High-resolution LiDAR-derived three-dimensional (3D) digital outcrop models are crucial for detailed geological analysis. However, their massive data volumes often exceed the rendering and memory capacities of standard computer systems, posing signif...
A stability investigation based on Digital Outcrop Models (DOMs) acquired in emergency conditions by photogrammetric surveys based on Remote Piloted Aerial System (RPAS) was conducted on an unstable rock slope near Gallivaggio (Western Alps, Italy)....
The combination of lidar and digital photography provides a new technology for creating a high-resolution 3D digital outcrop model. The digital outcrop model can accurately and conveniently depict the surface 3D properties of an outcrop profile, maki...
Continental shale reservoirs exhibit pronounced multi-scale heterogeneity, with reservoir quality governed by the interplay of lamina assemblages, bedding continuity, and lithological spatial variability. Conventional digital outcrop modeling (DOM) p...
Quantitative characterization of discontinuities is fundamental to define the mechanical behavior of discontinuous rock masses. Several techniques for the semi-automatic and automatic extraction of discontinuities and their properties from raw or pro...
The Markland test is one of the most diffused and adopted methods of kinematic analysis for the identification of critical intersections of rock discontinuities that could generate rock failures. Traditionally, the kinematic analysis is based on the...
The study of outcrops in geosciences is being significantly improved by the enhancement of technologies that aims to build digital outcrop models (DOMs). Usually, the virtual environment is built by a collection of partially overlapped photographs ta...
Reservoir heterogeneity is a key geological problem that restricts oil and gas exploration and development of clastic rocks from the early to late stages. Existing reservoir heterogeneity modeling methods such as multiple-point geostatistics (MPS) ca...
Fracture characterization is crucial to constrain a realistic subsurface reservoir model. They are key elements, affecting fluid flow, permeability and consequently recovery factor and productivity. Considering a proper assessment of fracture network...
We are witnessing a digital revolution in geoscientific field data collection and data sharing, driven by the availability of low-cost sensory platforms capable of generating accurate surface reconstructions as well as the proliferation of apps and r...
Remote and extreme regions such as in the Arctic remain a challenging ground for geological mapping and mineral exploration. Coastal cliffs are often the only major well-exposed outcrops, but are mostly not observable by air/spaceborne nadir remote s...
The deformation structures (folds and fractures) affecting Monte Antola flysch formation in the area of Ponte Organasco (Northern Apennines-Italy) were analyzed by Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Digital Photogrammetry (UAVDP). This technique allowed the rea...
Understanding complex carbonate fracture networks and karstification at various geological scales is challenging, especially with limited multi-scale datasets. This paper aims to reduce uncertainty in the fracture architecture of Central Luconia kars...
The Mars Science Laboratory rover Curiosity landed in Gale crater (Mars) in August 2012. It has since been studying the lower part of the 5 km-high sedimentary pile that composes Gale’s central mound, Aeolis Mons. To assess the sedimentary record, th...
This paper demonstrates an integrative 3D model of short-wave infrared (SWIR) hyperspectral mapping and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based digital elevation model (DEM) for a carbonate rock outcrop including limestone and dolostone in a field condit...
For an accurate multiscale property modelling of fractured crystalline geothermal reservoirs, an enhanced characterisation of the geometrical features and variability of the fracture network properties is an essential prerequisite. Combining regional...
Structure-from-motion (SfM) photogrammetry enables the cost-effective digital characterisation of seismic- to sub-decimetre-scale geoscientific samples. The technique is commonly used for the characterisation of outcrops, fracture mapping, and increa...
Bar top hollows (BTHs) are morphological elements recognized in modern braided rivers; however, information regarding their depositional features and types of filling units in ancient strata is unclear. This is an important reason behind why it is di...
We studied some exposures of the Roccacaramanico Conglomerate (RCC), a calcareous-clastic mega-bed intercalated within the Late Messinian–Early Pliocene pelitic succession of the La Queglia and Maiella tectonic units (central Apennines). The ou...
In this study, we analyze the fault and fracture network of the Middle Triassic carbonate platform of the Lastoni di Formin (Italian Dolomites, Italy). The reconstruction of the deformation history is of primary importance for a full comprehension of...
The mechanical behavior of block-in-matrix materials is heavily dependent on their block content. This parameter is in most cases obtained through visual analyses of the ground through digital imagery, which provides the areal block proportion (ABP)...
This report presents the advantages of using drone-photographic scanning technology as a method for creating 3D documentation and 3D databases of rock-cut monuments with astronomical elements. Through this modern technology, together with specialized...
The investigation of deformations in Quaternary deposits holds primary importance in understanding recent geological history and natural hazards in highly populated areas, such as the Po Plain. While civil excavations and trenches possess the potenti...
The study shows the analysis of the current potential range and the modeling of its changes in the hemiboreal species Anticlea sibirica. The models show the habitat suitability for A. sibirica under moderate climatic changes (RCP4.5) in the middle an...
Field work on the search and characterization of ground effects of a historical earthquake (i.e., the Cagli earthquake in 1781) was carried out using terrestrial and aerial digital tools. The method of capturing, organizing, storing, and elaborating...
