Few non-traditional optimization techniques are applied to the dynamic economic dispatch (DED) of large-scale thermal power units (TPUs), e.g., 1000 TPUs, that consider the effects of valve-point loading with ramp-rate limitations. This is a complica...
Gas film thickness significantly influences the performance prediction of Gas Foil Thrust Bearings (GFTB). However, the Classical Model (CM) for GFTBs exhibits inaccuracies in describing gas film thickness. In this paper, we explore the differences i...
To cope with the net load variability in real time, sufficient ramp capability from controllable resources is required. To address the issue of insufficient ramp capacity in real time operations, flexible ramping products (FRPs) have been adopted by...
In current river management, we very often use environment-friendly hydraulic structures when it is required for river bed or river bank protection due to erosion of a river channel. Block ramps are one of many methods used to stabilize river beds. T...
The wind power ramp event includes large fluctuations in wind power within a short period of time. To maintain grid stability, defining, identifying, and predicting the wind power ramp event is inevitable. Therefore, a comprehensive assessment method...
Conventional Four-Ball extreme-pressure (EP) testing determines lubricant transitions through short tests at discrete force levels, combined with post-test wear scar evaluation. This study presents a continuous ramp load procedure in which the contac...
The use of non-slip surfaces during loading and unloading of finishing pigs plays an important role in animal welfare and economics of the pork industry. Currently, the guidelines available only suggest the use of ramps with a slope below 20 degrees...
The use of non-slip surfaces during loading and unloading of weaned pigs plays an important role in animal welfare and economics of the pork industry. Currently, the guidelines available only suggest the use of ramps below 20° to load and unload...
Viscoelastic parameters of viscoelastic materials should be measured to ensure their effective use. Unfortunately, devices for effective and accurate measurement of the relaxation modulus of materials are not currently available. In this study, we de...
The extreme pressure (EP) behavior of grease is related to its additives that can prevent seizure. However, in this study following ASTM D2596 four-ball test method, the EP behavior of greases was modified without any changes to its additive package....
The rapid growth of solar photovoltaic (PV) capacity is increasingly reshaping the operation of electricity systems, particularly in countries where renewable energy already represents a large share of generation. In Albania, where electricity produc...
This paper proposes an index called net load carrying capability (NLCC) to evaluate the contribution of a generating unit to the flexibility of a power system. NLCC is defined as the amount by which the load can be increased when a generating unit is...
The growing penetration of centralized and distributed solar photovoltaic (PV) generation has introduced significant operational challenges in power systems, most notably the “duck curve” phenomenon, which is characterized by steep net lo...
Nowadays, the integration of renewable energy sources, especially grid-connected photovoltaic, into electrical power systems, is increasing dramatically. There are several stimulants especially in the Java-Bali power system, including huge solar pote...
The classic four-ball test was developed in the 1930s and has remained unchanged to this day. This versatile and widely used methodology would benefit from further development with modern tools and techniques. The classic four-ball test is traditiona...
The load-bearing capacity of pebble aggregates plays a pivotal role in influencing the operational performance of uncontrolled trucks on arrester beds. The complexity of this phenomenon stems from the nonuniformity in the shapes of the pebbles and th...
It is widely believed that the incorporation of renewable energy to the current power grid is the way forward in achieving sustainable power generation. Currently, with the reduction of PV prices, many countries have started connecting PV systems int...
This paper presents a case study of energy flexibility strategies for a building located in the hot climate of Dubai, a type of climate in which energy flexibility has been under-researched. Energy flexibility is changing the routine-consumption prof...
It is significant for power system stability to improve the operation flexibility of grid-connected units. Such improvement has always been a hot topic, especially for coal-fired units. In recent decades, it has become increasingly urgent and challen...
The stability of the intermediate rock wall in the blasting construction of bifurcated small-spacing tunnels directly affects the construction safety of the tunnel structure. Clarifying the damage characteristics of the intermediate rock wall has sig...
This paper uses a two-level model predictive control-based approach for the coordinated control and energy management of an integrated system that includes photovoltaic (PV) generation, energy storage, and building loads. Novel features of the propos...
Configuring energy storage systems (ESSs) in distribution networks is an effective way to alleviate issues induced by intermittent distributed generation such as transformer overloading and line congestion. However, flexibility has not been fully tak...
Transport is an inevitable process in the modern U.S. swine industry. The loading process is a novel and potentially stressful experience. This study uses behavior, heart rate and leukocyte counts to compare stress one hour before, during and after l...
Large renewable energy bases are increasingly planned under delivery-hour targets, corridor-capacity constraints, and high shares of wind and photovoltaic generation. Chronological planning samples used in expansion and adequacy studies therefore nee...
At high penetration level of photovoltaic (PV) generators, their abrupt disturbances (caused by moving clouds) cause voltage and frequency perturbations and increase system losses. Meanwhile, the daily irradiation profile increases the slope in the n...
