Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by a complex, multifactorial etiology with a strong genetic contribution. Our study aimed to evaluate the link between the burden of rar...
Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by substantial phenotypic heterogeneity, which can complicate clinical formulation and intervention planning. Despite increasing epidemiological research on ASD in the Sultanate of Oman, sys...
Aging is a major risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). AD mouse models are frequently used to assess pathology, behavior, and memory in AD research. While the pathological characteristics of AD are well established, our understanding of the...
Individual differences in coping with stress may determine either a vulnerable or resilient phenotype. Therefore, it is important to better understand the biology underlying the behavioral phenotype. We assessed whether individual behavioral phenotyp...
Based on previous studies on the role of objective sleep duration in predicting morbidity in individuals with insomnia, we examined the role of objective sleep duration in differentiating behavioral profiles in adolescents with insomnia symptoms. Ado...
The United States is predicted to experience an annual decline in milk production due to heat stress of 1.4 and 1.9 kg/day by the 2050s and 2080s, with economic losses of USD 1.7 billion and USD 2.2 billion, respectively, despite current cooling effo...
REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) represents a prodromal manifestation of Parkinson’s disease (PD), reflecting the breakdown of inhibitory networks extending from the brainstem to the cortex. This review synthesizes pathological, physiological,...
Duplications of chromosome 16p11.2, even though rare in the general population, are one of the most frequent known genetic causes of autism spectrum disorder and of other neurodevelopmental disorders. However, data about the neuro-behavioral phenotyp...
Aggressive behavior is regulated by intricate neural circuits and molecular mechanisms, notably through the interaction of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) with its receptor, tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB), which influences neuroplastic...
Multiple sclerosis (MS), a neuroinflammatory disorder, occurs as non-progressive or progressive phenotypes; both forms present with diverse symptoms that may reduce quality of life (QoL). Adherence to healthy lifestyle behaviors has been associated w...
Background: Depression-like phenotypes in animal models often show graded behavioral variation rather than uniform group-wise changes, yet treatment effects are still commonly evaluated using categorical comparisons. In particular, it remains difficu...
Peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6) is expressed throughout the brain, including the hippocampus, where it plays a potential role in synaptic regulation and forming emotional and spatial memories. PRDX6 is predominantly detected in the female mouse’s hippo...
Background. Behavioral procrastination has traditionally been considered a self-regulatory and psychological phenomenon; however, growing evidence suggests that chronic procrastination may also contribute to adverse physical health outcomes through p...
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a complex multisystemic condition caused by a lack of paternal expression of imprinted genes from the 15q11.2–q13 region. Limited literature exists on the association between molecular classes, growth hormone use,...
Social interaction and empathy play critical roles in determining the emotional well-being of humans. Stress-related depression and anxiety can be exacerbated or mitigated depending on specific social conditions. Although rodents are well known to ex...
Background: Obesity is a heterogeneous chronic disease in which eating behavior phenotypes may influence treatment response. Yet, anti-obesity medication (AOM) selection is still largely guided by anthropometric and metabolic parameters, with limited...
Dopamine is an essential neurotransmitter whose key roles include movement control, pleasure and reward, attentional and cognitive skills, and regulation of the sleep/wake cycle. Reuptake is carried out by the dopamine transporter (DAT; DAT1 SLC6A3 g...
A total of 112 dogs (49 males and 63 females) belonging to different breeds (i.e., Boxer, Cirneco dell’Etna, Fonni’s Dog, Labrador, Crossbreed, German Shepherd, Pit Bull, Shar-Pei, Yorkshire) were analyzed to compare the serum concentrati...
22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is the most common recurrent microdeletion in humans and a prototypical high-risk neurogenetic copy number variant (CNV) associated with a broad spectrum of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders, including...
Background: Canine behavior plays an important role in the success of the human–dog relationship and the dog’s overall welfare, making selection for behavior a vital part of any breeding program. While behaviors are complex traits determi...
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in the control of many physiological and pathophysiological processes, including the development of hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases. Nonetheless, the understanding of the regulatory...
Specific Learning Disabilities (SLD) are often associated with emotional-behavioral problems. Many studies highlighted a greater psychopathological risk in SLD, describing both internalizing and externalizing problems. The aims of this study were to...
Drug resistance, a major challenge in cancer therapy, is typically attributed to mutations and genetic heterogeneity. Emerging evidence suggests that dynamic cellular interactions and group behavior also contribute to drug resistance. However, the un...
Background: Digital behavioral phenotyping of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) offers a promising approach for developing more scalable diagnostic frameworks across diverse global contexts. Machine learning (ML) models show promise for ASD diagnosis us...
The startle response can be defined as a reflexive reaction to the sudden appearance of a novel stimulus that influences the survival and resilience of animals. In domesticated species, the behavioral component of the startle response can, in some ca...
This essay presents two lines of argument to suggest that the extension into adulthood of specific phenotypic differentiation processes, typical of early development, is fundamental to the evolution of cognition. The first of these two lines of argum...
