There is an exponential rise in the use of smartphones in government and private institutions due to business dependencies such as communication, virtual meetings, and access to global information. These smartphones are an attractive target for cyber...
This study aimed to develop a reliable method for profiling reducing sugars in honey using capillary zone electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (CZE-LIF). Reducing sugars were derivatized with 8-aminopyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonic acid...
Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) seriously threatens a nation’s cyberspace security. Current defense technologies are typically unable to detect it effectively since APT attack is complex and the signatures for detection are not clear. To enhan...
Over the last 15 years, cyberattacks have moved from attacking IT systems to targeted attacks on Operational Technology (OT) systems, also known as Cyber–Physical Systems (CPS). The first targeted OT cyberattack was Stuxnet in 2010, at which ti...
Advanced persistent threats (APTs) pose significant risks to critical systems and infrastructures due to their stealth and persistence. While several studies have reviewed APT characteristics and defense mechanisms, this paper goes further by proposi...
Nowadays, countries face a multitude of electronic threats that have permeated almost all business sectors, be it private corporations or public institutions. Among these threats, advanced persistent threats (APTs) stand out as a well-known example....
Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) attacks pose a serious challenge to traditional detection methods. These methods often suffer from high false-alarm rates and limited accuracy due to the multi-stage and covert nature of APT attacks. In this paper, we...
(3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) silane possesses one terminal amine group and three ethoxy groups extending from each silicon atom, acting as a crucial interface between organic and inorganic materials. In this study, after APTES was deposited...
The interfacial mechanism has always been a concern for 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES)-grafted palygorskite (PAL). In this research, the mechanism of graft modification for grafting of APTES to the surface of PAL (100) was studied using density...
Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) are characterized by stealth, infrequency, and long cycles, evading traditional security to endanger critical infrastructure. Complex semantic links between system entities can be accurately modeled using representa...
Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) pose significant cybersecurity challenges due to their multi-stage complexity. Knowledge graphs (KGs) effectively model APT attack processes through node-link architectures; however, the scarcity of high-quality, an...
In recent years, Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) attacks against sensors have emerged as a prominent security concern. Due to the low level of protection provided by sensors, APT attack organizations are able to develop intrusion schemes that allow...
In recent years, Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) malware, with its high stealth, has made it difficult for unimodal detection methods to accurately identify its disguised malicious behaviors. To address this challenge, this paper proposes an APT Mal...
In this study, we explore the anisotropic reflection of light waves around the exceptional points (EPs) in anti-parity-time−symmetric (APT−symmetric) Cantor dielectric multilayers. This one-dimensional fractal structure governed by the Ca...
With the emergence of the Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) attacks, many Internet of Things (IoT) systems have faced large numbers of potential threats with the characteristics of concealment, permeability, and pertinence. However, existing methods a...
Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) exhibit covert behaviors, long attack cycles, and fragmented intelligence, creating challenges for correlation analysis and attribution. This work proposes a unified knowledge-graph-based framework for multi-level A...
ZnO nanoparticles functionalized with APTES were obtained to evaluate their CH4 and CO2 adsorption at 298 K in a range between 0 and 10 bar. First, ZnO nanoparticles were obtained by a precipitation method and subsequently coated with (3-aminopropyl)...
Surface functionalization and bioreceptor immobilization are critical processes in developing a highly sensitive and selective biosensor. The silanization process with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) on oxide surfaces is frequently used for surf...
Traditional detection methods and security defenses are gradually insufficient to cope with evolving attack techniques and strategies, and have coarse detection granularity and high memory overhead. As a result, we propose Sylph, a lightweight unsupe...
We present a novel Deep Learning (DL) stack for detecting Advanced Persistent threat (APT) attacks. This model is based on a theoretical approach where an APT is observed as a multi-vector multi-stage attack with a continuous strategic campaign. To c...
As sensors become more prevalent in our lives, security issues have become a major concern. In the Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) attack, the sensor has also become an important role as a transmission medium. As a relatively weak link in the networ...
According to the Fire-eye’s M-Trends Annual Threat Report 2022, there are many advanced persistent threat (APT) attacks that are currently in use, and such continuous and specialized APT attacks cause serious damages attacks. As APT attacks con...
The presented work shows the antibacterial activity of TiO2 photocatalysts modified by 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES). The APTES-functionalized TiO2 samples were obtained by the solvothermal process followed by calcination. The antibacterial ac...
Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) challenge cybersecurity due to their stealthy, multi-stage nature. For the provenance graph based on fine-grained kernel logs, existing methods have difficulty distinguishing behavior boundaries and handling complex...
The surface modification of coal fly ash (CFA) with silane coupling agents improves its compatibility with polymer matrices and supports its use as a sustainable filler in composite materials. This study examined the effects of the solvent system, re...
