Multi-enzyme cascade reactions for the synthesis of complex products have gained importance in recent decades. Their advantages compared to single biotransformations include the possibility to synthesize complex molecules without purification of reac...
The Michaelis–Menten equation (MME) has been extensively used in biochemical reactions, but it is not appropriate when the reaction product inhibits the enzyme. Under these circumstances, each determined initial velocity, v0, is one experimental poin...
Enzymes play a fundamental role in many biological processes. We present a theoretical approach to investigate the catalytic power of the haloalkane dehalogenase reaction with 1,2-dichloroethane. By removing the three main active-site residues one by...
Nelson–Somogyi and 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) assays are the classical analytical methods for the determination of activity of starch-debranching enzymes, however, they have a narrow detection range and do not adapt to the quantitative mea...
Tumor cell-derived exosomes are considered a potential source of cancer biomarkers. Here, we developed an electrochemical sensing platform for the rapid and simple detection of exosomes, using the CCRF-CEM exosome as a model. The platform utilizes cy...
A novel, high performance, and scalable immobilization protocol using a laminar jet break-up technique was developed for the production of polyelectrolyte complex beads with entrapped viable Escherichia coli cells expressing an enzyme cascade of alco...
Cells have developed intelligent systems to implement the complex and efficient enzyme cascade reactions via the strategies of organelles, bacterial microcompartments and enzyme complexes. The scaffolds such as the membrane or protein in the cell are...
Enzyme-powered nanomotors have attracted significant attention in materials science and biomedicine for their biocompatibility, versatility, and the use of biofuels in biological environments. Here, we employ a hybrid mesoscale method combining molec...
Most enzyme reactions involve formation and cleavage of covalent bonds, while electrostatic effects, as well as dynamics of the active site and surrounding protein regions, may also be crucial. Accordingly, special computational methods are needed to...
Jet-cutting—the most powerful immobilization technique—was utilized for the entrapment of recombinant E. coli cells expressing a cascade of enzymes, including alcohol dehydrogenase, enoate reductase, and cyclohexanone monooxygenase, withi...
We report the preparation, characterization and application of a novel magnetic four-enzyme nanobiocatalyst prepared by the simultaneous covalent co-immobilization of cellulase (CelDZ1), β-glucosidase (bgl), glucose oxidase (GOx) and horseradish...
In vitro enzyme cascades possess great benefits, such as their synthetic capabilities for complex molecules, no need for intermediate isolation, and the shift of unfavorable equilibria towards the products. Their performance, however, can be impaired...
Demand for greener and safer chemistries has driven the innovation of bioinspired and enzyme-mimicking catalysts for selective and efficient oxidation and hydrogenation under mild conditions. Natural catalysts, including peroxidases, oxidases, hydrog...
Ever since the first structure of an enzyme, lysozyme, was solved, scientists have been eager to explore how these molecules perform their catalytic function. There has been an overwhelmingly large body of publications that report the X-ray structure...
Enormous interest in biocatalysis in non-aqueous phase has recently been triggered due to the merits of good enantioselectivity, reverse thermodynamic equilibrium, and no water-dependent side reactions. It has been demonstrated that enzyme has high a...
Hydrogels with spatiotemporally tunable mechanical properties have been increasingly employed for studying the impact of tissue mechanics on cell fate processes. These dynamic hydrogels are particularly suitable for recapitulating the temporal stiffe...
Resveratrol is a promising ingredient in functional food products, but its low bioavailability and solubility hinder its application. Polydatin, a 3-OH glycosylation of resveratrol, has been shown to exhibit enhanced bioavailability and more favorabl...
27 December 2019
Weekly rifapentine and isoniazid therapy (3HP) is the most frequent treatment for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). However, the association between major adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and drug metabolic enzyme single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SN...
The enzymatic hydrolysis of triglycerides with lipases (EC 3.1.1.3.) involves substrates from both water and oil phases, with the enzyme molecules adsorbed at the water-oil (w/o) interface. The reaction rate depends on lipase concentration at the int...
Post-transition state bifurcation (PTSB) is a fundamental process in which a single transition state leads to multiple products. This phenomenon is important in both biological and chemical contexts and offers valuable insights into reaction mechanis...
Lipid liquid crystalline mesophases, resulting from the self-assembly of polymorphic lipids in water, have been widely explored as biocompatible drug delivery systems. In this respect, non-lamellar structures are particularly attractive: they are cha...
In recent years, an increasing number of published articles on biocatalysis have reported new enzymes that exhibit biotechnologically interesting catalytic activities. Some authors rush to publish their work in an attempt to ensure “novelty&rdq...
In recent years, a great deal of attention has been paid by the scientific community to improving the efficiency of photosynthetic carbon assimilation, plant growth and biomass production in order to achieve a higher crop productivity. Therefore, the...
An important microbial enzymatic pathway in the gut is choline/phosphatidylcholine degradation in which intestinal microbes utilize dietary choline to produce TMA via the choline utilization cluster polypeptide C (CutC) enzyme, a member of the glycyl...
Enzymatic nanoreactors are enzyme-encapsulated nanobodies that are capable of performing biosynthetic or catabolic reactions. For this paper, we focused on therapeutic enzyme nanoreactors for the neutralization of toxicants, paying special attention...
