2,346 Results Found

The Therapeutic Community (TC) model is considered an effective treatment for substance dependence, particularly for individuals with complex presentations. While a popular approach for this cohort across a number of countries, few studies have focus...

A series of behavioral detection paradigms have been developed for zebrafish (Danio rerio) to examine anxiety-like behavioral responses. Among them, the novel tank diving test is rapidly gaining popularity in translational neuroscience and behavioral...

Temperature-dependent IR spectroscopy capable of revealing specific changes in the band intensities, positions, and shape was used to increase the information on humic substances (HS) from soils. Temperature dependences of IR spectra of HS isolated f...

Background: Psychoactive substance use is a major public health concern globally. Though youth attending higher education institutions are considered particularly vulnerable to psychoactive substances, there is a paucity of evidence in Ethiopia. We a...

Background: Poor adherence to treatment is a common clinical problem in individuals affected by mental illness and substance use/dependence. In Italy, mental care is organized in a psychiatric service and addiction unit (SERD), characterized by dual...

The idea that specific kind of foods may have an addiction potential and that some forms of overeating may represent an addicted behavior has been discussed for decades. In recent years, the interest in food addiction is growing and research on this...

Substance abuse or drug dependence is a prevalent phenomenon, and is on the rise in United States. Important contributing factors for the prevalence are the addictive nature of certain medicinal/prescriptive drugs, individual dispositions (biological...

The aim of this meta-analysis was to compare psychodynamic with other treatments in studies of substance addiction. The literature search was conducted using the PubMed, Web of Science, Cohcrane library, SCOPUS, and Onesearch databases. All studies c...

This paper examines factors associated with change in PTSD symptom severity among individuals randomised to receive an integrated exposure-based psychotherapy for PTSD and substance dependence–Concurrent Treatment of PTSD and Substance Use Disorders...

Patients with substance use disorders may view healthcare professionals as capable of supporting them through their suffering and experience. Although numerous studies have focused on the roles, approaches, and attitudes of healthcare professionals,...

Background/Objectives: This study investigated postural stability in male inmates of a semi-open correctional facility, with a specific focus on comparing individuals with and without a history of substance dependence. The aim was to identify how add...

Knowledge about determinants of addiction in people taking addictive substances is poor and needs to be supplemented. The novelty of this paper consists in the analysis of innovative aspects of current research about relationships between determinant...

Background: research shows that university students’ academic engagement and performance can be usefully predicted by academic behavioural confidence (ABC), a set of self-beliefs in study-focused behaviours. While demographic and institutional...

In the past twenty years, the consumption of opioid medications has reached significant proportions, leading to a rise in drug misuse and abuse and increased opioid dependence and related fatalities. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine w...

Cannabis is a widely used substance among the youth population, with an estimated 2.8% currently smoking cannabis. Its popularity is growing due to the perception of its harmless nature and lack of dependence. However, this increase in use has been l...

With the growth of female inmates worldwide, research regarding specific treatment of these has become more important. Although new programs have been started, the lack of scientific results is startling. The goal of the current study was to identify...

Novel per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) were recently identified in drinking water sources throughout North Carolina. These include the perfluoroether acids (PFEAs) perfluoro-2-methoxyacetic acid (PFMOAA), perfluoro-2-methoxypropanoic acid (...

The improvement of Lavandula angustifolia Mill. seed germination represents a crucial step towards the development of eco-biotechnological solutions for the sustainable propagation of aromatic plants. This study evaluated the effects of four biostimu...

A series of in vivo and in vitro studies using animal and human models in the past 15 years have demonstrated that approximately 55% (~66% in humans) of the glucose disposal effect of an i.v. injection of insulin in the fed state is dependent on the...

Genetics intersects with environmental, cultural, and social factors in the development of addictive disorders. This study reports the feasibility of whole-exome sequencing of trios (subject and two family members) to discover potential genetic varia...

The escalating challenges of climate change, soil degradation, and the need to ensure global food security are driving the transition towards more sustainable agricultural practices. Biostimulants, a diverse category of substances and microorganisms,...

This study addresses the challenge of assessing the carcinogenic potential of hazardous chemical mixtures, such as per- and polyfluorinated substances (PFASs), which are known to contribute significantly to cancer development. Here, we propose a nove...

The capabilities of temperature-monitored IR spectroscopy for studying the organic matter and mineral composition of humic substances (HS) were tested. Temperature dependences of the mid-IR spectra of humic substances heated in the air in the range 2...

Long-term memory formation requires coordinated regulation of gene expression and persistent changes in cell function. For decades, research has implicated histone modifications in regulating chromatin compaction necessary for experience-dependent ch...

Recreational drug intake may be associated with a range of medical untoward consequences, including male infertility. However, as the related evidence is still limited, the main outcome of this review is to provide a better understanding of the exist...

