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Photonics
Special Issues
Latest Developments in Ocular Biometry
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Latest Developments in Ocular Biometry

A special issue of Photonics (ISSN 2304-6732). This special issue belongs to the section "Biophotonics and Biomedical Optics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2023) | Viewed by 4241

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Francisco Javier Povedano-Montero

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Optics and Optometry Optometry and Vision Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28014 Madrid, Spain
Interests: optometría; oftalmología; neurociencia
Dr. Ricardo Bernardez-Vilaboa

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Professor in Optometría y Visión Department, Univeridad Complutense de Madrid, 28044 Madrid, Spain
Interests: optometry; optical coherence tomography; biometry; corneal topography; color vision; aberrometry; macular degeneration; visual perception
Dr. Juan E. Cedrún-Sánchez

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Optometry and Vision, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
Interests: optometry; optical coherence tomography; biometry; corneal topography; color vision; aberrometry; macular degeneration; visual perception
Dr. Francisco López-Muñoz

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Health Sciences, University Camilo José Cela, C/castillo de Alarcón, 49, Urb. Villafranca del Castillo, 28692 Madrid, Spain
Interests: psychopharmacology; mental health; melatonin; neurosciences; adjunctive therapy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Many eye diseases and conditions can be predicted by looking at the axial length of the eye. Studies indicate that long axial length is associated with primary open-angle glaucoma, while short axial length and shallow anterior chamber predispose to primary closed-angle glaucoma. Additionally, axial length is used to track methods for myopia control. A good understanding of ocular biometric parameters like axial length is crucial for understanding the risk factors and determinants of ametropia. Another fundamental use of ocular biometry is the calculation of IOLs in cataract surgery, where accurate ocular biometry is essential to obtain the desired refractive result. For all these reasons, ocular biometry has become a routine practice in ophthalmic examinations, and is a field that has undergone intense evolution in recent decades. However, there are few studies on ocular biometry. This Special Issue plans to give an overview of the latest advances in this field. This Special Issue aims to provide contributions on the different methods of ocular biometry, as well as their applications. Potential topics include, but are not limited to:

  • Types of ocular biometers.
  • Comparison of the different methods of biometry.
  • Biometry and intraocular lens calculation.
  • Association between refractive errors and ocular biometry.
  • Biometry and primary angle-closure glaucoma.

Dr. Francisco Javier Povedano-Montero
Dr. Ricardo Bernardez-Vilaboa
Dr. Juan E. Cedrún-Sánchez
Dr. Francisco López Muñoz
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Photonics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • ocular biometry
  • laser-Doppler interferometry
  • ultrasound biometry
  • optical biometry
  • SS-OCT-based biometrics
  • ultrasonic measurement
  • axial length
  • sagittal growth
  • ultrasound
  • anterior-chamber depth

