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463 Results Found

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
3,168 Views
19 Pages

20 October 2022

Accurate spatial distribution and area of crops are important basic data for assessing agricultural productivity and ensuring food security. Traditional classification methods tend to fit most categories, which will cause the classification accuracy...

(This article belongs to the Section Remote Sensing in Agriculture and Vegetation)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
861 Views
34 Pages

31 December 2025

Oversampling is common and effective in resolving the classification problem of imbalanced data. Traditional oversampling methods are prone to generating overlapping or noisy samples. Clustering can effectively alleviate the above problems to a certa...

  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
3,749 Views
21 Pages

13 October 2023

Intrusion detection systems (IDSs) play a pivotal role in safeguarding networks and systems against malicious activities. However, the challenge of imbalanced datasets significantly impacts IDS research, skewing learning models towards the majority c...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Artificial Intelligence for Attack Detection, Financial Services, and Biometrics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
3,525 Views
24 Pages

Enhancing Electricity Theft Detection through K-Nearest Neighbors and Logistic Regression Algorithms with Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique: A Case Study on State Electricity Company (PLN) Customer Data

  • Yan Maraden,
  • Gunawan Wibisono,
  • I Gde Dharma Nugraha,
  • Budi Sudiarto and ,
  • Fauzan Hanif Jufri,
  • Kazutaka and
  • Anton Satria Prabuwono
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

16 July 2023

Electricity theft has caused massive losses and damage to electricity utilities. The damage affects the electricity supply’s quality and increases the generation load. The losses happen not only for the electricity utilities but also affect the...

(This article belongs to the Section F: Electrical Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,091 Views
42 Pages

Towards Robust SDN Security: A Comparative Analysis of Oversampling Techniques with ML and DL Classifiers

  • Aboubakr Bajenaid,
  • Maher Khemakhem,
  • Fathy E. Eassa,
  • Farid Bourennani and ,
  • Junaid M. Qurashi,
  • Abdulaziz A. Alsulami and
  • Badraddin Alturki
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

28 February 2025

Software-defined networking (SDN) is becoming a predominant architecture for managing diverse networks. However, recent research has exhibited the susceptibility of SDN architectures to cyberattacks, which increases its security challenges. Many rese...

(This article belongs to the Section Computer Science & Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
37 Citations
5,625 Views
23 Pages

A Novel Feature-Engineered–NGBoost Machine-Learning Framework for Fraud Detection in Electric Power Consumption Data

  • Saddam Hussain,
  • Mohd Wazir Mustafa,
  • Khalil Hamdi Ateyeh Al-Shqeerat,
  • Faisal Saeed and
  • Bander Ali Saleh Al-rimy

17 December 2021

This study presents a novel feature-engineered–natural gradient descent ensemble-boosting (NGBoost) machine-learning framework for detecting fraud in power consumption data. The proposed framework was sequentially executed in three stages: data...

(This article belongs to the Section Intelligent Sensors)
  • Article
  • Open Access
24 Citations
3,200 Views
29 Pages

7 February 2023

Rockburst is a common and huge hazard in underground engineering, and the scientific prediction of rockburst disasters can reduce the risks caused by rockburst. At present, developing an accurate and reliable rockburst risk prediction model remains a...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,026 Views
21 Pages

16 March 2025

This study presents a novel localization framework that leverages the unique properties of chirp signals combined with a time division multiple access (TDMA)-based tactical data link to achieve high-precision positioning. Chirp signals, with their wi...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in the 'Sensor Networks' Section 2024)
  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
2,852 Views
17 Pages

12 August 2022

Dried Hami jujube has great commercial and nutritional value. Starch-head and mildewed fruit are defective jujubes that pose a threat to consumer health. A novel method for detecting starch-head and mildewed fruit in dried Hami jujubes with visible/n...

