In these times of Industrial 4.0 and Health 4.0, people currently want to enhance the ability of science and technology, to focus on patient aspects. However, with intelligent, green energy and biomedicine these days, traditional three-dimensional (3...
Stimulus electro-responsive polymer materials can reversibly change their physical or chemical properties under various external stimuli such as temperature, light, force, humidity, pH, and magnetic fields. This review introduces typical conventional...
Properties and applications of synthetic thiol- and disulfide-based materials, principally polymers, are reviewed. Emphasis is placed on soft and self-assembling materials in which interconversion of the thiol and disulfide groups initiates stimulus-...
Stimulus-responsive microporous solid thin films were successfully fabricated by simple molecular self-assembly via an amphiphilic block polymer, polystryene–b–polyacrylic acid (PS–b–PAA). The solid thin films exhibit different surface morphologies i...
In mental rotation, males consistently outperform females in performance and confidence. Both can affect math anxiety. In the present study, 107 undergraduate students (85 female) solved a mental-rotation test either with cube (C-MRT) or pellet (P-MR...
The term “nanosheets” has been coined recently to describe supported and free-standing “ultrathin film” materials, with thicknesses ranging from a single atomic layer to a few tens of nanometers. Owing to their physicochemical...
By decoding the behavioral mechanisms underlying material perception, this study pioneers a sensory nudging strategy to accelerate the adoption of sustainable materials. This study, grounded in the Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) model, investigat...
The versatility of emulsions as templates for fabricating functional materials has garnered significant attention in recent decades. Emulsions with tailored geometries provide a powerful platform for designing and synthesizing polymeric materials wit...
Hydrogel materials have become an efficient, bioactive, and multifunctional alternative with great potential for biomedical applications. In this work, photoactive films were successfully designed for optical processing, and their photoactivity was t...
The development of stimulus-responsive photosensitizer delivery systems that carry a high payload of photosensitizers is of great importance in photodynamic therapy. In this study, redox-responsive polysilsesquioxane nanoparticles (PSilQNPs) built by...
Smart responsive materials can react to external stimuli via a reversible mechanism and can be directly combined with a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) to deliver various intelligent applications, such as sensors, actuators, robots, artificial mus...
Mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN)-based intelligent transport systems have attracted many researchers’ attention due to the characteristics of uniform pore and particle size distribution, good biocompatibility, high surface area, and versatile fun...
The material bone has attracted the attention of material scientists due to its fracture resistance and ability to self-repair. A mechanoregulated exchange of damaged bone using newly synthesized material avoids the accumulation of fatigue damage. Th...
The technology of 4DP utilizes shape memory materials (SMMs). Among the SMMs, SMP is the material that has potential and is ideal for this technology. However, due to their restrictions, fillers are incorporated to produce a novel shape memory polyme...
Ion transport is a significant concept that underlies a variety of technologies including membrane technology, energy storages, optical, chemical, and biological sensors and ion-mobility exploration techniques. These applications are based on the con...
In this work, giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) were synthesized by blending the natural phospholipid 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) with a photoswitchable amphiphile (1) that undergoes photoisomerization upon irradiation wit...
Complex coacervates formed through the association of charged polymers with oppositely charged species are often investigated for controlled release applications and can provide highly sustained (multi-day, -week or -month) release of both small-mole...
The photosensitive properties of smart photoactive polymers give them a wide range of potential applications across various fields. This study focuses on designing polymeric systems that incorporate hydrophilic polymers, with the primary goal of adap...
Artificial muscles translate the biological principles of motion into soft, adaptive, and multifunctional actuation. This review accordingly highlights research into natural actuation strategies, such as skeletal muscles, muscular hydrostats, spider...
Heteroaggregation is the aggregation of mixed particle systems where the colloidal particles may differ in charge, size and chemical composition. The phenomenon of heteroaggregation is of great relevance in industrial processes and the natural enviro...
Stimulus-responsive afterglow materials refer to a class of substances whose afterglow characteristics alter under external stimuli, showing considerable potential for advanced applications in anti-counterfeiting, optoelectronic displays, chemical se...
To explore whether temporal electroencephalography (EEG) traits can dissociate the physical properties of touching objects and the congruence effects of cross-modal stimuli, we applied a machine learning approach to two major temporal domain EEG trai...
Materials that are capable of adapting their properties dynamically to an external stimulus are called stimuli-responsive or “smart materials” [...]
Background and Objectives: Decreased balance function in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients is influenced by impaired gravity perception, which can be measured by the subjective visual vertical (SVV) test. The value of this test can be increased by exe...
Information encryption and anti-counterfeiting play an important role in many aspects of daily life, such as in minimizing economic losses, protecting secure communication and public security, and so on. Owing to the high information capacity and eas...
Four-dimensional (4D) printing is an innovative additive manufacturing technology used to fabricate structures that can evolve over time when exposed to a predefined environmental stimulus. 4D printed objects are no longer static objects but programm...
