This work explores NH3/air non-premixed combustion in a mixing layer, with the objective of quantifying the influence of key parameters on ignition and flame dynamics. A series of two-dimensional simulations were conducted with forced ignition. The e...
Over recent years, much attention has been paid to the performance evaluation of industrial-type burners. The ignition and stable combustion process are of great significance in assessing the quality of burner. The planar laser-induced fluorescence (...
In this paper, we analyze the auto-ignition process of hydrogen in a hot oxidizer stream composed of oxygen–nitrogen and oxygen–water vapor with nitrogen/water vapor mass fractions in a range of 0.1–0.9. The temperature of the oxidi...
This paper presents the results of the estimation of the priming mixture force for primers used in 12.7 mm ammunition. The method of estimation is based on the results of pressure measurements in a closed chamber into which the products of the combus...
Vitiation air heater (VAH) combustion characteristics for a direct-connect scramjet combustor (DCSC) were experimentally studied. The VAH consists of a head, modular chamber, and circular-to-rectangular shape transition (CRST) nozzle. The CRST nozzle...
This study investigates the minimum ignition temperature of smoldering paper scraps with varying bulk densities and lengths under different external airflow rates. Paper scraps of different lengths were compressed to modify the bulk density within th...
An active prechamber turbulent ignition system is a forced ignition method for internal combustion engines fueled with low reactivity fuels, i.e., natural gas and gasoline, which could expand the lean-burn limit, promote flame propagation, and ensure...
Microscale combustion has potential application in a micro power generator. This paper studied the ignition and combustion behavior of individual graphite microparticles in a micro-combustor to explore the utilization of carbon-based fuels at the mic...
A study on forced ignition characteristics of RP-3 jet fuel-air mixture was conducted around a constant volume combustion vessel and a nanosecond pulsed plasma discharge power supply. Experiments were carried out at different initial pressures (pu =...
Horizontal oil tanks, like other oil storage containers, carry the risk of explosion when gasoline–air mixtures are ignited. With the widespread application of horizontal oil tanks in the petrochemical industry, attention to safety risks is inc...
The injection timing of fuel in a diesel engine affects the combustion condition. Advanced fuel injection prolongs the ignition delay, positively impacting the increase in maximum combustion pressure and improving output. However, excessively advance...
The need for energy resources that do not belong to the group of fossil fuels and a wide availability of various low-calorific gases leads humanity to search for solutions to adapt external sources of force that would allow for the use of these resou...
Wildland fires and wildland urban-interface (WUI) fires have become a significant problem in recent years. The mechanisms of home ignition in WUI fires are direct flame contact, thermal radiation, and firebrand attack. Out of these three fire spread...
Strict emission regulations and demand for better fuel economy are driving forces for finding advanced engines that will be able to replace the conventional internal combustion engines in the near future. Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI...
Increasingly stringent pollutant emission limits and CO2 reduction policies are forcing the automotive industry toward cleaner and decarbonized mobility. The goal is to achieve carbon neutrality within 2050 and limit global warming to 2 °C (possi...
This paper analyses the transient characteristics and breaking performance of direct-current (DC) forced-interruption vacuum interrupters in 270 V power-supply systems. Three stages are identified in forced interruption: the DC-arcing stage, current-...
Spontaneous combustion of charcoal is still not fully understood, generating uncertainties among producers, regulatory agencies, and the scientific community. This study evaluated the influence of final pyrolysis temperature (350, 450, 550, and 650 &...
In this work, studies were performed on oxidative stability by determining the transmittance spectra, the components and trichomatic coordinates, and the color differences for grape seed oils (GSO) subjected to a forced oxidation treatment at tempera...
Due to fault currents occurring in electrical installations, high electromagnetic force values may be induced in current paths of low-voltage electromagnetic relays. This force may lead to an electromagnetic bounce that will further result in an elec...
Glued wood is one of the most commonly used materials made of wood. Glued wood has many advantages related to its strength characteristics and operation. Nevertheless, due to the use of an adhesive base, it becomes necessary to carefully approach the...
Fires are considered among the most dangerous accidents on manned spacecraft. That is why several programs of combustion experiments were implemented at the International Space Station (ISS) since 2008. In the experiments with n-heptane and n-dodecan...
This article reviews the state of the knowledge and technology in the field of friction-loss measurements in internal combustion piston engines. The dependencies that describe the loss of energy in combustion engines and injection apparatus are prese...
This paper presents a new design strategy for the passive vibration suppression of a single-cylindrical engine (SCE) through multi-objective evolutionary optimisation. The vibration causes machine damages and human pain, which are unsustainable probl...
The article presents the results of research in the field of limiting the effects of overvoltages and improving the conditions for the self-extinguishing of transient faults in medium voltage networks with earth fault current compensation. The aim of...
This work focuses on forced combustion with regards to the relationship between vent mixer models and several injection locations in unheated supersonic flow. A plasma jet torch was used to ignite the hydrogen-air mixture in a laboratory-scaled combu...
