As the automotive industry shifts from internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles to electric vehicles (EVs), many countries are setting new strategies in their transportation sector. The Li-ion battery is currently the most common battery used in EVs...
The primary challenge to the commercialization of any electric vehicle is the performance management of the battery pack. The performance of the battery module is influenced by the resistance of the inter-cell connecting plates (ICCP) and the positio...
Battery cost and battery capacity are key factors to determine whether or not electric vehicles would be used widely. Having a high energy density, lithium-ion battery can improve the mileage range of electric vehicles, yet the battery cost remains h...
Lithium-ion batteries are currently used for various applications since they are lightweight, stable, and flexible. With the increased demand for portable electronics and electric vehicles, it has become necessary to develop newer, smaller, and light...
Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) operate using both electricity and liquid fuel, offering emissions reduction while eliminating driving-range concerns. Determining the optimal electric range or battery capacity is crucial for the total cost o...
The rapid adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) has intensified the demand for advanced battery technologies capable of delivering higher energy density, improved safety, faster charging, and longer operational life. This review provides a comprehensiv...
The nickel-iron (Ni-Fe) battery is a century-old technology that fell out of favor compared to modern batteries such as lead–acid and lithium-ion batteries. However, in the last decade, there has been a resurgence of interest because of its rob...
In the automotive and working vehicle industry, lithium-ion batteries are a strategic component affecting the design, cost, and performance of vehicles. The electrochemical processes which allow the battery to deliver or store electrical energy invol...
This paper suggests an embedded battery impedance measurement based on an Inductor Capacitor (LC) resonant tank to measure the battery’s internal temperature for battery management systems (BMS). The purpose of the BMS is to provide state-of-ch...
This study conducts low-vacuum sulfidation to form a sulfidation layer on the serpentinite-derived magnesium iron silicate, thereby enhancing its electrochemical properties. Results show (Mg,Fe)2SiO4 calcined at 900 °C has the best crystallinity,...
Battery state estimation is fundamental to battery management systems (BMSs). An accurate model is needed to describe the dynamic behavior of the battery to evaluate the fundamental quantities, such as the state of charge (SOC) or the state of health...
This paper presents the design, implementation, and testing of a fuzzy battery manager featuring a novel hardware design. The system uses a fuzzy inference system to charge and balance two battery cells in series, integrating a microcontroller and a...
The global use of lithium-ion batteries of all types has been increasing at a rapid pace for many years. In order to achieve the goal of an economical and sustainable battery industry, the recycling and recirculation of materials is a central element...
End-of-life electric vehicle (EV) batteries can be reused to reduce their environmental impact and economic costs. However, the growth of the second-life market is limited by the lack of information on the characteristics and performance of these bat...
As the market share of electric vehicles continues to rise, the number of battery systems that are retired after their service life in the vehicle will also increase. This large growth in battery returns will also have a noticeable impact on processe...
Considering the impact of the battery leasing service and battery swapping service on the vehicle supply chain operation mode, a vehicle supply chain with a vehicle manufacturer and a battery asset company is investigated. Decision models are formula...
Compared with batteries, ultracapacitors have higher specific power and longer cycle life. They can act as power buffers to absorb peak power during charging and discharging, playing a role in peak shaving and valley filling, thereby extending the cy...
Almost all HEV battery control strategies keep the battery state of charge (SOC) within a lower limit (SOCmin) (these strategies also called charge sustaining strategies). The goal from sustaining the SOC in this way is to prolong the battery life. B...
To improve the reliability and energy efficiency of battery swapping, we constructed a battery power network system with active redundancies and with multiple battery management controllers (one in each newly developed smart redundant battery pack)....
This paper presents a novel approach for providing a mobile battery swapping service for electric vehicles (EVs) that is provided by a mobile battery swapping van. This battery swapping van can carry many fully charged batteries and drive up to an EV...
The surge in electric vehicle adoption has resulted in a significant rise in end-of-life batteries, which are unsuitable for demanding EV applications. Repurposing these batteries for secondary applications presents a promising avenue to tackle envir...
Battery models have gained great importance in recent years, thanks to the increasingly massive penetration of electric vehicles in the transport market. Accurate battery models are needed to evaluate battery performances and design an efficient batt...
Aging increases the internal resistance of a battery and reduces its capacity; therefore, energy storage systems (ESSs) require a battery management system (BMS) algorithm that can manage the state of the battery. This paper proposes a battery effici...
This work presents a battery management system for lead–acid batteries that integrates a battery-block (12 V) sensor that allows the online monitoring of a cell’s temperature, voltage, and impedance spectra. The monitoring and diagnostic capabilities...
The battery management system (BMS) is a core component to ensure the efficient and safe operation of electric vehicles, and the practical evaluation of key BMS functions is thus of great importance. However, the testing of a BMS with actual battery...
