Marine Modelling and Environmental Statistics in Honor of Professor Keith Thompson

A special issue of Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (ISSN 2077-1312). This special issue belongs to the section "Physical Oceanography".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 October 2025 | Viewed by 3255

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
Interests: ocean dynamics; atmospheric dynamics; modelling and prediction; numerical methods; air–sea interaction; wave–current interaction
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Guest Editor
Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
Interests: coupled atmosphere–wave models; coupled atmosphere–hydrology models; atmosphere–ocean coupling; coupling data assimilation and prediction systems for coastal applications; development of expert systems for marine applications
Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada
Interests: physical oceanography; ocean modelling; ocean mixing; air–sea interaction
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Environment and Climate Change Canada, Gatineau, QC, Canada
Interests: coastal flooding; extremes water levels; coupled modeling

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Guest Editor
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
Interests: environmental statistics; statistical inverse problems for ocean prediction; stochastic marine ecosystem modelling; data analysis methods for marine environmental observations

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Professor Keith Thompson was a highly influential scientist in marine prediction and environmental statistics in Canada and abroad. Professor Thompson made major contributions in an extensive range of research areas, including the modelling and prediction of global, shelf and coastal oceans, data assimilation, environmental statistics, and studies of atmospheric and ocean dynamics. He was also exceptionally successful in providing high-quality mentorship to graduate students and early-career scientists. This Special Issue focuses on marine modelling and environmental statistics in Honour of Professor Thompson. The scope of this Special Issue includes, but is not limited to, the following:

  • Development and validation of new numerical methods and data assimilation;
  • Predictions and predictability of numerical models;
  • Environmental statistics in oceanography;
  • Analysis of extreme marine conditions;
  • Madden–Julian Oscillation and other climate modes;
  • Numerical studies on main processes in atmospheres and oceans;
  • Coupling between atmospheric and ocean models;
  • Tide–surge interaction over coastal waters.

We cordially invite you to submit high-quality research papers to this Special Issue. Submitted papers will be peer-reviewed by leading researchers from around the world. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (immediately upon acceptance) and be listed together on the Special Issue website. Research articles, review articles, as well as short communications are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Jinyu Sheng
Dr. Harold Ritchie
Dr. Youyu Lu
Dr. Natacha B. Bernier
Prof. Dr. Michael Dowd
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • numerical modelling
  • data assimilation
  • environmental statistics
  • oceanography
  • prediction
  • predictability
  • extreme marine conditions
  • Madden–Julian Oscillation
  • atmospheric dynamics
  • ocean dynamics
  • coastal waters
  • tide–surge interaction

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Editorial

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19 pages, 2765 KiB  
Editorial
An Overview of Dr. Keith Thompson’s Contributions to Science Programs and High-Quality Training in Marine Prediction and Environmental Statistics
by Hal Ritchie, Jinyu Sheng, Natacha Bernier, Youyu Lu and Michael Dowd
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(9), 1649; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12091649 - 14 Sep 2024
Viewed by 1193
Abstract
Dr. Keith Thompson was a highly influential scientist in marine prediction and environmental statistics in Canada and abroad. He was also exceptionally successful for providing high-quality mentorship to graduate students and early-career scientists. In this article, we provide an overview of Dr. Thompson’s [...] Read more.
Dr. Keith Thompson was a highly influential scientist in marine prediction and environmental statistics in Canada and abroad. He was also exceptionally successful for providing high-quality mentorship to graduate students and early-career scientists. In this article, we provide an overview of Dr. Thompson’s career contributions to marine science programs and training for graduate students and other highly qualified personnel. Full article
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Research

