Some hydropower reservoirs are operated under different constraint levels. For these reservoirs, a multi-level (ML) dependent-chance (DC) model is established. In the model, only when the higher-level constraints are satisfied are the lower-level con...
A modeling of a turbo air compressor system (TACS), with a multi-level inverter for driving variable speed, combining an electrical model of an electric motor drive system (EMDS) and a mechanical model of a turbo air compressor, is essential to accur...
Complex hierarchical structures and diverse personnel mobility pose challenges for many multi-level organizations. The difficulty of reasonable human resource planning in multi-level organizations is mainly caused by ignoring the hierarchical structu...
With the refinement of the urban transportation network, more and more passengers choose the combined mode. To provide better inter-trip services, it is necessary to integrate and forecast the passenger flow of multi-level rail transit network to imp...
This study investigates the various factors contributing to the severity of traffic collisions, with specific attention given to elements such as the involvement of pedestrians and cyclists, the roles played by motor vehicles, prevailing weather cond...
Finite element model updating (FEMU) is critical for structural damage identification. However, applying it to large intricate structures with abundant structural parameters is often computationally prohibitive. The substructuring method enhances com...
Global public safety is increasingly threatened by frequent road traffic accidents, making early accident risk prediction essential for intelligent transportation systems. However, incomplete multimodal data and insufficient spatiotemporal modeling l...
The combination support structure of pile-anchor and frame-anchor is widely used in multi-level slope engineering, but the relevant theoretical research lags behind engineering practice. To make up for this deficiency, this paper takes the multi-leve...
Nowadays, the problems of traffic accidents, inefficiency, and congestion still affect transportation systems. Conventional solutions often do not resolve and can even exacerbate the problems. Intelligent transportation system (ITS) technology, inclu...
In the fields of meteorological simulation and computer graphics, precise simulation of clouds has been a recent research hotspot. The existing cloud modeling methods often ignore the differentiated characteristics of cloud layers at different height...
The rapid advancement of technology and increasing data utilisation have underscored the need for new models to manage and secure big data effectively. However, the constraints of isolated network environments and the limitations of existing security...
Conventional agricultural systems have contributed to social, economic and environmental problems and are the main threat to global sustainability. In response, theoretical frameworks to describe the transition to sustainable food systems have been p...
Trust assessment is of great significance to related issues such as privacy protection and rumor transmission in online social networks. At present, there are mainly two types of trust models: discrete type and continuous, type. Little work has been...
In recent years, cities are threatened by various natural hazards. Planning emergency shelters in advance is an effective approach to reducing the damage caused by disasters and ensuring the safety of residents. Thus, providing the optimal layout of...
Modern corporate networks operate in increasingly complex and heterogeneous environments, which complicates the objective assessment of their current security state. This study proposes a dual-channel multi-level model for quantitative assessment of...
Fatigue damage failure is a process where the mechanical properties of different materials continuously degrade under the action of cyclic loads. The cumulative analysis of fatigue damage has a significant impact on the service structure of major equ...
Remote sensing video (RSV) provides continuous, high spatiotemporal earth observations that are increasingly important for environmental monitoring, disaster response, infrastructure inspection and urban management. Despite this potential, operationa...
Multi-Level Governance (MLG) frameworks effectively diagnose the complexity of regional renewable energy transitions but lack operational mechanisms for institutional implementation. This study develops a hybrid evidence-based architecture that integ...
Low-carbon transitions are long-term complex processes that are driven by multiple factors. To provide a theoretical and practical framework of this process, we argue that the combination of the multi-level perspective (MLP) and agent-based modeling...
The electricity-saving behavior of construction workers is helpful in reducing construction costs, protecting the ecological environment, and preventing global climate change. However, there is insufficient research on the electricity-saving behavior...
Bacterial pneumonia is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases and has high mortality in sensitive patients (children, elderly and immunocompromised). Although an infection, the disease alters the alveolar epithelium homeostasis and hinders nor...
This paper presents a progressive damage model (PDM) based on the 3D Hashin failure criterion within the ABAQUS/ExplicitTM 2021 framework via a VUMAT subroutine, enhancing the characterization of the mechanical performance and damage evolution in the...
Speech emotion recognition is a challenging and widely examined research topic in the field of speech processing. The accuracy of existing models in speech emotion recognition tasks is not high, and the generalization ability is not strong. Since the...
Remarkable progress in the development of modeling methods for indoor spaces has been made in recent years with a focus on the reconstruction of complex environments, such as multi-room and multi-level buildings. Existing methods represent indoor str...
Bus–pedestrian crashes typically result in more severe injuries and deaths than any other type of bus crash. Thus, it is important to screen and improve the risk factors that affect bus–pedestrian crashes. However, bus–pedestrian cr...
