The epicardium is an epithelial monolayer that plays a central role in heart development and the myocardial response to injury. Recent developments in our understanding of epicardial cell biology have revealed this layer to be a dynamic participant i...
The mammary gland is composed of epithelial tissue forming ducts and lobules, and the stroma, composed of adipocytes, connective tissue, and other cell types. The stromal microenvironment regulates mammary gland development by paracrine and cell&ndas...
The epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a central role in both normal physiological events (e.g., embryonic development) and abnormal pathological events (e.g., tumor formation and metastasis). The processes that occur in embryonic developm...
Dynamic modifications on RNA, frequently termed both, “RNA epigenetics” and “epitranscriptomics”, offer one of the most exciting emerging areas of gene regulation and biomedicine. Similar to chromatin-based epigenetic mechanisms, writers, readers, an...
The pathophysiology of CRS is multifactorial and complex yet needs to be completed. Recent evidence emphasizes the crucial part played by epithelial cells in the development of CRS. The epithelial cells act as physical barriers and play crucial roles...
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process that allows epithelial cells to progressively acquire a reversible mesenchymal phenotype. Here, we recount the main events in the history of EMT. EMT was first studied during embryonic developme...
Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and mesenchymal–epithelial transition (MET) are evolutionarily conserved cellular processes defined by reversible conversions between epithelial and mesenchymal phenotypes. As dynamic regulatory pro...
Papillomaviruses have evolved over many millions of years to propagate themselves at specific epithelial niches in a range of different host species. This has led to the great diversity of papillomaviruses that now exist, and to the appearance of dis...
Vertebrate postembryonic development is regulated by thyroid hormone (T3). Of particular interest is anuran metamorphosis, which offers several unique advantages for studying the role of T3 and its two nuclear receptor genes, TRα and TRβ, during post...
The ConcePTION project aims at generating further knowledge about the risks related to the use of medication during breastfeeding, as this information is lacking for most commonly used drugs. Taking into consideration multiple aspects, the pig model...
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a central process during embryonic development that affects selected progenitor cells of all three germ layers. In addition to driving the onset of cellular migrations and subsequent tissue morphogenesis,...
Background: Asian sand dust (ASD) and Aspergillus fumigatus are known risk factors for airway mucosal inflammatory diseases. Bacterial and fungal biofilms commonly coexist in chronic rhinosinusitis and fungus balls. We evaluated the effects of ASD on...
Inflammation plays a role in the initiation and development of many types of cancers, including epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC), a type of EOC. There are connections between EOC and both peritoneal and ovul...
The demand for human bioengineered tissue constructs is growing in response to the worldwide movement away from the use of animals for testing of new chemicals, drug screening and household products. Presently, constructs are manufactured and deliver...
Tooth development and regeneration occur through reciprocal interactions between epithelial and ectodermal mesenchymal stem cells. However, the current studies on tooth development are limited, since epithelial stem cells are relatively difficult to...
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive tumor mainly associated with asbestos exposure and is characterized by a very difficult pharmacological approach. One of the molecular mechanisms associated with cancer onset and invasiveness is t...
Here we report the use of a microfluidic system to assess the differential metabolomics of murine embryos cultured with endometrial cells-conditioned media (CM). Groups of 10, 1-cell murine B6C3F1 × B6D2F1 embryos were cultured in the microfluidic de...
Background: This study aims to investigate: (a) the putative association between the presence of microcalcifications and the expression of both epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and bone biomarkers, (b) the role of microcalcifications in the breas...
Respiratory diseases have a major impact on global health. The airway epithelium, which acts as a frontline defence, is one of the most common targets for inhaled allergens, irritants, or micro-organisms to enter the respiratory system. In the tissue...
The thymus is the most sensitive organ under various pathophysiological conditions, such as aging, starvation, and infection. As a key stromal cell for T cell development, it is well-known that thymic epithelial cells (TECs) play an important role in...
Due to the continuing high impact of lung diseases on society and the emergence of new respiratory viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2, there is a great need for in vitro lung models that more accurately recapitulate the in vivo situation than current models...
Background/Objectives: Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) constitutes the predominant form of ovarian malignancies. The primary goal of this study was to determine predictors of patient survival and construct a nomogram for survival prediction in indivi...
It is currently impossible to perform an evidence-based risk assessment for medication use during breastfeeding. The ConcePTION project aims to provide information about the use of medicines during lactation. The study aimed to develop and characteri...
Background/Objectives: To develop and temporally validate staged models for predicting acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) after thymic epithelial tumour resection. Methods: This single-centre retrospective study included 596 adults with patho...
The mechanisms driving the crown-to-root transition in tooth development remain incompletely understood, particularly the functional heterogeneity of dental epithelium. To address this gap and deconstruct this complexity, we aimed to analyze dental e...
