Air Quality Assessment of a School in an Industrialized Area of Southern Italy
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Indoor Air Quality and Children’s Exposure
1.2. Influence of Temperature and Relative Humidity on VOC Concentrations
1.3. Italian Studies on School Air Quality
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Area of Study
2.2. Sampling Equipment and Data Collection Procedure
2.2.1. Volatile Organic Compounds: Passive Sampling
2.2.2. Volatile Organic Compounds: Real-Time Monitoring
2.2.3. Determination of Radiello Volatile Organic Compounds by Gas Chromatography—Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS)
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Total Volatile Organic C Concentration
3.2. VOC Distribution in the Different School Areas Investigated and Their Temporal Variability
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sampling Period | VOC Sampling | TVOC Sampling | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Site | Site | Site | Site | Site | Site | Site | |
1–5 February 2019 | B1 | B2 | 4B | 4E | O4E | 4E | O4E |
5–8 February 2019 | B1 | B2 | 4B | 4E | O4E | 4E | O4E |
8–12 February 2019 | B1 | B2 | - | 4E | O4E | 4E | O4E |
12–15 February 2019 | B1 | B2 | - | 4E | O4E | 4E | O4E |
15–19 February 2019 | B1 | B2 | - | 4E | O4E | 4E | O4E |
19–22 February 2019 | - | B2 | - | 4E | O4E | 4E | O4E |
22–26 February 2019 | - | B2 | - | 4E | O4E | 4E | O4E |
26 February–1 March 2019 | - | B2 | - | 4E | O4E | - | - |
1–5 March 2019 | - | B2 | - | 4E | O4E | - | - |
5–12 March 2019 | - | B2 | - | 4E | O4E | - | - |
VOC | Caverage, indoor Galatina (µg m−3) | Standard Deviation (µg m−3) | C reference (µg m−3) |
---|---|---|---|
Toluene | 0.81 | 0.09 | 4.44 1 |
Ethylbenzene | 0.08 | 0.02 | 3.00 2 |
Alkylbenzenes | 0.29 | 0.09 | - |
Xylenes | 0.18 | 0.04 | 2.64 1 |
Halogen VOCs | <0.1 | - | - |
Benzene | 1.94 | 0.47 | 0.98 1 |
VOC | Caverage Indoor (µg m−3) | Caverage Outdoor (µg m−3) | I/O |
---|---|---|---|
Benzene | 1.94 | 3.23 | 0.60 |
Toluene | 0.81 | 0.53 | 1.52 |
Ethylbenzene | 0.08 | 0.03 | 2.67 |
Alkylbenzenes | 0.29 | 0.28 | 1.04 |
Xylene | 0.18 | 0.05 | 3.60 |
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Ielpo, P.; Mangia, C.; de Gennaro, G.; Di Gilio, A.; Palmisani, J.; Dinoi, A.; Bergomi, A.; Comite, V.; Fermo, P. Air Quality Assessment of a School in an Industrialized Area of Southern Italy. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11, 8870. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11198870
Ielpo P, Mangia C, de Gennaro G, Di Gilio A, Palmisani J, Dinoi A, Bergomi A, Comite V, Fermo P. Air Quality Assessment of a School in an Industrialized Area of Southern Italy. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11(19):8870. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11198870
Chicago/Turabian StyleIelpo, Pierina, Cristina Mangia, Gianluigi de Gennaro, Alessia Di Gilio, Jolanda Palmisani, Adelaide Dinoi, Andrea Bergomi, Valeria Comite, and Paola Fermo. 2021. "Air Quality Assessment of a School in an Industrialized Area of Southern Italy" Applied Sciences 11, no. 19: 8870. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11198870