Smart and modern thermoplastic polymer materials are defined as novel thermoplastic materials that are capable of responding to external stimuli through a macroscopic output in which the energy of the stimulus is transduced appropriately as a functio...
Luminescent materials are capable of transforming certain types of energy into electromagnetic radiation, which means that in response to a specific stimulus, these materials emit light typically within the ultraviolet (UV) to the infrared (IR) spect...
Electron-trapping materials have attracted a lot of attention in the field of optical data storage. However, the lack of suitable trap levels has hindered its development and application in the field of optical data storage. Herein, Lu3Al5O12:Ce3+ fl...
Photoresponsiveness is a promising characteristic of stimulus-responsive materials. Photoresponsiveness can be achieved by incorporating photoresponsive molecules into polymeric materials. In addition, multiple-stimuli-responsive materials have attra...
The structure of certain nonliving tissues determines their self-shaping and self-folding capabilities in response to a stimulus. Predetermined movements are realized according to changes in the environmental conditions due to the generated stresses...
Agriculture is facing challenges such as water scarcity, low fertilizer utilization, food security and environmental sustainability. Therefore, the development of slow-release fertilizer (SRF) with controlled water retention and release is particular...
Layered Structures of Metal Ionic Polymers, or Ionic Polymer-Metal Composites (IPMCs) are formed by a membrane of an ionic electroactive materials flanked by two metal electrodes on both surfaces; they are devices able to change their shape upon appl...
As the world’s second most abundant renewable natural phenolic polymer after cellulose, lignin is an extremely complex, amorphous, highly cross-linked class of aromatic polyphenolic macromolecules. Due to its special aromatic structure, lignin...
Hydrogel has become a commonly used material for 3D and 4D printing due to its favorable biocompatibility and low cost. Additive manufacturing, also known as 3D printing, was originally referred to as rapid prototyping manufacturing. Variable-feature...
Smart materials and structures are capable of active or passive changes in terms of shapes (geometries), properties, and mechanical or electromagnetic responses, in reaction to an external stimulus, such as light, temperature, stress, moisture, and e...
3D printing is a manufacturing technique in constant evolution. Day by day, new materials and methods are discovered, making 3D printing continually develop. 3D printers are also evolving, giving us objects with better resolution, faster, and in mass...
Phosphorescent sensors are essential for rapid visual sensing of volatile acids, due to their profound impact on ecosystems and human health. However, solid phosphorescent materials for acid-base stimulus response are still rare, and it is important...
This paper aims to establish six-dimensional (6D) printing as a new branch of additive manufacturing investigating its benefits, advantages as well as possible limitations concerning the design and manufacturing of effective smart structures. The con...
Multifunctional materials and devices with captivating properties can be assembled from cellulose and cellulose-based composite materials combining functionality with structural performance. Cellulose is one of the most abundant renewable materials w...
Poly(2-oxazoline)s are regarded as pseudopeptides, thus bioinspired polymers, due to their structural relationship to polypeptides. Materials and solution properties can be tuned by varying the side-chain (hydrophilic-hydrophobic, chiral, bioorganic,...
The flexibility in polymer properties has allowed the development of a broad range of materials with electroactivity, such as intrinsically conductive conjugated polymers, percolated conductive composites, and ionic conductive hydrogels. These smart...
Four-dimensional (4D) printing is a unique application of additive manufacturing (AM) which enables additional shape transformations over time. Although 4D printing is an interesting and attractive phenomenon, it still faces several challenges before...
Light-emitting materials have received considerable attention because of their broad applications as substrates in bio-imaging and sensing components, light-emitting displays, and lighting devices. Herein, we developed fluorinated tolane and bistolan...
Gallium (Ga)-based liquid metals (LMs), as an emerging functional material, stand out among many candidates due to their combination of fluidic and metallic attributes, and they have extensively attracted the attention of academic researchers. When f...
The easy and remote switching of light makes this stimulus an ideal candidate for a large number of applications, among which the preparation of photoresponsive materials stands out. The interest of several scientists in this area in order to achieve...
Nowadays, the self-healing approach in materials science mainly relies on functionalized polymers used as matrices in nanocomposites. Through different physicochemical pathways and stimuli, these materials can undergo self-repairing mechanisms that r...
Stimulus-responsive materials hold significant promise for antitumor applications due to their variable structures and physical properties. In this paper, a series of peptides with a responsive viologen derivative, Pep-CnV (n = 1, 2, 3) were designed...
Background and Objectives: The attentional bias and information processing model explained that individuals who interpret pain stimuli as threatening may increase their attention toward pain-related information. Previous eye tracking studies found pa...
The desire to customize the properties of a material through complete control over both its chemical and architectural structure has created a constant and persistent need for efficient and convenient characterization techniques. Inverse gas chromato...
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