Pediatric brain tumors are the most common solid malignancies in children. Advances in the treatment of pediatric brain tumors have come in the form of imaging, biopsy, surgical techniques, and molecular profiling. This has led the way for targeted t...
Utilizing a Scoping Review strategy in the domain of immune biology to identify immune therapeutic targets, knowledge gaps for implementing immune therapeutic strategies for pediatric brain tumors was assessed. The analysis demonstrated limited effor...
Background/objectives: Treating pediatric brain tumors remains challenging due to the limitations of conventional therapies, which often damage healthy cells. Ketogenic diets (KDs)—high in fat and low in carbohydrates—have emerged as pote...
Pediatric brain tumors are genetically heterogeneous solid neoplasms. With a prevailing poor prognosis and widespread resistance to conventional multimodal therapy, these aggressive tumors are the leading cause of childhood cancer-related deaths worl...
We review emerging preclinical and clinical evidence regarding brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein, genotype, and DNA methylation (DNAm) as biomarkers of outcomes in three important etiologies of pediatric acquired brain injury (ABI), tr...
Primary brain tumors are the most common solid neoplasms in children and a leading cause of mortality in this population. MRI plays a central role in the diagnosis, characterization, treatment planning, and disease surveillance of intracranial tumors...
Pediatric brain tumors represent the most common types of childhood cancer and novel diagnostic and therapeutic solutions are urgently needed. The gold standard treatment option for brain cancers in children, as in adults, is tumor resection followed...
Malignant brain tumors are the most common cause of solid cancer death in children. New targeted therapies are vital to improve treatment outcomes, but must be developed to enable trafficking across the blood brain barrier (BBB). Since activated T ce...
In the last decade, several radiopharmaceuticals have been developed and investigated for imaging in vivo of pediatric brain tumors with the aim of exploring peculiar metabolic processes as glucose consumption, amino-acid metabolism, and protein synt...
Advanced radiation techniques can reduce the severity of neurocognitive sequelae in young brain tumor patients. In the present analysis, we sought to compare neurocognitive outcomes after proton irradiation with patients who underwent photon radiothe...
Background: Brain metastases in pediatric osteosarcoma are infrequent but associated with a dire prognosis. Methods: This retrospective study examined six pediatric patients at Johns Hopkins Hospital who developed brain metastases from osteosarcoma b...
Central nervous system tumors are the most common pediatric solid tumors; they are also the most lethal. Unlike adults, childhood brain tumors are mostly primary in origin and differ in type, location and molecular signature. Tumor characteristics (i...
Tumor-treating fields (TTFields) are alternating electric fields applied continuously to the brain by attaching two-pair arrays on the scalp. Although TTFields therapy has demonstrated efficacy against supratentorial glioblastoma (GBM) in adults, its...
Pediatric brain tumors are the major cause of pediatric cancer mortality. They comprise a diverse group of tumors with different developmental origins, genetic profiles, therapeutic options, and outcomes. Despite many technological advancements, the...
Approximately five out of 100,000 children from 0 to 19 years old are diagnosed with a brain tumor. These children are treated with medication designed for adults that are highly toxic to a developing brain. Those that survive are at high risk for a...
Cancer is a leading cause of death in children with tumors of the central nervous system, the most commonly encountered solid malignancies in this population. Radiotherapy (RT) is an integral part of managing brain tumors, with excellent long-term su...
Central nervous system (CNS) tumors are the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in children, with prognosis remaining dismal for some of these malignancies. Though the past two decades have seen advancements in surgery, radiation, and targeted...
Brain tumors are unfortunately the most common types of solid tumors in the pediatric population, superseded only by leukemias, and largely bode a poor prognosis. Despite advances in our ability to diagnose and treat pediatric brain tumors, there rem...
Adult brain tumors mostly distinguish themselves from their pediatric counterparts. However, some typical pediatric brain tumors also occur in adults. The aim of this review is to describe the differences between classification, treatment, and outcom...
Pediatric primary brain tumors pose significant therapeutic challenges due to their aggressive nature and the critical environment of the developing brain. Traditional modalities like surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy often achieve limited succ...
Objective: This review aims to provide a summary of the clinical indications and limitations of PET imaging with different radiotracers, including 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) and other radiopharmaceuticals, in pediatric neuro-oncology, discussin...
In spite of recent advances in tumour molecular subtyping, pediatric brain tumours (PBTs) remain the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in children. While some PBTs are treatable with favourable outcomes, recurrent and metastatic disease for cert...
The present investigation aimed to explore the intact proteome of tissues of pediatric brain tumors of different WHO grades and localizations, including medulloblastoma, pilocytic astrocytoma, and glioblastoma, in comparison with the available data o...
Background: Pediatric brain tumors are the most common solid tumor in children. Traditionally, tumor diagnosis and molecular analysis were carried out on tumor tissue harvested either via biopsy or resection. However, liquid biopsy allows analysis of...