To investigate the propagation behavior of thermal cracks on the wheel tread under the conditions of long downhill ramps, a three-dimensional finite element model of a 1/16 wheel, including an initial thermal crack, was developed using the finite ele...
Background: Targeted training interventions, including neuromuscular warm-up protocols, eccentric resistance training, and dynamic stretching exercises, with limited and heterogeneous evidence on recovery strategies, have shown potential benefits for...
This study analyzes the residual demand curves of 42 countries under five scenarios with varying variable renewable energy (VRE) levels to observe how replacing coal with VRE can alter the demand curve. Using 2018 demand data, the residual demand was...
The global urgency to mitigate climate change by reducing transport-related emissions drives the accelerated electrification of road freight transport. This paper presents a comprehensive meta-study forecasting the development and corresponding power...
This study proposes a simulation-based methodology for estimating the energy saving achievable through the implementation of a just-in-time morning ramp-up procedure in a warehouse (equipped with a heat pump). In this methodology, the operation of th...
In the future market operation of new power systems, establishing a fair and reasonable cost allocation mechanism for ramping ancillary services is crucial. Such a mechanism would incentivize both the generation and load sides to reduce ramping deman...
The ramping requirement in new power systems primarily stems from net load variations and forecast errors of renewable energy and load. Designing an equitable cost allocation mechanism for ramping services based on these factors facilitates incentive...
Recent climate change has worsened the risk of extreme weather events, among which extreme offshore wind storms threaten secure operation by inducing offshore wind power ramps. Offshore wind power ramps cause the instantaneous power fluctuation of in...
The industry usually faces a problem during the loading/unloading of finished products and raw materials from one place to another when both places are at different elevations. As trucks are of variable height and industry loading bays are at differe...
Research on helicopter transient maneuvering flight noise is a hotspot and challenging topic in the fields of helicopter design and application. A new time-accurate free-wake (TAFW) method and the Fowcs Williams-Hawkings (FW–H) equations are ap...
An interchange is a pivotal traffic facility that connects highways and controls access. It is necessary to study their dynamic response characteristics to analyze the operational safety of ramp bridges on interchanges. Based on the numerical simulat...
Under the background of “dual-carbon”, expanding renewable energy grid integration exacerbates grid net load volatility, and system climbing requirements escalate. In this paper, the problem of uncertain ramping demand prediction caused b...
The penetration level of renewable generation has increased significantly in recent years, which has led to operational concerns associated with the system ramping capability. Here, we propose the flexible ramping capacity (FRC) model, which consider...
In order to improve the performance of self-driving commercial vehicles for half-hill starting, a ramp control strategy based on the back-slip speed corresponding to the parking moment is proposed. Firstly, the longitudinal dynamics model of the vehi...
On-ramps and off-ramps that serve as connections between high-speed facilities and arterials are potential hotspots for vehicle emissions. The engine load associated with grade and acceleration on uphill ramps can lead to significant emissions of cri...
The present case study reports a shear rheological characterization in the temperature domain of inks and pastes loaded with conductive High Reactivity Carbonaceous Material (HRCM) consisting mainly of few-layers graphene sheets. The combined effect...
Non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations have been used to investigate strain-rate dependence of plasticity and phase transition in [001]-oriented single-crystal iron under ramp compression. Here, plasticity is governed by deformation twinning,...
The transition toward new power systems requires enhanced operational flexibility, within which circulating fluidized bed (CFB) units exhibit considerable peak regulation potential. This study develops an economic optimization framework to evaluate t...
High renewable energy penetration intensifies net-load ramping and increases the demand for operational flexibility in distribution networks. However, existing hybrid AC/DC distribution network planning studies rarely consider both renewable ramp str...
5 February 2021
Material-cart handling can be strenuous and lead to overexertion injuries. The aim of this study is to produce a thorough understanding of how the cart condition, tire type, physical environment-related factors, and load interact to influence the erg...
Marine hydraulic ramps exhibit pronounced nonlinear behavior arising from configuration-dependent transmission geometry, gravitational torque, and servovalve flow–pressure coupling. Accurate angle regulation is further complicated by external d...
c-Si solar cell interconnection damages from thermal cycles emanate from cumulative damage contributions from the various load steps in a typical thermal cycle. In general, a typical thermal cycle involves five thermal load steps, namely: 1st cold dw...
The collective impacts of rapid urbanization, poor pollution management practices and insufficient sanitation infrastructure have driven the water quality deterioration in Little Akaki River (LAR), Ethiopia. Water quality modeling using QUAL2Kw was c...
As the penetration of renewable energy generation in electric grids becomes more substantial, its contribution to the variability of the net load becomes more noticeable. Particularly in small or weak grids, the rate at which the output power of a wi...
The rapid increase in renewable energy resources has resulted in the increasing need for a demand flexibility program (DFP) from industrial load resources as a solution to oversupply and peak load spikes. However, to reasonably estimate the DR potent...
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