X-ray phase-contrast imaging (XPCI) is a family of imaging techniques that makes contrast visible due to phase shifts in the sample. Phase-sensitive techniques can potentially be several orders of magnitude more sensitive than attenuation-based techn...
We present results of large-scale Monte Carlo simulations of the 2D classical x-y model on the square lattice. We obtain high accuracy results for the superfluid fraction and for the specific heat as a function of temperature, for systems of size L×L...
The interactions of the basic, cell-penetrating region (Y47GRKKRRQRRR57) of the HIV-1 Tat protein with dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC) bilayers were previously assessed by comparing experimental X-ray diffuse scattering with atomistic molecular dy...
Detection and characterization of hidden defects, impurities, and damages in homogeneous materials like aluminum die casting materials, as well as composite materials like Fiber–Metal Laminates (FML), is still a challenge. This work discusses m...
An aluminized coating can improve the high-temperature oxidation resistance of turbine blades, but the inter-diffusion of elements renders the coating’s thickness difficult to achieve in non-destructive testing. As a typical method for coating...
In this work, we developed and validated two novel imaging geometries of benchtop multi-pinhole X-ray fluorescence computed tomography (XFCT) systems with Geant4 Toolkit. One of the Monte Carlo (MC) models utilized a fan beam source to illuminate a s...
High-energy microfocus X-ray sources are increasingly applied in non-destructive testing, high-resolution imaging, and additive manufacturing. The design and optimization of the anode target critically determine source efficiency, spectral characteri...
As a novel pavement wear layer material, the micromechanical mechanisms of High-toughness Ultra-thin Friction Course (HUFC) have not been fully elucidated. This paper presents a new method for the three-dimensional micromechanical simulation of high-...
The microstructure of a mixed KCl and K2SO4 aqueous solution was studied using X-ray scattering (XRS), Raman spectroscopy, and molecular dynamics simulation (MD). Reduced structure functions [F(Q)], reduced pair distribution functions [G(r)], Raman s...
With the increasing popularity of vertical take-off and landing unmanned aerial vehicles (VTOL UAVs), a new problem arises: pilot training. Most conventional pilot training simulators are designed for full-scale aircrafts, while most UAV simulators a...
X-ray scattering significantly limits image quality. Conventional strategies for scatter reduction based on physical equipment or measurements inevitably increase the dose to improve the image quality. In addition, scatter reduction based on a comput...
Vehicle to Everything (V2X) technology is fast evolving, and it will soon transform our driving experience. Vehicles employ On-Board Units (OBUs) to interact with various V2X devices, and these data are used for calculation and detection. Safety, eff...
Urban growth and rising vehicle usage have intensified congestion, accidents, and environmental impact, exposing the limitations of traditional traffic management systems. This study introduces a dual-incident simulation framework to investigate the...
Molecular Dynamics simulations study material structure and dynamics at the atomic level. X-ray and neutron scattering experiments probe exactly the same time- and length scales as the simulations. In order to benchmark simulations against measured s...
This study investigates the absorption of X-rays in mandibular tissues by comparing real tissues with tissue-equivalent materials using the PHITS Monte Carlo simulation program. The simulation was conducted over a range of X-ray photon energies from...
The internal three-dimensional characteristics of X-ray microtomography (micro-CT) has great application potential in the field of bronze corrosion. This work presents a method of simulating bronze disease based on an in situ micro-CT image to study...
Conventional energy management strategies (EMSs) of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) only utilize in-vehicle information, such as an acceleration pedal, velocity, acceleration, engine RPM, state of charge (SOC), and radar. This paper presents a new EM...
The effect of SRB and applied potential on the stress corrosion sensitivity of X80 pipeline steel was analyzed in high-pH soil simulated solution under different conditions using a slow strain rate tensile test, electrochemical test, and electronic m...
Cracks in rock and concrete have a great adverse effect on the stability of engineering structures; however, there are few studies on X-shaped fissures which widely exist in rock and concrete structures. Based on this background, three-point bending...
As a core application of V2X technology, vehicle–road collaboration enables dynamic coordination among road users (pedestrians, vehicles), infrastructure, and networks through real-time, omnidirectional information exchange. This system represe...
The adsorption of proteins onto surfaces significantly impacts biomaterials, medical devices, and biological processes. This study aims to provide insights into the irreversible adsorption process of multiprotein complexes, particularly focusing on t...
This work theoretically compared the X-ray attenuation capabilities in natural rubber (NR) composites containing bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) by determining the effects of multi-layered structures on the shielding properties of the composites using two diff...
Explosives detection systems (EDS) based on X-ray are used at airports to screen baggage for the presence of explosives. In Europe and the United States, EDS equipment is tested extensively by specialist test centres prior to approval for operational...
Explosives detection systems (EDS) based on X-ray are used at airports to screen baggage for the presence of explosives. Once EDS are installed in airports, however, it can be challenging to test the EDS equipment and verify that it continues to perf...
In an acidic red soil environment, the corrosion mechanism of X80 steel may be closely related to the pH value and oxygen content, but it has not yet formed a systematic understanding. In this paper, the coupling effects of pH and dissolved oxygen on...