(This article belongs to the Section Food Quality and Safety)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
875 Views
23 Pages

ASROT: A Novel Resampling Algorithm to Balance Training Datasets for Classification of Minor Crops in High-Elevation Regions

  • Wei Li,
  • Jie Zhu,
  • Tongjie Li,
  • Zhiyuan Ma and ,
  • Timothy A. Warner,
  • Hengbiao Zheng,
  • Chongya Jiang,
  • Tao Cheng,
  • Yongchao Tian and
  • Xia Yao
  • + 7 authors+ 2 authors

25 November 2025

Accurately mapping crop distribution is important for environmental and food security applications. The success of machine learning algorithms (MLs) applied to mapping crops is partly dependent on the acquisition of sufficient training samples. Howev...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
2,927 Views
34 Pages

19 February 2025

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) lead to higher hospital readmission rates and healthcare costs, representing a significant global healthcare burden. Machine learning (ML) has demonstrated potential in predicting SSIs; however, the challen...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Artificial Intelligence for Clinical Diagnostic Decision Making)
  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
3,939 Views
12 Pages

26 February 2024

The problems of imbalanced datasets are generally considered asymmetric issues. In asymmetric problems, artificial intelligence models may exhibit different biases or preferences when dealing with different classes. In the process of addressing class...

(This article belongs to the Section A: Computer Science)
  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
5,064 Views
19 Pages

11 February 2022

Cyanobacterial blooms appear by complex causes such as water quality, climate, and hydrological factors. This study aims to present the machine learning models to predict occurrences of these complicated cyanobacterial blooms efficiently and effectiv...

(This article belongs to the Section Water Quality and Contamination)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,940 Views
44 Pages

6 May 2025

Machine learning (ML) has emerged as a powerful tool in transformer condition assessment, enabling more accurate diagnostics by leveraging historical test data. However, imbalanced datasets, often characterized by limited samples in poor transformer...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dielectric Insulation in Medium- and High-Voltage Power Equipment—Degradation and Failure Mechanism, Diagnostics, and Electrical Parameters Improvement: 2nd Edition)
  • Correction
  • Open Access
1,056 Views
1 Page

Correction: Reshadi et al. Deep-Shallow Metaclassifier with Synthetic Minority Oversampling for Anomaly Detection in a Time Series. Algorithms 2024, 17, 114

  • MohammadHossein Reshadi,
  • Wen Li,
  • Wenjie Xu,
  • Precious Omashor and ,
  • Albert Dinh,
  • Jun Xiao,
  • Scott Dick,
  • Yuntong She and
  • Michael Lipsett
  • + 4 authors+ 0 author

5 September 2024

The authors wish to make the following correction to their paper [...]

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
2,977 Views
18 Pages

An Enhanced Gas Sensor Data Classification Method Using Principal Component Analysis and Synthetic Minority Over-Sampling Technique Algorithms

  • Xianzhang Zeng,
  • Muhammad Shahzeb,
  • Xin Cheng,
  • Qiang Shen and ,
  • Hongyang Xiao,
  • Cao Xia,
  • Yuanlin Xia,
  • Yubo Huang,
  • Jingfei Xu and
  • Zhuqing Wang
  • + 5 authors+ 0 author

16 December 2024

This study addresses the challenge of multi-dimensional and small gas sensor data classification using a gelatin–carbon black (CB-GE) composite film sensor, achieving 91.7% accuracy in differentiating gas types (ethanol, acetone, and air). Key...

  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
4,441 Views
22 Pages

15 December 2023

Predicting nurse turnover is a growing challenge within the healthcare sector, profoundly impacting healthcare quality and the nursing profession. This study employs the Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE) to address class imbalance is...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,255 Views
22 Pages

13 April 2024

This study was focused on deriving the MTSA-related accident reduction rate (ARR) required to calculate the safety benefits before and after expanding the scope of the system. By performing spatial analysis using geographic information system technol...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applied Maritime Engineering and Transportation Problems 2022)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,913 Views
26 Pages

2 September 2024

The increase in mining depth necessitates higher strength requirements for hard rock pillars, making mine pillar stability analysis crucial for pillar design and underground safety operations. To enhance the accuracy of predicting the stability state...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,572 Views
20 Pages

3 September 2024

Achieving cyber-security has grown increasingly tricky because of the rising concern for internet connectivity and the significant growth in software-related applications. It also needs a robust defense system to defend itself from multiple cyberatta...

(This article belongs to the Section Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,369 Views
22 Pages

Ad-RuLer: A Novel Rule-Driven Data Synthesis Technique for Imbalanced Classification

  • Xiao Zhang,
  • Iván Paz,
  • Àngela Nebot,
  • Francisco Mugica and
  • Enrique Romero

23 November 2023

When classifiers face imbalanced class distributions, they often misclassify minority class samples, consequently diminishing the predictive performance of machine learning models. Existing oversampling techniques predominantly rely on the selection...