Hormesis in soil enzymes is well-established, yet the underlying mechanism remains elusive. In this novel study, we investigated the effects of low-dose Cd exposure (0, 0.03, 0.3, 3, and 30 mg·kg−1) in farmland soil within a typical cons...
Enzyme-assisted carbon capture is attracting massive interest, and absorbents composed of aqueous carbonate supplemented with carbonic anhydrase have proven particularly promising. Here, we study basic capture mechanisms using a novel approach ground...
Enzymes have several excellent catalytic features, and the last few years have seen a revolution in biocatalysis, which has grown from using one enzyme to using multiple enzymes in cascade reactions, where the product of one enzyme reaction is the su...
Enzymatic reaction cascades represent a powerful tool to convert biogenic resources into valuable chemicals for fuel and commodity markets. Sugars and their breakdown products constitute a significant group of possible substrates for such biocatalyti...
The discovery and generation of biocatalysts with extended catalytic versatilities are of immense relevance in both chemistry and biotechnology. An enhanced atomistic understanding of enzyme promiscuity, a mechanism through which living systems acqui...
Microwaves in the presence of enzymes can contribute to the preparation of a variety of medicinally active compounds. Microwave-induced enzymatic reactions are influenced by variables such as frequency, field strength, waveform, duration, and modulat...
AMPylation is a prevalent posttranslational modification that involves the addition of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to proteins. Exactly how Huntingtin-associated yeast-interacting protein E (HYPE), as the first human protein, is involved in the tra...
The characterization of plant enzymes by expression in prokaryotic and eukaryotic (yeast and plants) heterologous hosts has widely been used in recent decades to elucidate metabolic pathways in plant secondary metabolism. Yeast and plant systems prov...
The association between microRNA (miRNA) and various diseases has been established; miRNAs have the potential to be biomarkers for these diseases. Nevertheless, the challenge of correctly quantifying an miRNA arises from its low abundance and a high...
During recent years, the possibility to create custom biocompatible nanoshapes using DNA as a building material has rapidly emerged. Further, these rationally designed DNA structures could be exploited in positioning pivotal molecules, such as enzyme...
Ethyl (S)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutyrate ((S)-CHBE) is an important chiral intermediate in the synthesis of the cholesterol-lowering drug atorvastatin. Studying the use of SpyTag/SpyCatcher and SnoopTag/SnoopCatcher systems for the asymmetric reduction r...
Environmentally friendly and sustainable processes for the production of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) gain increasing attention. Biocatalytic synthesis routes with enzyme cascades support many stated green production principles, for examp...
We investigate the enzymatic self-catalyzed gelation process in aiyu gel, a natural ion crosslinked polysaccharide gel. The gelation process depends on the concentration ratio (Rmax) of the crosslinking calcium ions and all galacturonic acid binding...
Chemoenzymatic peptide synthesis is the hydrolase-catalyzed stereoselective formation of peptide bonds. It is a clean and mild procedure, unlike conventional chemical synthesis, which involves complicated and laborious protection-deprotection procedu...
The cytochromes P450 are drug metabolizing enzymes in the body that typically react with substrates through a monoxygenation reaction. During the catalytic cycle two reduction and protonation steps generate a high-valent iron (IV)-oxo heme cation rad...
Photosynthesis is a key process for the establishment and maintenance of life on earth, and it is manifested in several major lineages of the prokaryote tree of life. The evolution of photosynthesis in anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria is of major i...
Enzymes are highly specific biological catalysts that accelerate the rate of chemical reactions within the cell. Our knowledge of how enzymes work remains incomplete. Computational methodologies such as molecular mechanics (MM) and quantum mechanical...
Pesticides are commonly used in agriculture and are an important factor of food security for humankind. However, the overuse of pesticides can harm non-target organisms, and, thus, it is vital to comprehensively study their effects on the different m...
An enzyme-loaded disk-shaped cartridge was fabricated using CO2-assisted polymer compression (CAPC), which is a polymer-bonding method that does not use heat. In this process, after the enzyme was loaded onto mesoporous silica, it was placed in a con...
Lipases are among the most utilized enzymes in biocatalysis. In many instances, the main reason for their use is their high specificity or selectivity. However, when full modification of a multifunctional and heterogeneous substrate is pursued, enzym...
Enzyme cascades are an emerging synthetic tool for the synthesis of various molecules, combining the advantages of biocatalysis and of one-pot multi-step reactions. However, the more complex the enzyme cascade is, the more difficult it is to achieve...
Significant advances in enzyme discovery, protein and reaction engineering have transformed biocatalysis into a viable technology for the industrial scale manufacturing of chemicals. Multi-enzyme catalysis has emerged as a new frontier for the synthe...
Plant xyloglucan xyloglucosyl transferases or xyloglucan endo-transglycosylases (XET; EC 2.4.1.207) catalogued in the glycoside hydrolase family 16 constitute cell wall-modifying enzymes that play a fundamental role in the cell wall expansion and re-...
The solution phase transport and direct electrode kinetics of electro-enzymes are described in terms of a simple model in which the steady state reaction/diffusion equation for enzyme is solved subject to physically realistic boundary conditions. Two...
Orotate phosphoribosyltransferase (OPRT) exists as a bifunctional enzyme, uridine 5′-monophosphate synthase, in mammalian cells and plays an important role in pyrimidine biosynthesis. Measuring OPRT activity has been considered important for un...
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