The Earth’s climate is an open nonlinear system, sustained far from thermodynamic equilibrium by solar radiation and energy and matter exchange among its four major subsystems: atmosphere, ocean, land, and cryosphere. Among these four subsystem...
We examine the role of the vegetation cover and the associated hydrological cycle on the deep ocean circulation during the Late Miocene (~10 million years ago). In our simulations, an open Central American gateway and exchange with fresh Pacific wate...
Due to the absence of a comprehensive knowledge system for modeling ocean circulation, there is ambiguity and diversity in the semantic expression of ocean circulation. This makes it difficult to organize and share relevant spatiotemporal data effect...
This paper considers the general ocean circulation (GOC) within the thermodynamical closure of our climate theory, which aims to deduce the generic climate state from first principles. The preceding papers of this theory have reduced planetary fluids...
The western North Pacific monsoon in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) and the local Hadley circulation in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) are important components of the vertical meridional circulation over the western Pacific Ocean. Here, we define the SH...
Previous investigations of the large-scale deployment of Ocean Thermal Energy Conversions (OTEC) systems are extended by allowing some atmospheric feedback in an ocean general circulation model. A modified ocean-atmosphere thermal boundary condition...
High-resolution global ocean general circulation models (OGCMs) play a key role in accurate ocean forecasting. However, the models of the operational forecasting systems are still not in high resolution due to the subsequent high demand for large com...
The results of large-scale ocean dynamics simulation taking into account the parameterization of vertical turbulent exchange are considered. Numerical experiments were carried out using
Amid the ongoing acceleration of climate change over recent decades, extreme precipitation events have become more frequent and intense on a global scale, triggering severe natural hazards and considerable socioeconomic damage. Nevertheless, how extr...
A two-dimensional non-hydrostatic shallow-water model for weakly dispersive waves is developed using the least-squares finite-element method. The model is based on the depth-averaged, nonlinear and non-hydrostatic shallow-water equations. The non-hyd...
Deep-sea hydrothermal circulation plays a pivotal role in the material and energy exchange in deep-sea environments, exerting significant influence on the evolution of seawater chemistry and global climate dynamics. Based on existing data and assumpt...
The great spatial and temporal variability, which characterizes the marine environment, requires a huge effort to be observed and studied properly since changes in circulation and mixing processes directly influence the variability of the physical an...
Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) melting occurred during the later part of the Holocene Thermal Maximum (HTM) with a well-documented significant GrIS retreat between 7 and 3 ka. However, less is known about the immediate melt water impact on Greenland fjor...
The Beibu Gulf’s ocean circulation system regulates regional marine ecosystems, sediment transport, and coastal geomorphology while also supporting vital economic activities. This study integrates one-year current observations from four in-situ...
The purpose of this review is to describe the global scope of the multidecadal climate oscillations that go back at least, through several hundred years. Literature, historic data, satellite data and global circulation model output have been used to...
Numerical models and remote sensing observation systems such as radars are useful for providing information on surface flows for coastal areas. Evaluation of their performance and extracting synoptic characteristics are challenging and important task...
Changes in Southern Ocean physics are dynamically linked to westerly winds, ocean currents, and the distribution of Antarctic sea ice in the Southern Hemisphere. As a result, it is critical to comprehend the response of Southern Ocean physics to the...
A long-lasting phytoplankton bloom, characterized by high chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentrations in an eddy-like feature, was detected in MODIS satellite imagery of the northwestern Pacific following the passage of Typhoon Krosa in August 2019. Satelli...
The Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) is significantly modulated by Indo-Pacific climate forcing, especially the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD). However, when ENSO and IOD occur concurrently, they tend t...
The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE), and its follow-on mission (GRACE-FO), provides a novel measurement of the variations in ocean bottom pressure (OBP) at global and basin scales, including those in marginal seas. However, these meas...
The DeepWater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) in 2010 raised the public awareness on potential spills from offshore exploration activities. It became apparent that knowledge of potential oil pathways in the case of a spill is important...
The Turkish Strait System, which is the only connection between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, is a challenging region for ocean circulation models due to topographic constraints and water mass structure. We present a newly developed high r...
The characteristics of the 5th Supercomputer Nurion Knights Landing (KNL) system of the Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information (KISTI) were analyzed by developing ultra-high resolution atmospheric and ocean numerical circulation models...
Chaetognaths play an essential role in zooplankton communities and significantly contribute to their overall biomass. Changes in the hydrographic properties of the water column, driven by hydrodynamic processes, affect their species richness and abun...
As computational techniques advance, the scope of digital twins (DTs) is expanding to encompass entire cities, oceans, or even the Earth. Digital twins of oceans can provide highly comprehensive insights and predictions, thus enabling better-informed...
The Bering Sea is located between the Aleutian Low and Siberian High, with strong seasonal variations in the oceanic circulation and the sea ice coverage. Within such a large-scale system, the physical processes in the Bering Sea carry interannual va...