Mining production, being one of the most energy-intensive industries globally, consumes substantial amounts of fossil fuels and contributes to extensive carbon emissions worldwide. The trend toward electrification and advanced developments in battery...
Greenhouse gas emissions from transportation harm the environment. In response to these environmental concerns, numerous countries encourage the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) as a more environmentally friendly option than traditional gasoline-p...
Traditional battery management systems (BMS) encounter significant challenges, including low precision in predicting battery states and complexities in managing batteries, primarily due to the scarcity of collected signals. The advancement towards a...
Small capacity and passively cooled battery packs are widely used in mild hybrid electric vehicles (MHEV). In this regard, continuous usage of electric traction could cause thermal runaway of the battery, reducing its life and increasing the risk of...
A new type of battery known as metal-ion batteries promises better performance than existing batteries. In terms of energy storage, they could prove useful and eliminate some of the problems existing batteries face. This review aims to help academics...
In this paper, we propose a battery management algorithm to optimize the lifetimes of retired lithium batteries with heterogeneous states of health in a battery energy storage system under dynamic power demand. A battery energy storage system allows...
The operation of a battery power bank with series-connected buck–boost-type battery power modules (BPMs) was investigated in this study. Each BPM consisted of a battery pack with an associated buck–boost converter for individually controlling battery...
The parameter inconsistency of the battery cells and the series-parallel connection mode are closely related to the battery pack capacity. Studying the degree of influence of battery pack capacity by battery cell parameters is of great significance t...
The market of accumulator based technologies is changing very fast, especially the electro mobility market due to different decisions made to reduce the impact on climate change. In most markets battery packs are used, which means accumulators are co...
Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) have become a major component of the global transition toward electrified transportation. The rapid expansion of BEV adoption has been accompanied by substantial advances in lithium-ion battery technology, including i...
The growing oil demand and serious environmental concerns have promoted the concept of the usage of electric vehicles (EVs) across the globe. EVs can be integrated into the grid for power transaction and to support the grid requirements, thereby draw...
Electric vehicles (EVs) have had a meteoric rise in acceptance in recent decades due to mounting worries about greenhouse gas emissions, global warming, and the depletion of fossil resource supplies because of their superior efficiency and performanc...
Digital battery passports are being adopted to provide traceable records of lithium-ion batteries across their lifecycle, credible performance, and durability. However, it requires continuous diagnostics rather than lab-based tests and conditions. Th...
The anode state of charge (SOC) and degradation information pertaining to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is crucial for understanding battery degradation over time. This information about each cell in a battery pack can help prolong the battery pack&rs...
Finding the cost-optimal battery size in the context of parcel delivery with Electric Vehicles (EVs) requires solving a tradeoff between using the largest possible battery (so as to maximize the number of deliveries over a given time) and the relativ...
With the widespread use of Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries in Electric Vehicles (EVs), Hybrid EVs and Renewable Energy Systems (RESs), much attention has been given to Battery Management System (BMSs). By monitoring the terminal voltage, current and t...
Growing numbers of electric vehicles (EVs) as well as controversial discussions on cost, scarcity and the environmental and social sustainability of primary raw materials that are needed for battery production together emphasize the necessity for bat...
Metal-ion batteries are systems for electrochemical energy conversion and storage with only one kind of ion shuttling between the negative and the positive electrode during discharge and charge. This concept also known as rocking-chair battery has be...
Safe and efficient operation of a battery pack requires a battery management system (BMS) that can accurately predict the pack state-of-heath (SOH). Although there is no universal definition for battery SOH, it is often defined based on the increase...
Battery Management Systems are fundamental components of the present battery generation. The development and characterization phases of a BMS often require an emulator of the battery cells with which the Battery Management System functions can be ass...
This paper presents the various ways that lithium-ion batteries are being counterfeited, the problems that counterfeit batteries present, how they enter the consumer market, and the difficulties of detection. Simple external visual inspection of the...
Electric forklifts are extremely important for the world’s logistics and industry. Lead acid batteries are the most common energy storage system for electric forklifts; however, to ensure more energy efficiency and less environmental pollution, they...
This paper proposes an original method for selecting cylindrical Li-Ion cells in the popular 18650 format, sourced from the disassembly of laptop batteries, for reuse and to give them a second life. The Introduction analyzes the key properties of Li-...
In the context of harsh emission control and ecological environment protection, the shipping industry is transforming and upgrading towards greening, decarburization, and electrification. Battery-powered all-electric inland ships have been attracting...
The incremental cost for increasing the power of Li-ion batteries for plug-in hybrid-electric vehicles (PHEVs) is moderate. Hence, the reduction of fuel consumption by using battery power at high vehicle speeds rather than engine power results in hig...
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