The eye is an organ with limited drug access due to its anatomical and physiological barriers, and the usual forms of ocular administration are limited in terms of drug penetration, residence time, and bioavailability, as well as low patient complian...
Several drug delivery systems have been proposed to overcome physiological barriers, improving ocular bioavailability. Systemic routes are seldom used due to the blood-ocular barrier. Novel drug delivery systems based on nanotechnology techniques hav...
The ocular surface microbiome plays a critical role in maintaining ocular health, preventing infections, and regulating immune responses. Contact lens (CL) wear has been linked to alterations in microbial composition, potentially leading to dysbiosis...
The use of eyewash solutions in Japan, especially in patients with allergic conjunctivitis and contact lens wearers, has been increasing. Our aim was to investigate how the use of preservative-free eyewash solution in healthy eyes for one month affec...
Blood derived products have become a valuable source of tissue for the treatment of ocular surface diseases that are refractory to conventional treatments. These can be obtained from autologous or allogeneic sources (patient’s own blood or from healt...
Background/Objectives: Tacrolimus, an immunosuppressant, is increasingly used topically in ophthalmology, particularly for conditions like vernal keratoconjunctivitis and post-keratoplasty rejection prophylaxis. This systematic review aims to evaluat...
Ocular herpesviruses, most notably human alphaherpesvirus 1 (HSV-1), canid alphaherpesvirus 1 (CHV-1) and felid alphaherpesvirus 1 (FHV-1), infect and cause severe disease that may lead to blindness. CHV-1 and FHV-1 have a pathogenesis and induce cli...
Over one century after its first military use on the battlefield, sulfur mustard (SM) remains a threatening agent. Due to the absence of an antidote and specific treatment, the management of SM-induced lesions, particularly on the skin and eyes, stil...
Eye infections are a global health and economic problem that affect people of both sexes at any age. Topical application of anti-infectives is widely used in the treatment of these types of infections. However, little is known about the current statu...
Background: Ocular-surface abnormalities are common in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis and may predispose to dupilumab-associated ocular surface disease (DAOSD). We investigated early ocular-surface changes during dupilumab treatme...
Background: The diagnosis of ocular sarcoidosis (OS) is difficult to establish in the absence of manifest systemic involvement. To help clinicians reach a diagnosis, we convened a group of experts in 2006 (International Workshop on Ocular Sarcoidosis...
Background/objectives: The continuous necessity to support biostrumental data with biolomecular data collected using non-invasive tools is influencing the world of ocular surface devices. The ocular imprint still represents a non-invasive and safety...
24 July 2020
Ocular issues are common, burdensome, and under-researched among residents of aged care services. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of dry eyes or use of ocular lubricants among residents, and the possible association with systemic medica...
Extensive research is currently being conducted into novel ocular drug delivery systems (ODDS) that are capable of surpassing the limitations associated with conventional intraocular anterior and posterior segment treatments. Nanoformulations, includ...
Background/Objectives: Infectious keratitis and eye injuries, despite being well-recognized ophthalmological diseases, continue to pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in clinical practice; therefore, this study was conducted to assess the sali...
Psoriasis is an immune-mediated, chronic inflammatory disease, which mainly affects the skin, although it has systemic pathological effects. Comorbidities of psoriasis include ocular disorders, which are often nonspecific or mildly symptomatic. The a...
Background/Objectives: During cataract surgery, topical anesthesia is routinely achieved through the instillation of topical anesthetic eye drops, while different agents may be applied to the corneal surface during the procedure to support lubricatio...
Moxifloxacin is a fourth-generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic available for ophthalmic use. It inhibits two enzymes involved in bacterial DNA synthesis, covering Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. This spectrum allows for the formulation of...
microcirculation; conjunctiva; jejunum; rectum; pigs
The pathologic mechanism of diabetic retinopathy is directly related to the underlying hyperglycemia associated with diabetes. Hyperglycemia causes non-enzymatic cross-linking of collagen fibrils which contributes mechanistically to tissue stiffening...
It is difficult for clinicians or less-experienced ophthalmologists to detect early eye-related diseases. By hand, eye disease diagnosis is labor-intensive, prone to mistakes, and challenging because of the variety of ocular diseases such as glaucoma...
The development of generic ophthalmic drug products with complex formulations is challenging due to the complexity of the ocular system and a lack of sensitive testing to evaluate the interplay of its physiology with ophthalmic drugs. New methods are...
Drowsiness is one of the main causes of road accidents and endangers the lives of road users. Recently, there has been considerable interest in utilizing features extracted from electroencephalography (EEG) signals to detect driver drowsiness. Howeve...
Nanomaterials provide enormous opportunities to overcome the limitations of conventional ocular delivery systems, such as low therapeutic efficacy, side effects due to the systemic exposure, or invasive surgery. Apart from the more common ocular diso...
In ocular drug delivery, maintaining an efficient concentration of the drug in the target area for a sufficient period of time is a challenging task. There is a pressing need for the development of effective strategies for drug delivery to the eye us...
Ocular drug delivery provides a challenging opportunity to develop optimal formulations with proper therapeutic effects and acceptable patient compliance because there are many restricting factors involved, such as complex anatomical structures, defe...