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a noninvasive, drug-free, neural-circuit-based therapeutic tool that was recently cleared by the United States Food and Drug Associate for the treatment of smoking cessation. TMS has been investi...

Some PFASs are immunotoxic in rodent models and associated with diminished vaccine response in exposed humans. This study assessed the immunotoxicity of four PFASs via the T cell-dependent IgM antibody response (TDAR) to sheep red blood cells (SRBCs)...

Trihexyphenidyl (THP)—a synthetic anticholinergic medication used to manage parkinsonism and extrapyramidal symptoms—has gained significant clinical recognition. However, there is a critical gap in understanding its withdrawal effects. Th...

Introduction: Advances in experimental psychology have led to a better understanding of automatic, unconscious processes, referred to as attentional biases. Despite the growing evidence from meta-analytical studies, we still do not understand why som...

Although tobacco use is the leading preventable cause of death and is elevated among patients with substance use disorders, many substance use treatment centers (SUTCs) do not offer tobacco use interventions (i.e., screening and treatment). This stud...

Obesity is a global issue and it has been suggested that an addiction to certain foods could be a factor contributing to overeating and subsequent obesity. Only one tool, the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) has been developed to specifically assess...

We propose and discuss an effective tool for substance detection and identification using a broadband THz pulse that is based on frequency conversion near the substance absorption frequencies. With this aim, we analyze the evolution of spectral inten...

The prevalence of tobacco use increases in times of stress; however, during the initial stage of the COVID-19 pandemic, tobacco use rates stayed the same in most populations. Previous work focused on the initial months of the pandemic, while this stu...

Previous studies in animals and humans have shown multiple types of interaction between alcohol (ethanol) intake and the catecholamine signaling molecules: dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine. This literature suggests that the administration of...

Background: In this study, we determined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Western Sydney patients with substance use disorders (SUD) by comparing emergency department (ED) admission rates before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and...

Background: In recent years, in Europe, there has been a growing concern about the use of sexualized drugs among men who have sex with men (MSM), due to its possible link to an increase in sexually transmitted infections. The aim of this review is to...

The escalating rates of morbidity and mortality associated with opioid use disorder (OUD) have spurred a critical need for improved treatment outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the impact of prolonged exposure to Fentanyl, a potent opioid, on...

The aim of the current investigation was to identify universal profiles of lived spirituality. A study on a large sample of participants (N = 5512) across three countries, India, China, and the United States, suggested there are at least five cross-c...

Alcohol use disorder is a pervasive healthcare issue with significant socioeconomic consequences. There is a plethora of neural imaging techniques available at the clinical and preclinical level, including magnetic resonance imaging and three-dimensi...

Introduction: Substance use disorder (SUD) is a significant global clinical issue marked by the excessive consumption of alcohol, nicotine, and various psychoactive substances, leading to impaired social, cognitive, and occupational functioning. Indi...

Dexamphetamine (DEX) is widely used in treatments, but concerns persist about its potential for addiction. This review aimed to assess the risks of DEX addiction by examining the existing literature. Originally planned as a systematic review, it was...

Background/Objectives: The prison environment presents a unique context for examining the impact of addiction on physical and psychological functioning. Individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs) are overrepresented in correctional facilities an...

The main objective of the research was to examine the associations between problematic alcohol use, tobacco use and cannabis use among Czech and Slovak university students during the early COVID-19 pandemic. The research sample consisted of 1422 part...

Deoxynivalenol (DON), the most naturally-occurring trichothecenes, may affect animal and human health by causing vomiting as a hallmark of food poisoning. Deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside (D3G) usually co-occurs with DON as its glucosylated form and is ano...

Different types of rewards are applied in persuasive games to encourage play persistence of its users and facilitate the achievement of desired real-world goals, such as behavioral change. Persuasive games have successfully been applied in mental hea...

Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) are an essential food for the human diet and thus represent an important source of biologically active substances. This study aimed at investigating the content of bioactive substances (total anthocyanin and polyphenol...

(1) Background: Internet gaming disorder (IGD) shares many similarities with substance use disorder (SUD), contributing to its recognition as an addictive disorder. Nevertheless, no study has compared IGD to other addictive disorders in terms of pers...

Alcoholism and drug addiction have marked impacts on the ability of families to function. Much of the literature has been focused on adult members of a family who present with substance dependency. There is limited research into the effects of adoles...

We propose an effective method for the detection and identification of dangerous substances by using the broadband THz pulse. This pulse excites, for example, many vibrational or rotational energy levels of molecules simultaneously. By analyzing the...

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is caused by infectious insults, such as pneumonia from various pathogens or related to other noninfectious events. Clinical and histopathologic characteristics are similar across severely affected patients,...