The present study aims to explore the technical feasibility of simulating in advance, and thus forecasting, the occurrence of low-level windshear at an airport in the complex terrain of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. Three cases of windshear at Xin...
The performance of the meteorological measurements of an Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) is studied in this paper by comparison with the simultaneous data collected by a wind mast, a radiosonde sensing package and ground-based, remote-sensing meteorol...
This paper documents a windshear case for an airport in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and explores, for the first time, the capability for high-resolution numerical weather simulation of the wind shear features. The windshear appears to be associated wit...
Increased computing power has made it possible to run simulations of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) numerical model in high spatial resolution. However, running high-resolution simulations requires a higher-detail mapping of landforms, la...
In the Himalayan regions of complex terrains, such as Himachal Pradesh, the occurrence of extreme rainfall events (EREs) has been increasing, triggering landslides and flash floods. Investigating the dynamics and precipitation characteristics and imp...
Both research-grade and operational numerical weather prediction models perform simulations with horizontal grid spacings as fine as 1 km, and their multi-scale terrain data have become increasingly important for high-resolution model forecasting. Th...
High-resolution gridded 2 m air temperature datasets are important input data for global and regional climate change studies, agrohydrologic model simulations and numerical weather predictions, etc. In this study, the digital elevation model (DEM) is...
Mediterranean tropical-like cyclones (MTLCs), commonly referred to as Medicanes, are high-impact weather systems characterized by complex interactions between baroclinic forcing and tropical-like processes. Despite growing interest, their vertical st...
With a potentially increasing share of the electricity grid relying on wind to provide generating capacity and energy, there is an expanding global need for historically accurate, spatiotemporally continuous, high-resolution wind data. Conventional d...
Realistic wind information is critical for accurate forecasts of landfalling hurricanes. In order to provide more realistic near-surface wind forecasts of hurricanes over coastal regions, high-resolution land–sea masks are considered. As a lead...
29 August 2023
Weather conditions affect the microclimate of architectural monuments. The alteration of microclimate conditions may create risks for monuments, accelerating their weathering process. For Greece, hosting numerous monuments, the identification of the...
This paper presents a single-channel atmospheric correction method for remotely sensed infrared (wavelength of 3–15 μm) images with various observation angles. The method is based on basic radiative transfer equations with a simple absorptio...
This study investigates high-resolution numerical weather modelling and large eddy simulations (LESs) for wind resource assessment in complex coastal mountainous terrain. The main purpose is to investigate strong-wind events, where earlier research i...
Land-surface characteristics (LSCs) and land-soil moisture conditions can modulate energy partition at the land surface, impact near-surface atmosphere conditions, and further affect land–atmosphere interactions. This study investigates the effect of...
The amount of solar irradiation that reaches Earth’s surface is a key quantity of solar energy research and is difficult to predict, because it is directly affected by the changing constituents of the atmosphere. The numerical weather predictio...
With the refinement of grid meshes in regional climate models permitted by the increase in computing power, the grid telescoping or cascade method, already used in numerical weather prediction, can be applied to achieve very high-resolution climate s...
Many methods for trajectory simulation, such as Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT), have been developed over the past several decades and contributed greatly to our knowledge in insect migratory movement. To improve the...
In recent years, the study of numerical weather prediction (NWP) in complex orographic areas has attracted a great deal of attention. Complex orography plays an important role in the occurrence and development of extreme rainfall events. In this stud...
The goal of this study is to investigate the impact of high-resolution SRTM and Corine Land Cover on the number of cloud–ground lightning flashes and their spatial distribution simulated by a numerical weather-prediction model. Two lightning ep...
We evaluate the near-surface representation of thermally driven winds in the Swiss Alps in a numerical weather prediction model at km-scale resolution. In addition, the influence of grid resolution (2.2 km and 1.1 km), topography filtering, and land...
Prediction of spatial and temporal variability of air temperature in areas with complex topography is still a challenge for numerical weather prediction models. Simulation of atmosphere over complex terrain requires dense and accurate horizontal and...
25 August 2023
The Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East (EMME) region is an exceptionally thermally vulnerable area, projected to suffer from frequent and severe heatwaves in the coming decades. To assess the impacts of climate change on the urban thermal environm...
The growth of air transport demand expected over the next decades, along with the increasing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, such as heavy rainfalls and severe storms due to climate change, will pose a tough challenge for air traff...
25 August 2023
The synoptic and dynamic characteristics of three extreme precipitation events over the area of Pieria are analyzed. The objective of this study is to identify similarities in structure, intensity and behavior of the synoptic patterns that were respo...
Accurate high-resolution precipitation forecasts are critical yet challenging for weather prediction under complex topography or severe synoptic forcing. Data fusion and assimilation aimed at improving model forecasts, as one possible approach, has g...