Background: The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in brain development and function, especially in early life. Disruptions in the pediatric microbiota–gut–brain axis have been linked to neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders. We h...
In vivo MR spectroscopy is a non -invasive methodology that provides information about the biochemistry of tissues. It is available as a “push-button” application on state-of-the-art clinical MR scanners. MR spectroscopy has been used to...
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common and important cause of morbidity and mortality among pediatric patients, affecting 47–280 per 100,000 children every year. Head trauma can affect the brain not only by the injury itself but also via a ne...
Zinc fingers consist of one of the most abundant motifs in transcription factors and DNA-binding proteins. Recent studies provide evidence on the pathological implication of zinc finger proteins in various neurodevelopmental disorders and malignancie...
There remains much debate about the correct management of incidentally found brain tumors in the pediatric population. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of surgical treatment of incidentally found pediatric brain tumors. A retrospe...
Mixed reality (MR) platforms for neurosurgical education, training, and clinical use have gained popularity in recent years. However, their use in pediatric neurosurgery is comparatively unexplored. We designed a study to explore the use of an MR-bas...
This project involves an examination of the effect of the small molecule inhibitor 4SC-202 on the growth of the pediatric brain cancer medulloblastoma. The small molecule inhibitor 4SC-202 significantly inhibits the viability of the pediatric desmopl...
Tumors of the central nervous system are the most frequent solid tumor type and the major cause for cancer-related mortality in children and adolescents. These tumors are biologically highly heterogeneous and comprise various different entities. Mole...
Background: The natural history of pediatric patients with metastasis of primary brain tumors within and outside the central nervous system is poorly understood, as too are possible clinical correlates with outcome. Correspondingly, the aim of this s...
Two accelerated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocols for pediatric brain imaging, GOBrain and Deep Resolve Swift Brain, developed by Siemens Healthineers (Erlangen, Germany), were evaluated in a series of clinically relevant pediatric cases at...
Purpose: The neurocognitive outcomes of pediatric brain tumor survivors have been extensively studied but the risk and predictors for neurobehavioral impairment are less clearly defined. We systematically analyzed the rates of emotional, psychosocial...
Estimation of the standard radiation dose at each imaging facility is required for radiation dose management, including establishment and utilization of the diagnostic reference levels. We investigated methods to estimate the standard dose for pediat...
Brain tumors diagnosis in children is a scientific concern due to rapid anatomical, metabolic, and functional changes arising in the brain and non-specific or conflicting imaging results. Pediatric brain tumors diagnosis is typically centralized in c...
Malignant central nervous system tumors are the leading cause of cancer death in children. Progress in high-throughput molecular techniques has increased the molecular understanding of these tumors, but the outcomes are still poor. Even when efficaci...
Evolving treatment paradigms have led to increased survival rates for children diagnosed with a brain tumor, and this has increasingly shifted clinical and research focus to morbidity and quality of life among survivors. Among unfavorable outcomes, s...
Pediatric brain tumors remain a significant source of morbidity and mortality. Though developments have been made in treating these malignancies, the blood–brain barrier, intra- and inter-tumoral heterogeneity, and therapeutic toxicity pose cha...
The diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) for pediatric brain computed tomography (CT) are provided for groups divided according to age. We investigated the relationships of radiation dose indices (volume CT dose index and dose length product) with age...
Numerous papers have reported altered expression patterns of Ras and/or ShcA proteins in different types of cancers. Their level can be potentially associated with oncogenic processes. We analyzed samples of pediatric brain tumors reflecting differen...
Pediatric brain tumor survivors remain at high risk of recurrence, yet current surveillance strategies relying on neuroimaging and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology have limited sensitivity for early or minimal disease. Tumor-specific peptides (TSPs...
Compared to traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the adult population, pediatric TBI has received less research attention, despite its potential long-term impact on the lives of many children around the world. After numerous clinical trials and preclinica...
Background: Due to advances in the treatment of pediatric brain tumors (PBT), an increasing number of patients are experiencing the transition from the pediatric to the adult health care system. This requires efficient transitional models. Methods: W...
Pediatric brain tumors have surpassed leukemia as the leading cause of cancer-related death in children. Several landmark studies from the last two decades have shown that many pediatric brain tumors are driven by epigenetic dysregulation within spec...
Background: Repeated brain computed tomography (CT) scans in children may result in substantial cumulative radiation exposure, particularly in young children, who are more sensitive to ionizing radiation. The purpose of the study was to assess the do...
Pediatric brain tumors are the second most common type of cancer, accounting for one in four childhood cancer types. Brain tumor resection surgery remains the most common treatment option for brain cancer. While assessing tumor margins intraoperative...
In recent years, we have seen an important progress in our comprehension of the molecular basis of pediatric brain tumors (PBTs). However, they still represent the main cause of death by disease in children. Due to the poor prognosis of some types of...
Background: Mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) causes morbidity and disability worldwide. Pediatric patients are uniquely vulnerable due to developmental and psychosocial factors. Reduced healthcare access in rural/underserved communities impair mana...
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