Polystyrene has limited adhesivity to inorganic materials such as metals. However, the inorganic surface can be treated to enhance bonding to energetically stable polystyrene. This concept is verified in this paper with organosilane aminopropyltrieth...
Background: The maritime industry, vital for global trade, faces escalating cyber threats in 2025. Critical port infrastructures are increasingly vulnerable due to rapid digitalization and the integration of IT and operational technology (OT) systems...
The integrity of hollow glass microspheres (HGMs) and the association of (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) with solvent-resistant organic-phase retention were examined in model butyl sealant compounds based on isobutylene–isoprene rubber (...
Acyl-protein thioesterase 1 (APT1) can affect H-Ras localization and function by promoting its depalmitoylation. However, relatively little attention has been paid to the effects of APT1 on H-Ras in the cardiovascular system. In this study, we reveal...
In recent years, complex multi-stage cyberattacks have become more common, for which audit log data are a good source of information for online monitoring. However, predicting cyber threat events based on audit logs remains an open research problem....
In the highly interconnected digital ecosystem, cyberspace has become the main battlefield for complex attacks such as Advanced Persistent Threat (APT). The complexity and concealment of APT attacks are increasing, posing unprecedented challenges to...
In this work, the nanostructure of oxide dispersion-strengthened steels was studied by small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and atom probe tomography (APT). The steels under study have different alloying syst...
Halloysite was successfully grafted with silane APTES using both wet and dry modification methods. Among them, wet modification using aqueous solution possessed the highest modification efficiency and grafting ratio. Morphological observations demons...
The proposed work assesses the potential of Paulownia leaf-derived materials as sustainable adsorbents for the efficient removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solutions. Raw Paulownia leaf biomass (PL), biochar obtained by pyrolysis at 400 °C (BC), and...
The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) technology is a versatile and useful tool to perform genome editing in different organisms ranging from bacteria and yeast to plants and mammalian...
A visible-light photocatalytic performance of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES)-modified TiO2 nanomaterials obtained by solvothermal modification under elevated pressure, followed by calcination in an argon atmosphere at 800–1000 °C, is...
Fabrication of uniform thin coatings of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) on semiconductor (silicon) substrates with 3-aminopropyl-triethoxysilane (APTES) surface functionalization has been studied extensively...
This paper presents a study on improving the performance of the acoustic piezoelectric transducer system in air, as the low acoustic impedance of air leads to suboptimal system performance. Impedance matching techniques can enhance the acoustic power...
Lead sulfide colloidal quantum dots (PbS QDs) have demonstrated great potential in short-wave infrared (SWIR) photodetectors due to their tunable bandgap, low cost, and broad spectral response. While significant progress has been made in surface liga...
The power system, as a critical national infrastructure, faces stealthy and persistent intrusions from Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) attacks. These attack chains span multiple stages and components, while heterogeneous data sources lack unified se...
Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) are particularly challenging for enterprise intrusion detection because they are time-evolving, distributed, and difficult to detect under changing network conditions. Conventional machine-learning-based intrusion d...
Many cities in China have built an advanced public transportation system (APTS) in recent years. These systems cannot carry out automated dispatches but rely on the dispatcher to ensure normal operations. Based on the theory of fuzzy comprehensive ev...
In-situ synchrotron diffraction and atom probe tomography (APT) have been used to study the carbon diffusion and redistribution process in austempered ductile iron (ADI) during austempering. The process of carbon content change in bainitic ferrite du...
Mercury (Hg2+) contamination in water systems poses a severe environmental and health hazard due to its high toxicity and bioaccumulation potential. In this study, a novel adsorbent was developed by sequentially modifying kaolin via acid–base t...
Due to its increased prevalence, osteoporosis (OP) represents a great challenge to health care systems and brings an economic burden. To overcome these issues, treatment plans that suit the need of patients should be developed. One of the approaches...
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNPs) are currently used in different fields like catalysis, nanomedicine, and conservation science, taking advantage of their high surface area. Here, we synthesized and functionalized mesoporous dendritic fibrous n...
This report investigates the sensing characteristics of polysilicon wire (PSW) glucose biosensors, including thickness characteristics and line-width effects on detection limits, linear range and interference immunity with membranes coated by micropi...
The morphology of the functional coating (thickness, density, homogeneity) determines the accuracy and reproducibility of label-free biosensor analysis, yet the quality of the coating is usually assessed indirectly, outside the conditions of the anal...
Cybersecurity has become a prominent issue in regard to ensuring information privacy and integrity in the internet age particularly with the rise of interconnected devices. However, advanced persistent threats (APTs) pose a significant danger to the...
Amide proton transfer (APT)-weighted MRI is a promising molecular imaging technique that has been employed in clinic for detection and grading of brain tumors. MTRasym, the quantification method of APT, is easily influenced by B0 inhomogeneity and ca...
of 26