Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) derivatives are widely present in the environment, and some are more hazardous than their parent PAHs. However, compared to PAHs, PAH derivatives are less studied due to challenges in monitoring as a result of th...
Evaluating the impact on roadside environments of NH3 from vehicle emissions is important for protecting the ecosystem from air pollution by fine particulate matter and nitrogen deposition. This study used passive samplers to measure NH3 and NOX at m...
People today spend most of their time indoors; many use fragrances in closed restrooms and bathrooms at home and in public spaces for masking odors. However, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that are emitted from indoor fragrances have been reported...
Passive air samplers (PASs) have been used for mapping gaseous mercury concentration in extensive areas. In this work, an easy-to-use and -prepare gold nanoparticle (NP)-based PAS has been investigated. The PAS is constituted of a microfibrous quartz...
1 November 2021
Indoor air quality (IAQ) can greatly affect health in people spending much time indoors. However, the influence of IAQ on personal exposure to chemical compounds in Japan remains poorly investigated. Hence, this study aimed to clarify this influence...
Diffusion models have been widely used in image generation and structured trajectory generation. DPM++ samplers improve few-step inference by recursively propagating current and historical denoised states, but their behavior in the low-noise regime r...
Indoor air contamination in office rooms is regarded as one of the most important issues in the protection of workers’ health, because contaminants, even those occurring at low concentrations, can cause health problems for the office staff in v...
28 November 2022
Few studies have investigated personal exposure concentrations of not only some volatile organic compounds but also more types of chemicals including acidic gases and acrolein. We measured the personal exposure concentrations of 35 chemicals includin...
Palmes-type passive diffusion tubes (PDTs) are widely used to measure levels of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in air quality studies. Molecules of NO2 diffuse down the concentration gradient established in the tube by their reactive conversion into nitrite...
The reliability of passive samplers in measuring volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in indoor air depends on whether the uptake rate is constant given the environmental conditions and sampler exposure duration. The first phase of this study evaluated...
In this study, a passive sampler for gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) was developed and applied to field monitoring. Three Radiello® diffusive bodies with gold-coated beads as Hg adsorbent were installed in an acrylic external shield. Hg uptake ma...
25 August 2021
Various chlorine-based disinfectants are being used during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, only a few studies on exposure to harmful gases resulting from the use of these disinfectants exist. Previously, we developed a personal passive air sampler (P...
In the present work, the study and the performances of an adsorbent material for gaseous mercury employed in different diffusive bodies geometries is presented. The material is based on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) deposited on quartz fibres filters, s...
Discrete diffusion models have become an important class of generative models for categorical data, yet their theoretical understanding remains largely limited to time-homogeneous noise schedules. In this work, we study uniform-rate discrete diffusio...
With the rapid development of precision agriculture spraying technology, the evaluation and detection of deposition effects have gradually become research hotspots. Rhodamine-B is often used for the quantitative elution detection of droplet depositio...
Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is a surveillance approach used to examine chemical and biological targets within a population. Historically, the most common approaches to wastewater sampling include grab sampling and composite sampling, which ca...
The application of smartphone-based color evaluation of passive sampling devices for gases has only been sparsely reported. The present review aims to compile available publications with respect to the configuration of the passive samplers, condition...
Rapidly exploring Random Trees (RRT) provide probabilistic completeness but often explore inefficiently in high-DOF manipulation tasks. We address this by proposing a contact-aware, two-level planner that couples a learned toggle–subgoal predic...
In Bayesian machine learning, sampling methods provide the asymptotically unbiased estimation for the inference of the complex probability distributions, where Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) is one of the most popular sampling methods. However, MCMC...
Urban areas are expanding rapidly and experience diverse and complex contamination of their surface waters. Addressing these issues requires different tools to describe exposures and predict toxicological risk to exposed biota. We surveyed 21 stormwa...
Diffusion models can be parameterized in terms of either score or energy function. The energy parameterization is attractive as it enables sampling procedures such as Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) that incorporates a Metropolis–Hastings (MH)...
We study fixed-point-corrected numerical schemes for reverse-time diffusion sampling. Instead of treating the reverse sampler only as an explicit Euler–Maruyama discretization, we formulate each reverse-time step as a local implicit equation an...
The combustion of candles is known to emit various air pollutants, including particulate matter (PM) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), into the air. This study characterizes emissions of these pollutants from natural and synthetic candles in a s...
Non-intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) is a critical technology that enables detailed analysis of household energy consumption without requiring individual metering of every appliance, and has the capability to provide valuable insights into energy usa...
The #CHEARIATIRA citizen science campaign was developed in February 2019 in Torino (western part of the Po Valley megacity region). The aim of the campaign was public engagement with measuring NO2 concentrations in an urban area that often exceeds ai...
Accurately measuring gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) concentrations in the atmosphere is important to understand its sources, cycling, distribution, and temporal trends. The MerPAS passive air sampler from Tekran Inc. (Toronto, ON, Canada) captures G...