(This article belongs to the Section Computing and Artificial Intelligence)
  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
5,338 Views
13 Pages

Classification of Imbalanced Data Represented as Binary Features

  • Kunti Robiatul Mahmudah,
  • Fatma Indriani,
  • Yukiko Takemori-Sakai,
  • Yasunori Iwata and ,
  • Takashi Wada and
  • Kenji Satou
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

25 August 2021

Typically, classification is conducted on a dataset that consists of numerical features and target classes. For instance, a grayscale image, which is usually represented as a matrix of integers varying from 0 to 255, enables one to apply various clas...

  • Article
  • Open Access
29 Citations
8,428 Views
17 Pages

Predictive Modeling of Student Dropout in MOOCs and Self-Regulated Learning

  • Georgios Psathas,
  • Theano K. Chatzidaki and
  • Stavros N. Demetriadis

27 September 2023

The primary objective of this study is to examine the factors that contribute to the early prediction of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) dropouts in order to identify and support at-risk students. We utilize MOOC data of specific duration, with a...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Computer-Assisted Learning)
  • Article
  • Open Access
41 Citations
5,217 Views
16 Pages

10 March 2023

The Saarbruecken Voice Database (SVD) is a public database used by voice pathology detection systems. However, the distributions of the pathological and normal voice samples show a clear class imbalance. This study aims to develop a system for the cl...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue AI, Machine Learning and Deep Learning in Signal Processing)
  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
3,698 Views
12 Pages

19 April 2022

An important problem associated with the aerial mapping of the seabed is the precise classification of point clouds characterizing the water surface, bottom, and bottom objects. This study aimed to improve the accuracy of classification by addressing...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Measurement Systems in the Operation of Ships and Offshore Facilities)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,838 Views
32 Pages

14 August 2025

The imbalanced classification problem is a key research in machine learning as the relevant algorithms tend to focus on the features and patterns of the majority class instead of insufficient learning of the minority class, resulting in unsatisfactor...

(This article belongs to the Section A: Computer Science)
  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
6,292 Views
18 Pages

Exploring Machine Learning for Predicting Cerebral Stroke: A Study in Discovery

  • Rajib Mia,
  • Shapla Khanam,
  • Amira Mahjabeen,
  • Nazmul Hoque Ovy and ,
  • Deepak Ghimire,
  • Mi-Jin Park,
  • Mst Ismat Ara Begum and
  • A. S. M. Sanwar Hosen
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

Cerebral strokes, the abrupt cessation of blood flow to the brain, lead to a cascade of events, resulting in cellular damage due to oxygen and nutrient deprivation. Contemporary lifestyle factors, including high glucose levels, heart disease, obesity...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Machine Learning in Electronic and Biomedical Engineering, Volume II)
  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
4,522 Views
28 Pages

Impact of Imbalanced Datasets Preprocessing in the Performance of Associative Classifiers

  • Adolfo Rangel-Díaz-de-la-Vega,
  • Yenny Villuendas-Rey,
  • Cornelio Yáñez-Márquez,
  • Oscar Camacho-Nieto and
  • Itzamá López-Yáñez

16 April 2020

In this paper, an experimental study was carried out to determine the influence of imbalanced datasets preprocessing in the performance of associative classifiers, in order to find the better computational solutions to the problem of credit scoring....

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Data Preprocessing in Pattern Recognition: Recent Progress, Trends and Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,463 Views
19 Pages

Equalizer Parameters’ Adjustment Based on an Oversampled Channel Model for OFDM Modulation Systems

  • Marcin Kucharczyk,
  • Grzegorz Dziwoki,
  • Jacek Izydorczyk,
  • Wojciech Sułek and ,
  • Adam Dustor,
  • Wojciech Filipowski,
  • Weronika Izydorczyk,
  • Piotr Kłosowski,
  • Piotr Zawadzki and
  • Michał Rajzer
  • + 6 authors+ 1 author

22 February 2024

A physical model of a wireless transmission channel in the time domain usually consists of the main propagation path and only a few reflections. The reasonable assumptions made about the channel model can improve its parameters’ estimation by a...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Signal Processing and Wireless Communication)
  • Article
  • Open Access
33 Citations
6,569 Views
24 Pages

Deep Learning Feature Extraction Approach for Hematopoietic Cancer Subtype Classification