The relationship between learning capacity and hippocampal neurogenesis is still poorly understood. Moreover, the effect of pathological behavior on this relationship is unknown. In this study, we investigated this problem in rats with different beha...
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is caused by silencing of the FMR1 gene leading to loss of the protein product fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). FXS is the most common monogenic cause of intellectual disability. There are two known mammalian para...
FKBP5 has been of special scientific interest in the behavioral sciences since it has been involved in the pathophysiology of several mental disorders. It is a gene with pleiotropic effects which encodes the protein FKBP5, a cochaperone that decrease...
Cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP) is a common and devastating symptom with limited treatment options in patients, significantly affecting their quality of life. The use of rodent models is the most common approach to uncovering the mechanisms underlyin...
Chronic stress alters hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis function, affecting corticosterone regulation and adaptive responses. Understanding individual variability in stress adaptation requires identifying distinct HPA axis respons...
Mouse models are widely used to study behavioral phenotypes related to neuropsychiatric disorders. However, different mouse strains vary in their inherent behavioral and molecular characteristics, which needs to be taken into account depending on the...
Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder characterized by positive, negative, and cognitive symptoms. MK-801, an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, has been used to induce schizophrenia-like behaviors in animal models. Here, we employed Intelli...
Aim: Smith–Magenis syndrome (SMS) is a rare genetic neurodevelopmental disorder caused by a 17p11.2 deletion or pathogenic variant in the RAI1 gene. SMS is associated with developmental delay, intellectual disability (ID), and major sleep and b...
Background/Objective: Serotonin and dopamine are key neurotransmitters involved in regulating mood, anxiety, and locomotor activity. Specific transporters mediate their reuptake, SERT and DAT, making them targets for drugs such as Fluoxetine and Meth...
Rodent models, especially chronic stress paradigms, are essential in depression research, yet existing behavioral assessments often struggle to capture pathophysiological heterogeneity. We developed the Multimodal Behavior Scoring (MBS) algorithm, wh...
Approximately 50–80% of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) exhibit sleep problems, but the contribution of circadian clock dysfunction to the development of ASDs remains largely unknown. The essential clock gene Bmal1 (Arntl or Mop3...
We aim to compare the relative heritability contributed by variants of behavior-related environmental phenotypes and elucidate the role of these factors in the conundrum of “missing heritability” of type 2 diabetes. Methods: We used Linkage-Disequili...
Background: The three Synuclein family members (α-, β-, and γ-synuclein) are presynaptic proteins that regulate synaptic vesicle trafficking and thereby influence neurotransmitter release. Synucleins belong to a class of intrinsicall...
Depressive symptoms among university students are a growing public health concern, motivating unobtrusive monitoring with smartphone-based digital phenotyping. This study examined whether passively collected behavioral features can identify elevated...
Reproductive efficiency is a critical determinant of productivity and profitability in sheep farming. Traditional selection methods have largely relied on phenotypic traits and historical reproductive records, which are often limited by subjectivity...
The KCNQ2 gene, encoding for the Kv7.2 subunits of the Kv7 voltage potassium channel, is involved in the modulation of neuronal excitability and plays a crucial role in brain morphogenesis and maturation during embryonic life. De novo heterozygous mu...
The high level of heterogeneity in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and the lack of systematic measurements complicate predicting outcomes of early intervention and the identification of better-tailored treatment programs. Computational phenotyping may...
Cancer cells have unique nanomechanical properties, i.e., they behave as if they were elastic. This property of cancer cells is believed to be one of the main reasons for their facilitated ability to spread and metastasize. Thus, the so-called nanome...
Background: Rett Syndrome (RTT) is a progressive neurodevelopmental disorder caused by MECP2 gene mutations. MeCP2 protein binding to methylated DNA is involved in normal brain development and function. T158M is a common RTT-associated mutation, wher...
The rapid rate of anthropogenic-related climate change is expected to severely impact ecosystems and their constituent organisms, leading to mass extinction. A rapid adaptive response of animals to such change could be due to reversible phenotypic fl...
(1) Background: Together with treatment protocols, viscoelastic tests are widely used for patient care. Measuring at broader ranges of deformation than currently done will add information on a clot’s mechanical phenotype because fibrin networks follo...
Anxiety and depressive symptoms are common in patients with inflammatory demyelinating diseases (IDDs), but low-burden digital behavioral tools remain underexplored. This study examined whether digital tree drawing and person-in-the-rain tasks contai...
A series of behavioral detection paradigms have been developed for zebrafish (Danio rerio) to examine anxiety-like behavioral responses. Among them, the novel tank diving test is rapidly gaining popularity in translational neuroscience and behavioral...
Guanidinoacetate methyltransferase deficiency (GAMT-D) is one of three cerebral creatine (Cr) deficiency syndromes due to pathogenic variants in the GAMT gene (19p13.3). GAMT-D is characterized by the accumulation of guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) and th...
of 43