Cellular plasticity is a phenomenon where cells adopt different identities during development and tissue homeostasis as a response to physiological and pathological conditions. This review provides a general introduction to processes by which cells c...
The mechanism of H. pylori-induced atrophy and metaplasia has not been fully understood. Here, we demonstrate the novel role of Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) and downstream MAPKs as a regulator of host immune responses and epithelial ma...
Daily exposure to blue light emitted by digital devices has raised concerns about oxidative stress-mediated damage to the ocular surface. Despite growing interest, validated in vitro models to study blue light-induced oxidative stress in corneal epit...
The environmental and occupational risk we confront from agricultural chemicals increases as their presence in natural habitats rises to hazardous levels, building a major part of the exposome. This is of particular concern in low- and middle-income...
Chronic inflammation has been closely linked to the development and progression of various cancers. The epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process involving the acquisition of mesenchymal features by carcinoma cells and is an importan...
The rumen is an important hallmark organ of ruminants and plays an important role in the metabolism and immune barrier of Tibetan sheep on the Plateau. However, there are few studies on rumen development and metabolism regulation in Tibetan sheep at...
Background: It is difficult to make a definite diagnosis of borderline epithelial ovarian tumors before surgery. In order to avoid incorrectly classifying tumors as benign, a differential diagnosis model was developed to distinguish between benign an...
Raf kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP) plays a critical role in many signaling pathways as a multi-functional adapter protein. In particular, the loss of RKIP’s function in certain types of cancer cells results in epithelial to mesenchymal transit...
The lens of the eye is one of the most radiosensitive tissues. Although the exact mechanism of radiation-induced cataract development remains unknown, altered proliferation, migration, and adhesion have been proposed as factors. Lens epithelial cells...
Background/Objectives: The Reelin–Dab1 signaling pathway, known for its crucial role in neurodevelopment, particularly in neuronal migration and the formation of cortical layers, has been a subject of extensive research. However, its involvemen...
Background: Food allergy is an important health concern, particularly during infancy and early childhood. Its development reflects complex interactions between genetic susceptibility and early-life nutritional, microbial, epithelial, immunological, a...
Background: Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is the most common complication after cataract surgery, in which increased levels of transforming growth factor-beta 2 (TGF-β2) accelerate PCO formation; however, the pathological mechanisms are...
Over two decades of studies on small noncoding RNA molecules illustrate the significance of microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) in controlling multiple physiological and pathological functions through post-transcriptional and spatiotemporal gene expression. Amon...
Within this review, sex-specific differences in alveolar epithelial functions are discussed with special focus on preterm infants and the respiratory disorders associated with premature birth. First, a short overview about fetal lung development, the...
T cells develop in the thymus, which provides an essential environment for T cell fate specification, and for the differentiation of multipotent progenitor cells into major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted, non-autoreactive T cells. Here w...
Weaning in ruminants is characterized by the transition from a milk-based diet to a solid diet, which drives a critical gastrointestinal tract transformation. Understanding the regulatory control of this transformation during weaning can help to iden...
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is an immune-mediated disorder that affects the liver parenchyma. Diagnosis usually occurs at the later stages of the disease, complicating efforts towards understanding the causes of disease development. While animal model...
Background/Objectives: A preventative vaccine against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection and disease remains an unmet medical need. Several attenuated virus and antigen-based HCMV vaccine candidates have been proposed; however, development challe...
Periodontal organoid research remains underdeveloped, largely due to the lack of standardized fabrication protocols and multicellular constructs capable of reproducing epithelial–mesenchymal interactions relevant to periodontal biology. In part...
Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (aGPCRs) comprise the second-largest class of GPCRs, the most common target for approved pharmacological therapies. aGPCRs play an important role in development and disease and have recently been associated with t...
Cigarette smoking is the main cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer. The present study was aimed to explore the chemopreventive effect of ursolic acid (UA) on these diseases. In the CSE treated normal human bronchial epitheli...
Mild heat stress (39 °C–40 °C) can positively regulate cell proliferation and differentiation. Indeed, mild heat treatment at 39 °C enhances the less-permeable tight junctions (TJs) formation and milk production in mammary epithelia...
Despite the promising potential of cell-based therapies developed using tissue engineering techniques to treat a wide range of diseases, including limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD), which leads to corneal blindness, their commercialization remains c...
Asbestos exposure increases the risk of asbestosis and malignant mesothelioma (MM). Both fibrosis and cancer have been correlated with the Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT)—an event involved in fibrotic development and cancer progressi...
Tooth loss has been found to adversely affect not just masticatory and speech functions, but also psychological health and quality of life. Currently, teeth replacement options include dentures, bridges, and implants. However, these artificial replac...
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