Based on the fixed interface component mode synthesis, a multiple and multi-level substructure method for the modeling of complex structures is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the residual structure is selected according to the structural characteri...
To satisfy the requirements of multi-level power output in wireless power transfer (WPT) systems, this paper proposes a multi-level power regulation strategy based on primary-side hardware reuse and inverter mode selection. The proposed approach redu...
In order to enhance the predictive accuracy and control capabilities pertaining to low- and medium-frequency road noise in automotive contexts, this study introduces a methodology for Structural-borne Road Noise (SRN) prediction and optimization. Thi...
15 September 2025
Background: This paper empirically tests the new multi-level Associationalist Demand Control (ADC) theory by applying the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) 2.0 that assesses both a wide range of task characteristics as well as work organizational and e...
Renewable and distributed energy generation includes wind turbines, fuel cells, solar cells, and batteries. These distributed energy sources need special power converters in order to connect them to the grid and make the generated power available for...
This paper proposes a multi-level max-margin discriminative analysis (M3DA) framework, which takes both coarse and fine semantics into consideration, for the annotation of high-resolution satellite images. In order to generate more discriminative top...
In March 2018, a landslide in Hrvatska Kostajnica completely destroyed multiple households. The damage was extensive, and lives were endangered. The question remains: Can it happen again? To enhance the knowledge and understanding of the soil and roc...
Sustainability leadership aims at balancing short-term economic goals with long-term sustainable development goals by considering the interests of all stakeholders instead of just shareholders and focusing on a triple bottom line: people, planet, and...
31 December 2024
As healthcare and health services become increasingly digitized, individuals with low digital health literacy (DHL) may experience inequitable care and outcomes. We explored factors impacting DHL and recommendations for improvement from community hea...
In order to effectively solve the problem of heterogeneous design/manufacturing/service resources and isolation in the whole lifecycle and realize unified description of design/manufacturing/service resources and resource sharing across subjects and...
Real-world systems frequently exhibit hierarchical multipartite graph structures, yet existing graph neural network (GNN) approaches lack systematic frameworks for hyperparameter optimization in heterogeneous multi-level architectures, limiting their...
The relations between shyness and internalizing problems have been mainly explored at the individual level, with little known about its dynamics at the group level. This study aims to examine the mediating effect of individual-level sport engagement...
15 October 2021
Food insecurity and limited healthy food access are complex public health issues and warrant multi-level evaluations. The purpose of this paper was to present the overall study design and baseline results of the multi-pronged evaluation of a healthy...
Fine-grained Multimodal Named-Entity Recognition and Grounding (FMNERG) aims to extract entity–type–object triples from image–text pairs. However, existing methods still struggle with two major challenges: distinguishing semanticall...
The focus of fine-grained image classification tasks is to ignore interference information and grasp local features. This challenge is what the visual attention mechanism excels at. Firstly, we have constructed a two-level attention convolutional net...
Mamba-based point cloud networks process serialized point tokens with state space layers and offer efficient classification, yet their performance is largely determined by the quality of local tokens produced before serialization. Existing tokenizati...
10 January 2023
Background: Patient portals tethered to electronic health records (EHR) have become vital to patient engagement and better disease management, specifically among adults with multimorbidity. We determined individual and neighborhood factors associated...
Remote sensing semantic segmentation encounters several challenges, including scale variation, the coexistence of class similarity and intra-class diversity, difficulties in modeling long-range dependencies, and shadow occlusions. Slender structures...
China’s electricity market reform has unfolded over several decades within a complex multi-level governance system involving both central and provincial governments. Although prior studies recognize that central–local interactions shape t...
In the infrared remote sensing imaging system, the output of the detector is uneven, resulting in noticeable stripe noise in the image, which significantly reduces the image quality. Therefore, in response to the problem of establishing a variational...
Fine-grained visual classification (FGVC) requires models to distinguish subtle inter-class differences while remaining robust to substantial intra-class variations in pose and background. Hierarchical visual backbones improve semantic abstraction bu...
Quasi-2-level (Q2L) operation of multi-level bridge-legs, especially of flying-capacitor converters (FCC), is an interesting option for realizing single-cell power conversion in applications whose system voltages exceed the ratings of available power...
Although schools are known to play a major role in the spread of influenza virus, few studies have evaluated the effectiveness of vaccination and non-pharmaceutical measures for preventing influenza outbreaks in schools. We investigated all febrile i...
Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been widely used in hyperspectral image (HSI) classification. Many algorithms focus on the deep extraction of a single kind of feature to improve classification. There have been few studies on the deep extrac...
Although South Korea introduced the Pollutant Release and Transfer Register system in 1996, there is relatively limited evidence on how socioeconomic status at both individual and municipal levels is associated with exposure to toxic chemicals in Kor...
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