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 896 KiB  
Article
Agreement on Anterior Chamber Depth Measurement between Three Commercially Available Devices
by Veronica Noya-Padin, Hugo Pena-Verdeal, Jacobo Garcia-Queiruga, Irene Sampedro-Mariño, Maria Jesus Giraldez and Eva Yebra-Pimentel
Photonics 2024, 11(4), 377; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11040377 - 17 Apr 2024
Viewed by 474
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the agreement of three commercially available devices on the measurement of anterior chamber depth (ACD) with and without compensation by central corneal thickness measurement (CCT). Fifty eyes were included in an observational cross-sectional study. Participants underwent a [...] Read more.
The present study aimed to assess the agreement of three commercially available devices on the measurement of anterior chamber depth (ACD) with and without compensation by central corneal thickness measurement (CCT). Fifty eyes were included in an observational cross-sectional study. Participants underwent a single visit during which devices were used to obtain the inclusion/exclusion (ARK510A, Canon TX-10) and studied (VX-120, Lenstar LS900 and EchoScan US-800) parameters. Based on invasiveness, tests were always performed in the same order by one researcher (to avoid inter-observer variability) and only in the right eye (to avoid overstating the precision of estimates) in each participant. The keratometry, autorefraction, intraocular pressure and anterior chamber angle values were used as inclusion criteria, while the CCT and ACD values were used in the agreement analysis between devices. There was a general and a paired difference in ACD measurements between devices (Greenhouse–Geisser: p ≤ 0.001; Sidak: all p ≤ 0.001). No significant difference was found in ACD measurements compensated by CCT values between the devices (Greenhouse–Geisser: p = 0.200). Pairwise analysis showed a significant difference in VX-120 vs. Lenstar (Sidak: p = 0.021). The differences in ACD measurements compensated by CCT values between the devices were clinically acceptable. Consequently, using these instruments interchangeably in daily routines based on this correction is justified. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Latest Developments in Ocular Biometry)
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10 pages, 1054 KiB  
Article
Associations between Ocular Biometry, Refractive Error, and Body Characteristics
by Veronica Noya-Padin, Noelia Nores-Palmas, Jacobo Garcia-Queiruga, Maria J. Giraldez, Hugo Pena-Verdeal and Eva Yebra-Pimentel
Photonics 2024, 11(2), 165; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11020165 - 08 Feb 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 920
Abstract
Myopia is a refractive error widely spread throughout the world, usually related to excessive axial length (AL) of the eye. This elongation could have severe consequences, even leading to blindness. However, AL varies among subjects, and it may be correlated with other anthropometric [...] Read more.
Myopia is a refractive error widely spread throughout the world, usually related to excessive axial length (AL) of the eye. This elongation could have severe consequences, even leading to blindness. However, AL varies among subjects, and it may be correlated with other anthropometric parameters. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationships between AL, body height, refractive error, and sex. A total of 72 eyes of 36 myopic participants with a mean age of 11.1 ± 1.42 years (ranging from 8 to 14 years) were included in the study. Participants underwent objective refraction by NVision-K5001, AL measurement by Topcon MYAH biometer, and body height measurement. Significant correlations were observed between AL, body height, and spherical equivalent (SE) (Spearman’s correlation, all p ≤ 0.016). When participants were grouped by AL, significant differences were observed for body height and SE, and when grouped by height percentile, significant differences were observed for AL and SE (Kruskal–Wallis test, all p ≤ 0.006). There was a significant difference in SE, AL, and body height between genders (Mann–Whitney U test, all p ≤ 0.038). AL relates to the refractive state of the eye and is also influenced by individual anatomical characteristics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Latest Developments in Ocular Biometry)
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7 pages, 1003 KiB  
Communication
Variations in Lens Thickness Affecting the Anterior Chamber Length and Their Potential Measurement Using a Biometer
by F. Javier Povedano-Montero, Ricardo Bernardez-Villaboa, Gema Martínez-Florentín, Francisco López-Muñoz and Juan E. Cedrún-Sánchez
Photonics 2023, 10(12), 1351; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10121351 - 07 Dec 2023
Viewed by 836
Abstract
Biometry is a critical aspect of ophthalmology, since it facilitates the measurement of several ocular parameters and aids in the diagnosis of conditions like glaucoma. The advent of the IOLMaster in 1999 marked a pivotal moment in biometry by introducing non-contact and highly [...] Read more.
Biometry is a critical aspect of ophthalmology, since it facilitates the measurement of several ocular parameters and aids in the diagnosis of conditions like glaucoma. The advent of the IOLMaster in 1999 marked a pivotal moment in biometry by introducing non-contact and highly precise measurements that revolutionized the field. Low-coherence optical reflectometry devices such as Lenstar LS900 and Aladdin have further advanced biometry, due to the exceptional accuracy they offer. Axial length, a fundamental measurement in biometry, directly correlates with conditions like myopia and glaucoma. The accurate measurement of axial length is crucial for diagnosis and treatment planning. Biometry also guides intraocular lens power calculation during cataract surgery, relying on factors like axial length, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, and effective lens position (ELP). Ensuring precision in these measurements is essential for optimal surgical outcomes. While several studies have explored biometric parameters, dynamic changes in crystalline lens thickness during rest or accommodation have received little attention. These changes may have a significant effect on the measurement of the anterior chamber length, and consequently impact the overall biometric assessment. This study delves into dynamic biometry, particularly in the context of age-related presbyopia, and aims to assess the feasibility of incorporating into the biometric process a specialized device capable of accurately considering crystalline lens changes during different states like rest and accommodation. This exploration seeks to enhance the understanding of ocular dynamics and contribute to improving the precision of diagnostic and surgical techniques. It underscores the importance of staying at the forefront of biometric research, especially in the context of emerging technologies and their potential to transform ophthalmology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Latest Developments in Ocular Biometry)
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8 pages, 3036 KiB  
Communication
Short-Term Axial Length Changes in Myopic Eyes Induced by Defocus Spectacles for Myopia Control
by Rafael Iribarren, Abel Szeps, Carlos Kotlik, Liliana Laurencio, MartÍn De Tomas, Ricardo Impagliazzo and Gabriel Martin
Photonics 2023, 10(6), 668; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10060668 - 08 Jun 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1453
Abstract
Background. This study tested short-term axial length changes with Lenstar using a simple peripheral plus-add spectacle design. Methods. The subjects for this study were current users of monofocal glasses or contact lenses, aged 18–25 years, with myopic spherical refractions ranging from −1.00 to [...] Read more.
Background. This study tested short-term axial length changes with Lenstar using a simple peripheral plus-add spectacle design. Methods. The subjects for this study were current users of monofocal glasses or contact lenses, aged 18–25 years, with myopic spherical refractions ranging from −1.00 to −5.00 diopters in both eyes. This study tested subjects while using a pair of special defocus spectacles that possess a central zone with the distance myopic correction and a peripheral zone with +3.50 added diopters. The procedure consisted of reading an online book with black letters on white background on a desktop computer, in two periods—one with the usual spectacles and the second with special defocus spectacles. Before and after these periods, 10 axial length measurements of the right eye were made with Lenstar and averaged up to three decimal points. Results. Seventeen subjects (thirteen female and four male; mean age 22.3 ± 5.5 years) participated in this study. The mean spherical equivalent of their right eye was −2.31 ± 1.06 diopters. There was a significant difference of +8.1 microns which increased the axial length from baseline when reading the usual prescription levels during the first 40 min period. When subjects read in the same situation with the defocus spectacles, the axial length significantly returned to baseline measurements, which were shortened by −10.6 microns. Conclusions. The decrease in axial length with these spectacles might indicate an effect on axial elongation signals from the choroid. These spectacles could be tested for myopia control purposes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Latest Developments in Ocular Biometry)
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