The major goal of this work was to study the potential of natural deep eutectic systems (NADES) as new media for ocular formulations. In formulating eye drops, it is important to increase the retention time of the drug on the surface of eye; hence, d...
Ocular choroidal melanoma (OCM) is the most common ocular primary malignant tumor in adults, and there is an increasing emphasis on its early detection and treatment worldwide. The main obstacle in early detection of OCM is its overlapping clinical f...
The ocular surface represents a unique microbial ecosystem continuously exposed to environmental microorganisms; however, the fungal component of the healthy equine ocular microbiome remains poorly characterized. This study aimed to characterize the...
Background: This study introduces a novel dexamethasone (DEX) mixed micellar system (DEX-MM) using Soluplus® and Pluronic F-127 (PF127) to enhance ocular drug delivery. The enhancement of ocular application properties was achieved by creating a c...
The early prediction of ocular disease is certainly an obligatory concern in the domain of ophthalmic medicine. Although modern scientific discoveries have shown the potential to treat eye diseases by using artificial intelligence (AI) and machine le...
Background/Objectives: Epalrestat (EPL), an aldose reductase inhibitor, exhibits poor aqueous solubility and limited ocular bioavailability, which significantly restricts its therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy. To overcome...
Among children born with laboratory-confirmed Zika virus (ZIKV) infection, visual impairment (VI) can occur despite normal ocular structure. The objective of this report is to describe ocular findings and visual function among children examined durin...
The impact of visual impairment, such as blindness, on quality of life is immeasurable. However, effective ocular drug delivery into the eyes has not yet been established, primarily due to the impermeability imposed by the blood–retinal barrier...
The deployment of conditionally automated vehicles raises safety concerns, as drivers often engage in non-driving-related tasks (NDRTs), delaying takeover responses. This study investigates driver state monitoring (DSM) using multimodal physiological...
Objective: This study aimed to compare time-dependent changes in visual acuity (VA), central corneal thickness (CCT), intraocular pressure (IOP), and the structure and elasticity of ocular tissues, as measured by shear wave elastography (SWE), in the...
Imaging of the ocular vasculature can provide new insights into the pathophysiology of ocular diseases. This study proposes a novel high-frequency super-resolution ultrasound localization microscopy (SRULM) technique and evaluates its ability to meas...
Randomized controlled studies have shown that antioxidative supplements are effective in suppressing the progression of age-related macular degeneration and visual display terminal syndrome. However, effects of their general use in the real-world and...
Background/Objectives: Intraoperative aberrometry has gained clinical relevance in correcting aberrations during cataract and corneal refractive surgeries. As wavefront aberrations are typically measured with patients seated, while surgeries are perf...
Recent studies have demonstrated that Sirtuin-1 (SIRT-1)-activating molecules exert a protective role in degenerative ocular diseases. However, these molecules hardly reach the back of the eye due to poor solubility in aqueous environments and low bi...
Classical methodologies used in ocular pharmacokinetics studies have difficulties to obtain information about topical and intraocular distribution and clearance of drugs and formulations. This is associated with multiple factors related to ophthalmic...
Imaging diagnosis plays a fundamental role in avian medicine. However, there are few publications regarding its use in ophthalmology. Seabirds, in particular, present a peculiar ecology since their lives take place in very diverse environments: the a...
Nanoemulsion is one of the potential drug delivery strategies used in topical ocular therapy. The purpose of this study was to design and optimize a nanoemulsion-based system to improve therapeutic efficacy of moxifloxacin in ophthalmic delivery. Mox...
The aim of this study is to calculate the gains of the quantified visually enhanced vestibulo-ocular reflex (qVVOR) and the quantified vestibulo-ocular reflex suppression (qVORS), using a specific system to generate a visual suppression index (SI) in...
The Hartmann–Shack wavefront sensor is widely used to measure aberrations in both astronomy and ophthalmology. Yet, the dynamic range of the sensor is limited by cross-talk between adjacent lenslets. In this study, we explore ocular aberration...
Background: This prospective observational study assessed acute changes in distance ocular deviation after brief smartphone viewing in young adults without manifest strabismus and identified factors associated with the magnitude of change. Methods: F...
The present study aimed to assess the agreement of three commercially available devices on the measurement of anterior chamber depth (ACD) with and without compensation by central corneal thickness measurement (CCT). Fifty eyes were included in an ob...
The Rcs phosphorelay is a bacterial stress response system that responds to envelope stresses and in turn controls several virulence-associated pathways, including capsule, flagella, and toxin biosynthesis, of numerous bacterial species. The Rcs syst...
In this study, differentiation of pterygium vs. ocular surface squamous neoplasia based on multispectral autofluorescence imaging technique was investigated. Fifty (N = 50) patients with histopathological diagnosis of pterygium (PTG) and/or ocular su...
Corneal ulcer is a prevalent ocular condition that requires ophthalmologists to diagnose, assess, and monitor symptoms. During examination, ophthalmologists must identify the corneal ulcer area and evaluate its severity by manually comparing ocular s...
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