The basic identification and classification of sedimentary rocks into sandstone and mudstone are important in the study of sedimentology and they are executed by a sedimentologist. However, such manual activity involves countless hours of observation...
In this study, discrete fracture network (DFN) modelling was performed for Triassic–Jurassic analogue reservoir units of the NW Lurestan region, Iran. The modelling was elaborated following a multi-scale statistical sampling of the fracture sys...
Digital photogrammetry (DP) represents one of the most used survey techniques in engineering geology. The availability of new high-resolution digital cameras and photogrammetry software has led to a step-change increase in the quality of engineering...
Ciomadul is a long-dormant volcanic area in the Eastern Carpathians of Romania. The study site, the Stinky Cave, and the surrounding areas are well-known for CO2, and H2S seeps. The gases from these seeps come with high flux and are of magmatic origi...
Trace lines on the outcrop of a rock mass are usually the primary data source for the estimation of rock structure. It is important to obtain the data of trace lines precisely. Photogrammetry is well suited to finish this task. However, this is mainl...
This study develops a three-dimensional (3D) geostatistical model of the Ciénaga de Oro Formation in the southern Sinú–San Jacinto Basin (Colombia), integrating structural, sedimentological, and petrophysical data to identify new...
Regolith, or unconsolidated materials overlying bedrock, exists as an active zone for many geological, geomorphological, hydrological and ecological processes. This zone and its processes are foundational to wide-ranging human needs and activities su...
This paper explored the relationship between acidic sulfate alteration, geostructural frameworks, and geomorphological changes that can be observed in active volcanic hydrothermal systems. The target area was Pisciarelli in the Campi Flegrei volcano,...
Since the last complete glacier mapping of Mt. Kenya in 2004, strong glacier retreat and glacier disintegration have been reported. Here, we compile and present a new glacier inventory of Mt. Kenya to document recent glacier change. Glacier area and...
Megalithism in Sardinia (Italy) had its highest expression during the Bronze Age with the creation of monumental complexes known as Nuraghes. These unique monuments have recently been the subject of in-depth investigations for their potential to be r...
Upper-flow-regime bedforms and their role in the evolution of marine and lacustrine deltas are not well understood. Wave-like undulations on delta foresets are by far the most commonly reported bedforms on deltas and it will take time before many of...
Increasing dependence on groundwater requires a detailed determination of the different outputs and inputs of a basin for better water management. Determination of spatial and temporal actual evapotranspiration (ETa), in this regard, is of vital impo...
In mountainous landscapes, where strongly deformed pelitic sediments outcrop, earthflows can dominate denudation processes and landscape evolution. This paper investigated geological and geomorphological features and space-time evolution over a 65-ye...
The northern region of the Maltese archipelago is experiencing lateral spreading landslide processes. This region is characterized by cliffs with a hard coralline limestone outcropping layer sitting on a thick layer of clay. Such a geological configu...
A methodological approach to refining the identification and mapping of fluvial terraces has been applied, combining geomorphological field surveys with the computation and assessment of different morphometric parameters (local, statistical, and obje...
The enhancement of remote sensing interpretation accuracy for rock strata in complex terrain areas has long been limited by challenges in field validation and the insufficient integration of geological knowledge in traditional spectral–spatial...
The three-point bending test is a key method for determining parameters related to the mechanical fracture properties of rocks. In this study, shale outcrops from Changning County, Sichuan Province, China, were selected. Three-point bending experimen...
Coastal depositional environments are the site of complex interactions between continental and marine processes. Barrier islands are highly dynamic coastal systems, typical of these transitional environments, and are affected by sea level changes and...
The aim of this article is to show geomorphological mapping of remote Antarctic locations using images taken by a fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) during the Beyond Visual Line of Sight (BVLOS) operations. We mapped landform assemblages devel...
Shiqian County, located within a key geothermal fluids belt in Guizhou Province, China, has abundant underground hot water resources. Therefore, elucidating the hydrogeochemical characteristics and formation mechanisms of thermal mineral water in thi...
Korea has been recognized as an earthquake-safe zone, but over recent decades, several earthquakes, at a medium scale or higher, have occurred in succession in and around the major fault zones, hence there is a need for studying active faults to miti...
The stability of a rock slope is strongly influenced by the pattern of groundwater flow through the fracture system, which may lead to an increase in the water pressure in partly open joints and the consequent decrease in the rock wall strength. The...
Horizontal well multi-cluster fracturing technology is crucial for the economic development of fractured shale reservoirs. The abundance of natural fractures in shale reservoirs significantly influences the propagation path of hydraulic fractures and...
The results of a multiscale study of fault and fracture geometry, distribution, density, and intensity are reported for Mesozoic platform carbonates cropping out along the axial zones of the southern Apennines fold-and-thrust belt, Italy. By integrat...
Freely meandering rivers flow through gently sloping plains composed of loess and fluvial sediments. Low-gradient alluvial plains are formed without the influence of landscape features such as rock outcrops or other features that distort the flow pat...