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Membranes
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Functionalized and Composite Polymeric Membranes for Biomedical Applications
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Functionalized and Composite Polymeric Membranes for Biomedical Applications

A special issue of Membranes (ISSN 2077-0375). This special issue belongs to the section "Polymeric Membranes".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 November 2020) | Viewed by 28959

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Stefan Ioan Voicu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Advanced Polymer Materials Group, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
2. Department of Analytical Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
Interests: synthesis and characterisation of polymeric membranes; biomedical applications of polymeric membranes; functionalization and derivatization of carbon-based nanospecies
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Since the first synthetic membranes were made by Bechhold in 1907, membrane materials and processes have known continuous development for and thanks to a multitude of practical applications. After a slow start stemming from lack of knowledge of polymer chemistry and physical chemistry of polymer solutions, membrane synthesis took off as a technological solution to filter and purify water after the end of World War II. As a result of their main role as separation functional materials, these materials attracted researchers within the biomedical field. Starting with Prof. Georg Haas, who was the pioneer of hemodialysis experiments, more and more applications have been developed, such as artificial oxygenators and drug delivery systems.The aim of this Special Issue is to deliver new insights into recent advances in membrane applications within the biomedical field. We look forward to receiving submissions describing original research or focused reviews related to the design, materials, synthesis methods, characterization, and process developments of polymeric membranes. This can include:

- Functionalized membranes for the biomedical field;

- Composite membranes for the biomedical field;

- Biomimetic membranes;

- Membranes for hemodialysis;

- Membranes for osseointegration;

- Cytotoxicity evaluation of membranes;

- Membranes for pharmaceutical processes and industry;

- Membranes for artificial livers or lungs;

- Drug delivery with membranes.

Prof. Dr. Stefan Ioan Voicu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Membranes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • hemodialysis
  • osseointegration
  • cytotoxicity
  • pharmaceutical processes and industry
  • artificial liver or lung
  • drug delivery
  • functionalized membranes
  • composite membranes