  • Kwang Ho Park,
  • Erdenebileg Batbaatar,
  • Yongjun Piao,
  • Nipon Theera-Umpon and
  • Keun Ho Ryu

Hematopoietic cancer is a malignant transformation in immune system cells. Hematopoietic cancer is characterized by the cells that are expressed, so it is usually difficult to distinguish its heterogeneities in the hematopoiesis process. Traditional...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Disease Prediction, Machine Learning, and Healthcare)
  • Technical Note
  • Open Access
92 Citations
10,018 Views
14 Pages

17 December 2019

The automatic production of land use/land cover maps continues to be a challenging problem, with important impacts on the ability to promote sustainability and good resource management. The ability to build robust automatic classifiers and produce ac...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
6,269 Views
23 Pages

6 March 2020

Techniques for estimating the plunger position have successfully proven to support operation and monitoring of electromagnetic actuators without the necessity of additional sensors. Sophisticated techniques in this field make use of an oversampled me...

  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
4,401 Views
10 Pages

Strategy to Predict High and Low Frequency Behaviors Using Triaxial Accelerometers in Grazing of Beef Cattle

  • Rafael N. Watanabe,
  • Priscila A. Bernardes,
  • Eliéder P. Romanzini,
  • Larissa G. Braga and ,
  • Thaís R. Brito,
  • Ronyatta W. Teobaldo,
  • Ricardo A. Reis and
  • Danísio P. Munari
  • + 3 authors+ 0 author

2 December 2021

Knowledge of animal behavior can be indicative of the well-being, health, productivity, and reproduction of animals. The use of accelerometers to classify and predict animal behavior can be a tool for continuous animal monitoring. Therefore, the aim...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Precision Livestock Farming: Technologies for Improving Animal Health, Welfare and Production)
  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
1,662 Views
14 Pages

OUCH: Oversampling and Undersampling Cannot Help Improve Accuracy in Our Bayesian Classifiers That Predict Preeclampsia

  • Franklin Parrales-Bravo,
  • Rosangela Caicedo-Quiroz,
  • Elena Tolozano-Benitez,
  • Víctor Gómez-Rodríguez and ,
  • Lorenzo Cevallos-Torres,
  • Jorge Charco-Aguirre and
  • Leonel Vasquez-Cevallos
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

25 October 2024

Unbalanced data can have an impact on the machine learning (ML) algorithms that build predictive models. This manuscript studies the influence of oversampling and undersampling strategies on the learning of the Bayesian classification models that pre...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applied Statistics in Real-World Problems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
4,343 Views
19 Pages

4 October 2021

The number of sensing data are often imbalanced across data classes, for which oversampling on the minority class is an effective remedy. In this paper, an effective oversampling method called evolutionary Mahalanobis distance oversampling (EMDO) is...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Sensing and Advanced Machine Learning Based Emerging Intelligent Systems (SMILES))
  • Article
  • Open Access
59 Citations
8,173 Views
20 Pages

29 June 2021

Land cover maps are a critical tool to support informed policy development, planning, and resource management decisions. With significant upsides, the automatic production of Land Use/Land Cover maps has been a topic of interest for the remote sensin...

(This article belongs to the Section Information and Communications Technology)
  • Article
  • Open Access
28 Citations
4,706 Views
9 Pages

On Combining Feature Selection and Over-Sampling Techniques for Breast Cancer Prediction

  • Min-Wei Huang,
  • Chien-Hung Chiu,
  • Chih-Fong Tsai and
  • Wei-Chao Lin

17 July 2021

Breast cancer prediction datasets are usually class imbalanced, where the number of data samples in the malignant and benign patient classes are significantly different. Over-sampling techniques can be used to re-balance the datasets to construct mor...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Big Data for eHealth Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
197 Citations
12,817 Views
15 Pages

Wireless Sensor Networks Intrusion Detection Based on SMOTE and the Random Forest Algorithm

  • Xiaopeng Tan,
  • Shaojing Su,
  • Zhiping Huang,
  • Xiaojun Guo and ,
  • Zhen Zuo,
  • Xiaoyong Sun and
  • Longqing Li
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

8 January 2019

With the wide application of wireless sensor networks in military and environmental monitoring, security issues have become increasingly prominent. Data exchanged over wireless sensor networks is vulnerable to malicious attacks due to the lack of phy...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Security and Privacy in Wireless Sensor Networks: Advances and Challenges)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,411 Views
14 Pages

23 April 2025

In view of the data of fault diagnosis and good product testing in the industrial field, high-noise unbalanced data samples exist widely, and such samples are very difficult to analyze in the field of data analysis. The oversampling technique has pro...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fuzzy Control Systems: Latest Advances and Prospects)
  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
4,632 Views
22 Pages

28 November 2020

One of the significant challenges in machine learning is the classification of imbalanced data. In many situations, standard classifiers cannot learn how to distinguish minority class examples from the others. Since many real problems are unbalanced,...

