Immunobiology and Cytokine Modulation of the Pediatric Brain Tumor Microenvironment: A Scoping Review
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Methods
Search Strategy
3. Results
4. Discussion
4.1. General Themes of Pediatric Brain Tumor Immunobiology
4.2. Differential Immune Surveillance within Pediatric Brain Tumors
4.3. The Role of Immune Suppression in Pediatric Brain Tumors
4.4. Pediatric Brain Tumors Typically Have a Very Low Mutational Burden
4.5. Immunoediting as a Framework for Pediatric Brain Tumor Immunology
4.6. Evolution of Pediatric Brain Tumor Classification
4.7. The Paucity of Pre-Clinical Pediatric Brain Tumor Models
5. Conclusions
5.1. Overview of Findings, Future Perspectives, and Implementations
5.2. Key Areas for Future Investigation
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Budhiraja, S.; Najem, H.; Tripathi, S.; Wadhawani, N.R.; Horbinski, C.; McCord, M.; Lenzen, A.C.; Heimberger, A.B.; DeCuypere, M. Immunobiology and Cytokine Modulation of the Pediatric Brain Tumor Microenvironment: A Scoping Review. Cancers 2023, 15, 3655. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15143655
Budhiraja S, Najem H, Tripathi S, Wadhawani NR, Horbinski C, McCord M, Lenzen AC, Heimberger AB, DeCuypere M. Immunobiology and Cytokine Modulation of the Pediatric Brain Tumor Microenvironment: A Scoping Review. Cancers. 2023; 15(14):3655. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15143655
Chicago/Turabian StyleBudhiraja, Shreya, Hinda Najem, Shashwat Tripathi, Nitin R. Wadhawani, Craig Horbinski, Matthew McCord, Alicia C. Lenzen, Amy B. Heimberger, and Michael DeCuypere. 2023. "Immunobiology and Cytokine Modulation of the Pediatric Brain Tumor Microenvironment: A Scoping Review" Cancers 15, no. 14: 3655. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15143655