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 926 KiB  
Article
Lanolin-Based Synthetic Membranes for Transdermal Permeation and Penetration Drug Delivery Assays
by Cristina Alonso, Ilaria Collini, Meritxell Martí, Clara Barba and Luisa Coderch
Membranes 2021, 11(6), 444; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11060444 - 15 Jun 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2535
Abstract
Due to the high similarity in composition and structure between lanolin and human SC lipids, we will work with two models from wool wax. Two types of lanolin were evaluated: one extracted with water and surfactants (WEL) and the other extracted with organic [...] Read more.
Due to the high similarity in composition and structure between lanolin and human SC lipids, we will work with two models from wool wax. Two types of lanolin were evaluated: one extracted with water and surfactants (WEL) and the other extracted with organic solvents (SEL). Skin permeation and skin penetration studies were performed with two active compounds to study the feasibility of the use of lanolin-based synthetic membranes as models of mammalian skin. Diclofenac sodium and lidocaine were selected as the active compounds considering that they have different chemical natures and different lipophilicities. In the permeation assay with SEL, a better correlation was obtained with the less permeable compound diclofenac sodium. This assay suggests the feasibility of using artificial membranes with SEL as a model for percutaneous absorption studies, even though the lipophilic barrier should be improved. Penetration profiles of the APIs through the SEL and WEL membranes indicated that the two membranes diminish penetration and can be considered good membrane surrogates for skin permeability studies. However, the WEL membranes, with a pH value similar to that of the skin surface, promoted a higher degree of diminution of the permeability of the two drugs, similar to those found for the skin. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functionalized and Composite Polymeric Membranes for Biomedical Applications)
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12 pages, 1924 KiB  
Article
Extraction of Nicotine from Tobacco Leaves and Development of Fast Dissolving Nicotine Extract Film
by Kantaporn Kheawfu, Adchareeya Kaewpinta, Wisinee Chanmahasathien, Pornchai Rachtanapun and Pensak Jantrawut
Membranes 2021, 11(6), 403; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11060403 - 28 May 2021
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 12642
Abstract
Nicotine (NCT), administered in the form of a fast dissolving oral delivery system, can be a potential alternative to nicotine replacement therapy. NCT was extracted by maceration and acid-base extraction methods from Burley tobacco leaves with different stalk positions and extraction yield and [...] Read more.
Nicotine (NCT), administered in the form of a fast dissolving oral delivery system, can be a potential alternative to nicotine replacement therapy. NCT was extracted by maceration and acid-base extraction methods from Burley tobacco leaves with different stalk positions and extraction yield and NCT content were further determined. The extract with the highest nicotine content was selected for incorporation into a fast dissolving film formulation. The optimized film was evaluated for its physical and mechanical properties, in vitro disintegration, and drug release profile. The results demonstrated that the extract from the upper part of tobacco leaves using the acid-base extraction method had the highest amount of NCT. NCT fast dissolving film consisting of this extract as the active ingredient and HPMC E15 as a film polymer resulted in a homogeneous translucent film with a light brown color. The addition of NCT significantly affected the film properties in terms of weight, disintegration time, tensile strength, percentage elongation at break, and Young’s modulus values. The drug release of NCT fast dissolving film showed a rapid initial release of 80% within three minutes, and its kinetics followed the Higuchi matrix model. The results suggest that these NCT films can be employed in the development of NCT fast dissolving films for clinical use. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functionalized and Composite Polymeric Membranes for Biomedical Applications)
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18 pages, 11051 KiB  
Article
Development of an In Vitro Airway Epithelial–Endothelial Cell Culture Model on a Flexible Porous Poly(Trimethylene Carbonate) Membrane Based on Calu-3 Airway Epithelial Cells and Lung Microvascular Endothelial Cells
by Thijs Pasman, Danielle Baptista, Sander van Riet, Roman K. Truckenmüller, Pieter S. Hiemstra, Robbert J. Rottier, Naomi M. Hamelmann, Jos M. J. Paulusse, Dimitrios Stamatialis and André A. Poot
Membranes 2021, 11(3), 197; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11030197 - 11 Mar 2021
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 5430
Abstract
Due to the continuing high impact of lung diseases on society and the emergence of new respiratory viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2, there is a great need for in vitro lung models that more accurately recapitulate the in vivo situation than current models based [...] Read more.