Jump to: Editorial

27 pages, 6522 KiB  
Article
Arctic Wave Climate Including Marginal Ice Zone and Future Climate Scenario
by Hamid Goharnejad, William Perrie, Bechara Toulany, Minghong Zhang, Zhenxia Long, Michael Casey and Michael H. Meylan
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2025, 13(8), 1562; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13081562 - 14 Aug 2025
Abstract
This study examines the variation and trends in wave parameters across the Arctic, including the marginal ice zone (MIZ), by comparing historical data (1980–2009) with projections for a future climate scenario (2070–2099) as outlined by the IPCC. Utilizing the WAVEWATCH III (WW3) numerical [...] Read more.
This study examines the variation and trends in wave parameters across the Arctic, including the marginal ice zone (MIZ), by comparing historical data (1980–2009) with projections for a future climate scenario (2070–2099) as outlined by the IPCC. Utilizing the WAVEWATCH III (WW3) numerical wave prediction model, we simulate the wave climate for these periods, incorporating advanced parameterizations to account for wave-ice interactions within the MIZ. Our analysis focuses on the extreme values of significant wave heights (Hs), mean wave periods (T0), and dominant mean wave direction (MWD), calculated for both winter and summer seasons. To assess changes in wave climate under future climate scenarios, we first use a similarity matrix, applying the kappa variable and cell-by-cell numerical comparison methods to assess model congruence across different conditions. We also follow a standard approach, by assessing the extreme wave conditions for 20 and 100-year return periods using standard stochastic models, including Gumbel, exponential, and Weibull distributions. Full article
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19 pages, 2261 KiB  
Article
Assessing the Changes in Precipitation Patterns and Aridity in the Danube Delta (Romania)
by Alina Bărbulescu and Cristian Ștefan Dumitriu
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2025, 13(8), 1529; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13081529 - 9 Aug 2025
Viewed by 157
Abstract
Understanding long-term precipitation variability is essential for assessing the climate’s impact on sensitive ecosystems, particularly in regions of high environmental value, such as the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve (DDBR). This study examines the temporal dynamics of monthly precipitation in the Danube Delta, Romania, [...] Read more.
Understanding long-term precipitation variability is essential for assessing the climate’s impact on sensitive ecosystems, particularly in regions of high environmental value, such as the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve (DDBR). This study examines the temporal dynamics of monthly precipitation in the Danube Delta, Romania, spanning the period from 1965 to 2019. Three approaches were used to analyze climatic variability: Change Point detection (CPD) to identify shifts in precipitation regimes, the De Martonne Index (IM) to assess aridity trends, and the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) to evaluate drought conditions across annual and monthly scales. Using robust monthly precipitation and temperature datasets from the Sulina meteorological station, CPD analysis revealed statistically significant structural breaks in precipitation trends, suggesting periods of altered climate behavior likely associated with broader regional or global climate changes. IM values indicated mostly hyper-aridity and aridity at monthly and annual scales, respectively. No monotonic trend was found in this index during the analyzed segments, as emphasized by the Mann–Kendall (MK) test. SPI values provided further evidence of variability in the precipitation regime, highlighting a transition toward more extreme hydrological conditions in the region. The combined use of these indices offers a comprehensive view of the evolution of climatic conditions in the Danube Delta. The findings underscore the growing vulnerability of this unique wetland ecosystem to climatic variability, supporting the need for adaptive water management strategies in the face of anticipated future changes. Full article
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19 pages, 9601 KiB  
Article
Two-Hour Sea Level Oscillations in Halifax Harbour
by Dan Kelley, Clark Richards, Ruby Yee, Alex Hay, Knut Klingbeil, Phillip MacAulay and Ruth Musgrave
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2025, 13(7), 1366; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13071366 - 17 Jul 2025
Viewed by 309
Abstract
Halifax Harbour, a major seaport in Nova Scotia that is approximately 100 km southeast of the Bay of Fundy, comprises a deep inner region called Bedford Basin, connected to the adjacent ocean by a shallow channel called The Narrows. A study of sea [...] Read more.
Halifax Harbour, a major seaport in Nova Scotia that is approximately 100 km southeast of the Bay of Fundy, comprises a deep inner region called Bedford Basin, connected to the adjacent ocean by a shallow channel called The Narrows. A study of sea level and currents reveals the presence of episodic oscillations in The Narrows, with a period of approximately 2 h. The oscillation strength varies from day to day and, to some extent, through the seasons. The median amplitude of the associated sea level variation is 18% that of the de-tided signal, rising to 32% at the 95-th percentile. Values this large may be of concern for the transit of deep-draft vessels through shallow parts of the harbour and for the clearance of tall vessels under the two bridges that span The Narrows. Another concerning issue is the matter of oscillations being superimposed on storm surges. In addition to such direct effects of sea level variation, shear associated with the oscillations may increase the turbulent mixing in the region, affecting the overall state of this estuarine system. We explore the nature of the oscillations as a first step towards the improvement of prediction schemes for sea level and currents in the region. This involves an analysis of the oscillations in the context of seiche and Helmholtz resonance theories and the use of a 2D numerical model to handle realistic bathymetric conditions and other complications that the simpler theories cannot address. We conclude that the predictions of Helmholtz resonance theory are in reasonable agreement with both the observations and the predictions of the numerical model. Full article
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25 pages, 4027 KiB  
Article
Sea Surface Temperature Fronts and North Atlantic Right Whale Sightings in the Western Gulf of St. Lawrence
by Jing Tao, Hui Shen, Richard E. Danielson and William Perrie
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2025, 13(7), 1280; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13071280 - 30 Jun 2025
Viewed by 643
Abstract
Sea surface temperature (SST) fronts during 2000–2021 are examined in the Western Gulf of St. Lawrence (wGSL), where North Atlantic right whales (NARW, Eubalaena glacialis) have begun to aggregate and feed. During 2017–2020, from May to October, NARW spatial distributions reveal regional, [...] Read more.
Sea surface temperature (SST) fronts during 2000–2021 are examined in the Western Gulf of St. Lawrence (wGSL), where North Atlantic right whales (NARW, Eubalaena glacialis) have begun to aggregate and feed. During 2017–2020, from May to October, NARW spatial distributions reveal regional, seasonal, and interannual variations in the Shediac Valley and off the Northern Gaspé Peninsula, and preferentially in waters with relatively strong temperature gradients. Correspondence between SST fronts and NARW sightings is explored using a monthly probability of occurrence, based on an SST gradient threshold and water depths in the range 50–200 m. Spring and summer associations suggest that satellite-derived SST gradients may aid in short-timescale NARW monitoring by way of providing spatial distribution maps of the regional probability of occurrence. Full article
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