Chest X-rays (CXRs) represent the first tool globally employed to detect cardiopulmonary pathologies. These acquisitions are highly affected by scattered photons due to the large field of view required. Scatter in CXRs introduces background in the im...
Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery is a vital tool for flood mapping due to its capability to acquire images day and night in almost any weather and to penetrate through cloud cover. In rural areas, SAR backscatter intensity can be used to detect...
A self-focusing field emission (FE) X-ray tube with a large-area cathode design was simulated and fabricated. The designed X-ray tube had a cylindrically symmetric geometry; the diameter of the cathode and the anode was 15 mm, and the cathode-anode d...
This paper deals with the simulation of output beam parameters of the inverse Compton X-ray Source (ICS). The simulation takes into account the main parameters of the laser and electron beams, such as their pulse shapes, polarization properties as we...
To obtain a high-performance surface acoustic wave (SAW) gyroscope substrate, the propagation characteristics and gyroscopic effect of Rayleigh waves in a 128°Y–X LiNbO3/SiO2/Si (LNOI) functional substrate were investigated with a three-dim...
During injection molding of short glass fiber reinforced composites, a complex structure is formed due to the fiber movement. The resulting fiber orientation can be predicted using various simulation models. However, the models are known to have inad...
X-ray fluorescence is often employed in the measurement of the thickness of coatings. Despite its widespread nature, the task is not straightforward because of the complex physics involved, which results in high dependence on matrix effects. Thicknes...
We investigated the influence of modifying the voltage of an X-ray tube with a tungsten anode between 30 kV and 225 kV, and therefore its photon energy spectrum (up to 225 keV), on the Total Ionizing Dose deposited in a single-mode, phosphorus-doped...
A series of three-dimensional numerical simulations were performed to understand the thermal-solutal capillary-buoyancy flow of Ge1-xSix melts during Czochralski crystal growth with a rotating crystal or crucible. The crystal and crucible rotation Re...
In this study, we modified the previously proposed X2CT-GAN to build a 2Dto3D-GAN of the spine. This study also incorporated the radiologist’s perspective in the adjustment of input signals to prove the feasibility of the automatic production o...
Radiation-based instruments have been widely used in petrochemical and oil industries to monitor liquid products transported through the same pipeline. Different radioactive gamma-ray emitter sources are typically used as radiation generators in the...
Oxygen diffusion in (PuxTh1−x)O2 mixed oxide crystals was investigated using molecular dynamics simulation. The model systems were isolated nanocrystals of 5460 and 15,960 particles, featuring a free surface. The oxygen diffusion coefficient D...
In mountain basins, the use of long-range operational weather radars is often associated with poor quantitative precipitation estimation due to a number of challenges posed by the complexity of terrain. As a result, the applicability of radar-based p...
Tubulin has been recently reported to form a large family consisting of various gene isoforms; however, the differences in the molecular features of tubulin dimers composed of a combination of these isoforms remain unknown. Therefore, we attempted to...
This paper estimates the yields of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) induced by ultrasoft X-rays and uses the DSB yields and the repair outcomes to evaluate the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of ultrasoft X-rays. We simulated the yields of DSB...
The detection of hidden defects in materials using X-ray images is still a challenge. Often, a lot of defects are not directly visible in visual inspection. In this work, a data-driven feature marking model is introduced to perform semantic pixel ann...
Material-resolving computed tomography is a powerful and well-proven tool for various clinical applications. For industrial scan setups and materials, several problems, such as K-edge absence and beam hardening, prevent the direct transfer of these m...
Accurate models are used today for infrared and microwave satellite radiance simulations of the first two Stokes elements in the physical retrieval, data assimilation etc. of surface and atmospheric parameters. Although in the past a number of theore...
In this work, we report on incorporating for the first time tree-algorithm based solvers into the molecular dynamics code, XMDYN. XMDYN was developed to describe the interaction of ultrafast X-ray pulses with atomic assemblies. It is also a part of t...
Modern aviation technology development heavily relies on computer simulations. SIL (Software-In-The-Loop) simulations are essential for evaluating autopilots and control algorithms for multi-rotors, including drones and other UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Ve...
The number density profiles of elements N and O in the altitude range of 120–250 km are retrieved by simulation based on X-ray occultation. Based on the parameters of the NICER telescope, the energy spectrum forward model of the Crab Nebula in...
Numerical simulations of rainfall-runoff processes are useful tools for understanding hydrological processes and performing impact assessment studies. The advancements in computer technology and data availability have assisted their rapid development...
This study investigates the use of Si and CdTe-based Timepix3 detectors for photovoltaic energy conversion using solar X-rays and other high-energy electromagnetic radiation in space. As space missions increasingly rely on miniaturized platforms like...
Extended reality (XR) technologies are gaining traction in technical education due to their potential for creating immersive and interactive training environments. This study presents the development and empirical evaluation of X-RAPT, a collaborativ...
By combining X-ray absorption fine structure and X-ray diffraction measurements with density functional and molecular dynamics simulations, we study the structure of a set of AgxBi1−xS2 nanoparticles, a materials system of considerable current...
of 103