(This article belongs to the Section Artificial Intelligence)
  • Article
  • Open Access
348 Views
32 Pages

7 September 2026

Class imbalance is prevalent in real-world datasets. Minority samples are far fewer than majority samples. Traditional classifier design typically assumes balanced data, which causes classifiers to favor the majority class when faced with imbalanced...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligent Scheduling and Optimization in Smart Manufacturing)
  • Article
  • Open Access
968 Views
32 Pages

12 November 2025

For classification problems, an imbalanced dataset can seriously reduce the learning efficiency in machine learning. In order to solve this problem, many scholars have proposed a series of methods mainly from the data and algorithm levels. At the dat...

(This article belongs to the Section A: Computer Science)
  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
152 Citations
15,295 Views
12 Pages

Real-world datasets are heavily skewed where some classes are significantly outnumbered by the other classes. In these situations, machine learning algorithms fail to achieve substantial efficacy while predicting these underrepresented instances. To...

(This article belongs to the Collection Feature Paper Collection in Applied System Innovation)
  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
7,158 Views
22 Pages

AI-Assisted Security Alert Data Analysis with Imbalanced Learning Methods

  • Samuel Ndichu,
  • Tao Ban,
  • Takeshi Takahashi and
  • Daisuke Inoue

3 February 2023

Intrusion analysis is essential for cybersecurity, but oftentimes, the overwhelming number of false alerts issued by security appliances can prove to be a considerable hurdle. Machine learning algorithms can automate a task known as security alert da...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Technologies in Data and Information Security II)
  • Article
  • Open Access
34 Citations
5,920 Views
18 Pages

Application of Data Mining for the Prediction of Mortality and Occurrence of Complications for Gastric Cancer Patients

  • Cristiana Neto,
  • Maria Brito,
  • Vítor Lopes,
  • Hugo Peixoto and ,
  • António Abelha and
  • José Machado
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

28 November 2019

The development of malign cells that can grow in any part of the stomach, known as gastric cancer, is one of the most common causes of death worldwide. In order to increase the survival rate in patients with this condition, it is essential to improve...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligent Tools and Applications in Engineering and Mathematics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
69 Citations
7,201 Views
16 Pages

Background: Severe obesity is a global public health threat of growing proportions. Accurate models to predict severe postoperative complications could be of value in the preoperative assessment of potential candidates for bariatric surgery. So far,...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Future of Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Medicine)
  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
4,767 Views
22 Pages

5 November 2024

Cervical cancer affects a large portion of the female population, making the prediction of this disease using Machine Learning (ML) of utmost importance. ML algorithms can be integrated into complex, intelligent, agent-based systems that can offer de...

(This article belongs to the Section Biomedical Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,899 Views
14 Pages

1 October 2023

To alleviate the data imbalance problem caused by subjective and objective factors, scholars have developed different data-preprocessing algorithms, among which undersampling algorithms are widely used because of their fast and efficient performance....

(This article belongs to the Topic Advances in Computational Materials Sciences)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,215 Views
17 Pages

11 April 2025

The accuracy of coal mine water inrush prediction models is affected mainly by the small number of samples and difficulty in feature extraction. A new data augmentation water inrush prediction method is proposed. This method uses the natural neighbor...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
3,698 Views
20 Pages

A Novel Double Ensemble Algorithm for the Classification of Multi-Class Imbalanced Hyperspectral Data

  • Daying Quan,
  • Wei Feng,
  • Gabriel Dauphin,
  • Xiaofeng Wang and ,
  • Wenjiang Huang and
  • Mengdao Xing
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

5 August 2022

The class imbalance problem has been reported to exist in remote sensing and hinders the classification performance of many machine learning algorithms. Several technologies, such as data sampling methods, feature selection-based methods, and ensembl...

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