High-resolution precipitation forecasts play a pivotal role in formulating comprehensive disaster prevention and mitigation plans. As spatial resolution enhances, striking a balance between computation, storage, and simulation accuracy becomes impera...
Operating power systems with large amounts of renewables requires predicting future photovoltaic (PV) production with fine temporal and spatial resolution. State-of-the-art techniques combine numerical weather predictions with statistical post-proces...
On 6 June 2017, four severe clear-air turbulence (CAT) events were observed over northern China within 3 h. These events mainly occurred at altitudes between 8.1 and 9.5 km. The characteristics and possible mechanisms of the CAT events in the differe...
Meteotsunamis originating from atmospheric pressure disturbances have frequently occurred in oceans worldwide and their destructive long waves have recently threatened local coastal communities. In particular, meteotsunamis occurring in the Yellow Se...
In Korea, sudden cold weather in spring occurs repeatedly every year and causes severe damage to field crops and fruit trees. Detailed forecasting of the daily minimum or suddenly decreasing temperature, closely related to the local topography, has b...
24 August 2023
Numerical weather prediction models exhibit errors while simulating atmospheric processes. To provide alerts for weather hazards, early warning systems are fed with forecast data from these models. The success of such an early warning system requires...
Streamflow modelling is one of the most important elements for the management of water resources and flood control in the context of future climate change. With the advancement of numerical weather prediction and modern detection technologies, more a...
Although there has been substantial improvement to numerical weather prediction models, accurate predictions of tropical cyclone rapid intensification (RI) remain elusive. The processes that govern RI, such as convection, may be inherently less predi...
This paper introduces an innovative and eco-friendly computational methodology to assess the wind potential of a location with the aid of high-resolution simulations with a mesoscale numerical weather prediction model (WRF), coupled with the statisti...
Increased knowledge of the meteorological conditions that lead to mega-fires is important to prevent wildfires and improve firefighting. This study analyses the atmospheric conditions that led to the largest forest fire ever observed in Portugal in 2...
The Ice Cloud Imager (ICI) will be launched on the next generation of EUMETSAT polar-orbiting weather satellites and make passive observations between 183 and 664 GHz which are sensitive to scattering from cloud ice. These observations have the poten...
Offshore wind resource assessments for the conterminous U.S. and Hawai’i have been developed before, but Alaska’s offshore wind resource has never been rigorously assessed. Alaska, with its vast coastline, presents ample potential territo...
The understanding of the atmospheric processes in coastal areas requires the availability of quality datasets describing the vertical and horizontal spatial structure of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL) on either side of the coastline. High-resol...
This paper explores a method to combine the time and space continuity of a large-scale inundation model with discontinuous satellite microwave observations, for high-resolution flood hazard mapping. The assumption behind this approach is that hydra...
Several oil spill simulation models exist in the literature, which are used worldwide to simulate the evolution of an oil slick created from marine traffic, petroleum production, or other sources. These models may range from simple parametric calcula...
The atmospheric boundary layer is a crucial transitional region connecting the surface with the free atmosphere, playing a bridging role in land-sea-air interactions and the interactions between different atmospheric layers. This study utilizes rotar...
MISTiC Winds is an instrument and constellation mission approach to simultaneously observe the global thermodynamic state and the vertically resolved horizontal wind field in the troposphere from LEO SSO. The instrument is a wide-field imaging spectr...
Planetary boundary layer (PBL) flow over complex terrain during a cold surge event was investigated using 3-hourly radiosonde measurements in upwind, near ridge, and downwind locations of mountains in the northeastern part of Republic of Korea and us...
17 June 2019
Large wildfires are an increasing threat to the western U.S. In the 2017 fire season, extensive wildfires occurred across the Pacific Northwest (PNW). To evaluate public health impacts of wildfire smoke, we integrated numerical simulations and observ...
Recent studies have reported a rapid increase in short-duration, high-intensity rainfall over the Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA), primarily associated with mesoscale convective systems (MCSs), highlighting the need for high-resolution and multi-platfo...
This study shows how satellite-based passive and active microwave (MW) sensors can be used in conjunction with high-resolution Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) simulations to provide insights of the precipitation structure of the tropical-like cycl...
The feasibility of a hurricane initialization framework based on the Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation (GSI)-based four-dimensional ensemble-variational (GSI-4DEnVar) hybrid data assimilation system for the Hurricane Weather Research and Forecastin...
High-precision temperature prediction is crucial for dealing with extreme weather events under the background of global warming. However, due to the limitations of computing resources, numerical weather prediction models are difficult to directly pro...
Hyperspectral infrared sounders provide valuable observations for numerical weather prediction (NWP), but their native nadir spatial resolution of approximately 12–16 km is coarser than the approximately 4 km grid spacing commonly used in conve...
This paper reports on the study of turbulence at various locations in Hong Kong during Typhoon Wipha in July 2025, including turbulence intensity based on Doppler Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) systems and radiosondes, observations by microclima...
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