In this work, photothermal beam deflection spectrometry (BDS), combined with a passive sampling technique of diffusive gradients in thin film (DGT), is optimized to improve the method’s sensitivity. The limit of detection (LOD) is then reduced...
7 June 2017
The impact of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) on indoor air quality and on human health is widely recognized. However, VOC contamination in hospital indoor air is rarely studied and chemical compounds that singularly do not show high toxicity are n...
To address limitations in structural preservation and detail fidelity in existing text-driven image editing methods, we propose MSHEdit—a novel editing framework built upon a pre-trained diffusion model. MSHEdit is designed to achieve high sema...
A large quantity of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can be released into water environments from oil spills and chemical exposure accidents. A recently developed solid ceramic dosimeter (SCD) could be used for long-term measuring of low VOCs concen...
Diffusion models for 3D genome structures make inference an ensemble-generation and tiling problem. In the released ChromoGen workflow, millions of independent denoising trajectories are executed through a single-GPU path, while overlapping genomic w...
Solid-web steel-reinforced concrete (SRC) columns are widely utilised in building structures. Currently, the design of complex cross-sectional columns (CCSCs) primarily relies on finite-element models (FEM) or empirical formulas. Both routes, however...
11 April 2013
This study assessed subjective symptoms related to indoor concentrations of chemicals among residents in a housing estate in Dalian, China, where indoor air pollution by interior decoration materials has recently become a major health problem. Fift...
Mercury bioavailability was assessed by exposing the dipteran Chironomus riparius for the whole life cycle to legacy-contaminated fluvial sediments (0.038–0.285 mg Hg kg−1 d.w.) and analyzing tissue concentrations in larvae at different exposure time...
28 June 2019
Exposure to ambient NO2 and benzene, toluene ethyl-benzene and m+p- and o-xylenes (BTEX) is associated with adverse cardiovascular effects, but limited information is available on the effects of personal exposure to these compounds in South African p...
In this study, simultaneous monitoring of indoor and outdoor Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) was carried out in a school, by both Radiello® cartridges and real-time monitors (Corvus, IonScience Ltd., Fowlmere UK). Moreover, an outdoor air quality a...
Children spend a large amount of time in school environments and when Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) is poor, comfort, productivity and learning performances may be affected. The aim of the present study is to characterize IAQ in a primary school located i...
28 January 2014
With the yearly increasing marine culture activities in floating cages in Daya Bay, China, the effects of pollution may overlap and lead to more severe water environmental problems. In order to track the impacts of the marine culture in floating cage...
The lack of regulations regarding the manufacture of nanoparticle-containing products has enabled the release of many consumer products into the market with uncorroborated claims. Silver nanoparticles are commonly used in consumer goods, particularly...
In the present work, the microclimatic conditions (temperature (T), relative humidity (RH), and illuminance (I)), together with the air quality (both aerosol particulate matter (PM) and gaseous pollutants), were monitored to evaluate the environmenta...
Reconstructing a 3D human skeleton from partial joint observations is an ill-posed inverse problem: when joints are missing, infinitely many anatomically distinct poses fit the observation, but most methods return a single reconstruction. We formulat...
15 January 2021
The formaldehyde (FA) embalming method, the world’s most common protocol for the fixation of cadavers, has been consistently used in medical universities in Myanmar. This study was designed to examine the indoor FA concentrations in anatomy dis...
This study investigates the atmospheric concentrations, spatiotemporal distribution, the associated health risks and the ozone formation potential of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX) across 33 monitoring sites of Greece over a one-ye...
21 July 2020
Passive diffusion tubes for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and carbonyls and low volume particulate matter (PM2.5) samplers were used simultaneously in kitchens and outdoor air of four dwellings. PM2.5 filters were analysed for their carbonaceous...
25 November 2013
Children are more sensitive to pollutants than adults and yet they spend large amounts of time in school environments where they are exposed to unknown levels of indoor pollutants. This study investigated the concentrations of the most abundant volat...
Agriculture generates ~83% of total US ammonia (NH3) emissions, potentially adversely impacting sensitive ecosystems through wet and dry deposition. Regions with intense livestock production, such as the dairy region of south-central Idaho, generate...
Nitric acid-treated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been extensively utilized for removing dissolved heavy metals from aqueous systems; however, their use as a capping material to immobilize heavy metals in sediments has rarely been investi...
Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) techniques are usually used to infer model parameters when closed-form inference is not feasible, with one of the simplest MCMC methods being the random walk Metropolis–Hastings (MH) algorithm. The MH algorithm s...
Finding farm-proven, robust sampling technologies for measurement of odorous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and evaluating the mitigation of nuisance emissions continues to be a challenge. The objective of this research was to develop a new method...
Diffusion models have achieved groundbreaking progress in image generation, text-to-image, and other multimodal generation tasks, becoming the mainstream architecture in the field of generative artificial intelligence. However, studies have shown tha...
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