The paper reports on research focused on the use of largely available carbonaceous materials, such as graphite, carbon black and chars, as thermoelectric materials for micro-generation at high temperature. The key feature is the possibility to ignite...
Internal combustion engines are among the most commonly used propulsion units for drive systems in various industries such as land transportation, maritime transportation, and power generation. Their operation involves a continuous change of technica...
Nanothermites have found broad applications; however, due to being systems largely reacting in condensed phases, their performance is somewhat limited by heat and mass transfer. In order to alleviate this issue, nanothermites doped with gas-generatin...
A combination of airbag, seatbelt, and other restraint systems greatly reduces injury to drivers in small offset collisions. However, the airbag causes accidental injury to the driver in the deployment process. To maximize the protection effect of th...
Ag/Ni composite contact materials are widely used in low-voltage switches, appliances, instruments, and high-precision contacts due to their good electrical conductivity and processing properties. The addition of small amounts of additives can effect...
Cycle-to-cycle variations (CCV) in spark-ignited (SI) engines impose performance limitations and in the extreme limit can lead to very strong, potentially damaging cycles. Thus, CCV force sub-optimal engine operating conditions. A deeper understandin...
Development of the combustion process in the gaseous mixtures of near-limit composition is of great interest for fundamental aspects of combustion theory and fire-safety applications. The dynamics of ultra-lean gaseous flames in near-limit mixtures i...
In this study, 19 experiments were conducted with 25 pouch cells of NMC cathode to investigate thermal runaway and the release of gases from lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Single cells, double cells, and a four-cell battery stack were forced to underg...
Homogeneously charged compression ignition is a promising combustion process that is proven to increase combustion efficiency and decrease exhaust emissions when compared to Otto or Diesel engine efficiencies and emissions. The HCCI process can be co...
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyhexafluoropropylene (PHFP) and polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) were heated to their decomposition temperature in a high vacuum. The emitted fragments passed an electron cloud, condensed on a substrate and forme...
Spontaneous ignition caused by material discharge inside a silo causes considerable economic damage. To prevent this, we developed a silo hotspot detector that can be installed inside the silo to monitor the temperature according to the depth of the...
Due to the abrasive nature of the material, the conventional machining of CFRP composites is typically characterised by high mechanical forces and poor tool life, which can have a detrimental effect on workpiece surface quality, mechanical properties...
The complex unsteady flow in cavities leads to the formation of large-scale disturbances in the shear layer. Natural closed-loop mechanisms provoke a dramatic increase in pressure pulsations and aerodynamic noise. This paper presents the experimental...
This research investigated potential fire hazards originating in hidden areas of pressurized sections of aircrafts. The objective was to establish a laboratory-scale flammability test method to predict the behavior of fire propagation under real fire...
The paper presents a study of the relationship between the combustion behavior and vibration response of internal combustion (IC) engines fueled with biodiesel based on finite element modelling along with experimental evaluation. An improved finite e...
In this paper, the applications of thermoplastic, thermoset polymers, and a brief description of the functions of each subsystem are reviewed. The synthetic route and characteristics of polymeric materials are presented. The mechanical properties of...
Within the ever-changing manufacturing landscape of China, corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a key factor influencing environmental performance. Knowing the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) efforts and environmental r...
Energy sustainability and environmental issues pose greater challenges on different primary energy sectors as the global energy demand increases and it is projected to further increase with an upsurge in population. On the other hand, energy sources...
The introduction of new Euro exhaust emission standards and CO2 limits has forced carmakers to implement alternative hybrid and electric powertrains. We are observing a dynamic advancement of this sector. The authors’ primary motivation was to perfor...
This paper presents the results of numerical simulation of a model combustion chamber of a pulse detonation engine using the authors’ developed software package. The main goal of the present study is to numerically investigate the effects of cy...
Flame retardant systems based on bio-sourced products combine quite high fire performances with the low environmental impact related to their synthesis and exploitation. In this context, this work describes a new all bio-sourced flame retardant syste...
Buoyant unstable behavior in initially spherical lean hydrogen-air premixed flames within a center-ignited combustion vessel have been studied experimentally under a wide range of pressures (including reduced, normal, and elevated pressures). The exp...
The impact of Euro 4 compression ignition engines over the air quality in Europe has been analyzed in this work by comparing them with Euro 6d emissions regulation. The Euro 6d diesel engine has been chosen as the preferred replacement according to i...
The ever-increasing demands for the use of fiber-optic sensors powered by long optical fibers is forcing developers to solve problems associated with powering these remote sensors. Due to their non-electric character, these sensors are suitable for m...
Hybrid rockets are safe and inexpensive; however, boundary-layer combustion poses a problem in achieving a fuel regression rate equivalent to that of solid propellants. The fundamental combustion conditions, such as the fuel regression rate of LT421,...
of 2