Due to the continuing high impact of lung diseases on society and the emergence of new respiratory viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2, there is a great need for in vitro lung models that more accurately recapitulate the in vivo situation than current models based on lung epithelial cell cultures on stiff membranes. Therefore, we developed an in vitro airway epithelial–endothelial cell culture model based on Calu-3 human lung epithelial cells and human lung microvascular endothelial cells (LMVECs), cultured on opposite sides of flexible porous poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) membranes. Calu-3 cells, cultured for two weeks at an air–liquid interface (ALI), showed good expression of the tight junction (TJ) protein Zonula Occludens 1 (ZO-1). LMVECs cultured submerged for three weeks were CD31-positive, but the expression was diffuse and not localized at the cell membrane. Barrier functions of the Calu-3 cell cultures and the co-cultures with LMVECs were good, as determined by electrical resistance measurements and fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FITC-dextran) permeability assays. Importantly, the Calu-3/LMVEC co-cultures showed better cell viability and barrier function than mono-cultures. Moreover, there was no evidence for epithelial- and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT and EndoMT, respectively) based on staining for the mesenchymal markers vimentin and α-SMA, respectively. These results indicate the potential of this new airway epithelial–endothelial model for lung research. In addition, since the PTMC membrane is flexible, the model can be expanded by introducing cyclic stretch for enabling mechanical stimulation of the cells. Furthermore, the model can form the basis for biomimetic airway epithelial–endothelial and alveolar–endothelial models with primary lung epithelial cells. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functionalized and Composite Polymeric Membranes for Biomedical Applications)
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17 pages, 2782 KiB  
Article
In Vitro Evaluation of Polihexanide, Octenidine and NaClO/HClO-Based Antiseptics against Biofilm Formed by Wound Pathogens
by Grzegorz Krasowski, Adam Junka, Justyna Paleczny, Joanna Czajkowska, Elżbieta Makomaska-Szaroszyk, Grzegorz Chodaczek, Michał Majkowski, Paweł Migdał, Karol Fijałkowski, Beata Kowalska-Krochmal and Marzenna Bartoszewicz
Membranes 2021, 11(1), 62; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11010062 - 17 Jan 2021
Cited by 29 | Viewed by 3639
Abstract
Chronic wounds complicated with biofilm formed by pathogens remain one of the most significant challenges of contemporary medicine. The application of topical antiseptic solutions against wound biofilm has been gaining increasing interest among clinical practitioners and scientific researchers. This paper compares the activity [...] Read more.
Chronic wounds complicated with biofilm formed by pathogens remain one of the most significant challenges of contemporary medicine. The application of topical antiseptic solutions against wound biofilm has been gaining increasing interest among clinical practitioners and scientific researchers. This paper compares the activity of polyhexanide-, octenidine- and hypochlorite/hypochlorous acid-based antiseptics against biofilm formed by clinical strains of Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The analyses included both standard techniques utilizing polystyrene plates and self-designed biocellulose-based models in which a biofilm formed by pathogens was formed on an elastic, fibrinous surface covered with a fibroblast layer. The obtained results show high antibiofilm activity of polihexanide- and octenidine-based antiseptics and lack or weak antibiofilm activity of hypochlorite-based antiseptic of total chlorine content equal to 80 parts per million. The data presented in this paper indicate that polihexanide- or octenidine-based antiseptics are highly useful in the treatment of biofilm, while hypochlorite-based antiseptics with low chlorine content may be applied for wound rinsing but not when specific antibiofilm activity is required. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functionalized and Composite Polymeric Membranes for Biomedical Applications)
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17 pages, 1540 KiB  
Article
Formulation of Orally Disintegrating Films as an Amorphous Solid Solution of a Poorly Water-Soluble Drug
by Pattaraporn Panraksa, Pratchaya Tipduangta, Kittisak Jantanasakulwong and Pensak Jantrawut
Membranes 2020, 10(12), 376; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes10120376 - 27 Nov 2020
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3766
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to develop an orally disintegrating film (ODF) for a poorly water-soluble drug, phenytoin (PHT), using the cosolvent solubilization technique to achieve the amorphization of the drug, followed by the preparation of ODFs. Eleven formulations were prepared [...] Read more.
The objective of the present study was to develop an orally disintegrating film (ODF) for a poorly water-soluble drug, phenytoin (PHT), using the cosolvent solubilization technique to achieve the amorphization of the drug, followed by the preparation of ODFs. Eleven formulations were prepared with different polymers, such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and high methoxyl pectin (HMP) by the solvent casting method. The prepared films were subjected to characterization for weight variations, thickness, surface pH, disintegration time and mechanical strength properties. Then, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction analysis and the drug release patterns of the selected films were evaluated. Among the prepared formulations, the formulation composed of 1% w/w of PVA, 0.04% w/w of sodium starch glycolate with polyethylene glycol 400, glycerin and water as cosolvents (PVA-S4) showed promising results. The physical appearance and mechanical strength properties were found to be good. The PVA-S4 film was clear and colorless with a smooth surface. The surface pH was found to be around 7.47 and the in vitro disintegration time was around 1.44 min. The drug content of the PVA-S4 film was 100.27%. X-ray diffractometry and thermal analysis confirmed the transition of phenytoin in the PVA-S4 film into a partially amorphous state during film preparation using the cosolvent solubilization approach. The resulting PVA-S4 film showed a higher dissolution rate in comparison to the film without a cosolvent. Overall, this study indicated the influence of cosolvents on enhancing the solubility of a poorly water-soluble drug and its film dissolution. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functionalized and Composite Polymeric Membranes for Biomedical Applications)
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