • Escherichia coli
 

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

21 pages, 594 KiB  
Article
Trends in Positive Urine Culture Rates and Antimicrobial Resistance in Non-Hospitalized Children from Western Romania: A Retrospective Observational Study
by Constantin Catalin Marc, Maria Daniela Mot, Monica Licker, Delia Muntean, Daniela Teodora Marti, Ana Alexandra Ardelean, Alina Ciceu, Sergiu Adrian Sprintar, Daniela Adriana Oatis, Alin Gabriel Mihu and Tudor Rares Olariu
Antibiotics 2025, 14(7), 723; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics14070723 - 18 Jul 2025
Viewed by 167
Abstract
Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common types of infections during childhood. Limited data are available on the prevalence of UTI in children from Romania, with most being available for hospitalized children. For this reason, we conducted a retrospective observational [...] Read more.
Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common types of infections during childhood. Limited data are available on the prevalence of UTI in children from Romania, with most being available for hospitalized children. For this reason, we conducted a retrospective observational study in consecutive non-hospitalized children to assess the number of positive UTI samples and the antibacterial resistance of causative pathogens. Methods: This study included 7222 consecutive urine cultures collected from children aged 1 to 18 years who are residents of Arad County, Western Romania. Urine samples were analyzed for leukocyturia and cultures for the presence of monomorphic bacteria. Results: The overall number of positive UTI samples was 10.44%. A higher number of positive UTI samples was observed in females when compared to males and in children aged 6–12 and 12 to 18 years when compared to those aged 1–5 years. The antibiotic susceptibility testing of E. coli isolates revealed high sensitivity to most tested antibacterials. Near-complete susceptibility was observed for fosfomycin (99.71%) and nitrofurantoin (96.01%), while high susceptibility rates were also observed for ciprofloxacin (85.43%) and amoxicillin–clavulanic acid (75.05%). In contrast, high resistance was found for ampicillin (62.28% resistant) and trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (36.53% resistant). Conclusions: Given the clinical risks associated with UTI in children, our findings underscore the urgent need for the continued monitoring of multidrug-resistant strains. Our study provides important epidemiological and resistance data to guide empirical treatment and strengthen pediatric antimicrobial resistance surveillance. Future studies should focus on different regions and regularly update resistance patterns to keep treatment and prevention strategies aligned with local conditions. Full article
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