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Article

Correlation Analysis of APT Attack Organizations Based on Knowledge Graphs

Extral High Voltage Power Transmission Company, China Southern Power Grid Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510663, China
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Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Electronics 2026, 15(1), 87; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics15010087
Submission received: 11 November 2025 / Revised: 16 December 2025 / Accepted: 17 December 2025 / Published: 24 December 2025

Abstract

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) exhibit covert behaviors, long attack cycles, and fragmented intelligence, creating challenges for correlation analysis and attribution. This work proposes a unified knowledge-graph-based framework for multi-level APT correlation. We construct an APT ontology and automatically extract entities and relations from threat reports using NER and relation extraction models. The resulting multi-source intelligence is normalized and integrated into a Neo4j knowledge graph containing 15,682 entities and 42,713 relations. Multi-level correlation analysis is then performed through explicit structural reasoning, semantic embedding models such as TransE and RotatE, and a temporal evolution module based on T-GCN to capture dynamic attack-path patterns. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed framework achieves an F1-score of 0.91 for relation extraction and improves APT correlation prediction accuracy by 17.3% over rule-based baselines. The system supports large-scale attack-chain reasoning and sector-oriented threat analysis, providing enhanced attribution and decision support for cybersecurity defense.
Keywords: APT groups; knowledge graph; relation extraction; graph embedding; threat intelligence analysis; industry defense APT groups; knowledge graph; relation extraction; graph embedding; threat intelligence analysis; industry defense

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Su, H.; Zhang, X.; Li, L.; Zheng, L. Correlation Analysis of APT Attack Organizations Based on Knowledge Graphs. Electronics 2026, 15, 87. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics15010087

AMA Style

Su H, Zhang X, Li L, Zheng L. Correlation Analysis of APT Attack Organizations Based on Knowledge Graphs. Electronics. 2026; 15(1):87. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics15010087

Chicago/Turabian Style

Su, Haohui, Xuan Zhang, Lincheng Li, and Lvjun Zheng. 2026. "Correlation Analysis of APT Attack Organizations Based on Knowledge Graphs" Electronics 15, no. 1: 87. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics15010087

APA Style

Su, H., Zhang, X., Li, L., & Zheng, L. (2026). Correlation Analysis of APT Attack Organizations Based on Knowledge Graphs. Electronics, 15(1), 87. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics15010087

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