The South China Sea (SCS) displays remarkable responses and feedback to the summer monsoon intraseasonal oscillation (ISO). This study investigates how the SCS summer ocean circulation responds to the monsoon ISO based on weekly satellite data. In su...
Ocean circulation plays an important role in the formation and occurrence of extreme climate events. The study shows that the periodic variation of ocean circulation under strong wind stress is closely related to climate oscillation. Ocean circulatio...
Protactinium-231 (231Pa), a particle-reactive radionuclide derived from 235U decay, serves as a pivotal tracer in marine geochemistry and paleoceanography, offering unique insights into particle scavenging, deep ocean circulation, and sedimentary pro...
Research on coastal ocean circulation patterns over long time periods is significant for various marine endeavors: environmental protection, coastal engineering construction, and marine renewable energy extraction. Based on sea surface current data r...
The circulation of the North Atlantic Ocean plays a vital role in the Earth’s climate system. Numerous studies, primarily through computer simulations, have examined the stability of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) in a w...
Ocean warming driven by climate change is altering regional circulation patterns and the balance of hydrodynamic forcings in semi-enclosed seas. Understanding how these changes affect ocean circulation and stratification is critical, as they directly...
Ocean convection is a key mechanism that regulates heat uptake, water-mass transformation, CO2 exchange, and nutrient transport with crucial implications for ocean dynamics and climate change. Both cooling to the atmosphere and salinification, from e...
Ocean circulation models are an essential tool for use in estimating the movements of drifting marine species. Across the world, hatchling sea turtle transport to the pelagic ocean is facilitated by the local currents off their natal beaches. It is d...
Changes in the density structure of the upper oceanic water masses are an important forcing of changes in the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), which is believed to widely affect Earth’s climate. However, very little is known about...
Upper oceans are highly energetic during a severe weather event, with large surface waves and intense ocean currents over areas affected by the storm. An advanced and coupled wave–current modelling system for the northwestern Atlantic (WCMS-NWA...
The South China Sea (SCS) summer monsoon (SCSSM) and Western North Pacific tropical cyclones (TCs) are both tropical systems that interact with each other on multiple scales. This study examines the differences in TCs activity characteristics between...
We examine North Atlantic climate variability using an ensemble of ocean reanalysis datasets to study the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) from 1979 to 2018. The dataset intercomparison shows good agreement for the latest period (19...
Atmospheric near-surface stress and boundary layer wind responses to surface currents are examined with high resolution coupled atmosphere–ocean models over the Gulf Stream during winter. Because the ocean and atmosphere are linked through surf...
The Tyrrhenian Sea plays a key role in Mediterranean circulation. However, the seasonal evolution and coastal circulation patterns of its surface circulation remain only partially resolved by previous observations, particularly at mesoscale and subme...
Due to the scarcity of in situ observations, the current description of the circulation around Cuba is far from complete. For example, the structure and variability of the flow through the Windward Passage, which hosts a significant fraction of the t...
This review evaluates the vulnerability of South African estuaries to Climate Change in a data-limited environment. The regional-scale assessment is based on physical characteristics and predicted/measured changes in the abiotic drivers and ecosystem...
An analytical model of long Rossby waves is developed for a continuously-stratified, planetary geostrophic ocean in the presence of arbitrary bottom topography under the assumption that the potential vorticity is a linear function of buoyancy. The re...
This exploratory study examines how planetary climate regulation is addressed in 39 Compulsory Secondary Education and Bachillerato textbooks used in Spain, focusing on three key regulating factors, global ocean circulation, atmospheric circulation,...
Theories and numerical models of atmospheres and oceans are based on classical mechanics with added parameterizations to represent subgrid variability. Reformulated in terms of derivatives of information entropy with respect to large scale configurat...
Since 2011, massive strandings of pelagic Sargassum have become a recurrent environmental hazard across the tropical Atlantic and Caribbean archipelago, creating an urgent need for reliable short-term drift forecasts to support coastal risk managemen...
The Earth’s climate system exhibits nonlinear behavior driven by interactions among the atmosphere, oceans, cryosphere, land, and biosphere. These dynamics have given rise to relatively stable environments that shape the structure and function...
The Late Miocene is known as a period of long-term Cenozoic global cooling and decreasing concentrations of atmospheric CO2. The conditions provide the opportunity to assess the Earth’s climate sensitivity in altering internal and external driv...
Seafloor morphology forms regional sea level rise (SLR), affecting ocean circulation. Although many studies have examined global sea level rise, there remains a lack of analyses that show how seafloor morphology modifies the rate and character of reg...
Since 1850, the rise in global mean surface temperatures (GMSTs) from increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs) has exhibited three ~30-year hiatus (surface cooling) episodes. The current hiatus is often thought to be generated...
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