The class of forward-LIBOR market models can, under certain volatility structures, produce unrealistically high long-dated forward rates, particularly for maturities and tenors beyond the liquid market calibration instruments. This paper presents a d...
In radio occultation (RO) data processing and data assimilation, the forward model (FM) is used to calculate bending angle (BA) from refractivity (N). The accuracy and precision of forward modeled BA are affected by refractivity profiles and FM metho...
Large Language Models achieve state of art performances on a broad variety of Natural Language Processing tasks. In the pervasive IoT era, their deployment on edge devices is more compelling than ever. However, their gigantic model footprint has hind...
This study explores trajectory control in flexible manipulators using neural-network-based forward and inverse modeling. Unlike traditional approaches that enhance precision by increasing structural rigidity—often at the cost of added weight an...
Desalination has become one of the obvious solutions for the global water crisis due to affording high-quality water from seawater and brackish water resources. As a result, there are continuing efforts being made to improve desalination technologies...
A comprehensive experimental database containing results of a series of dry vacuum-consolidated triaxial compression tests was populated. The tests were performed on sand specimens and conducted under similar experimental conditions, in which specime...
To accurately investigate the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of a forward converter, a fractional-order state-space averaged model of a forward converter in continuous conduction mode (CCM) is established based on the fractional calculus theory. A...
The terminology of cerebellar dysmetria embraces a ubiquitous symptom in motor deficits, oculomotor symptoms, and cognitive/emotional symptoms occurring in cerebellar ataxias. Patients with episodic ataxia exhibit recurrent episodes of ataxia, includ...
Contemporary engineering in the construction field has put forward higher requirements on the value utilization of building information models, and as the prefabricated building is the core of construction industrialization, using BIM (Building Infor...
The solution to inverse problems is crucial for model calibration and to provide a good basis for model results to be reliable. This paper is based on a recently proposed conceptual framework for the development and application of mathematical models...
Tube spinning is an effective plastic-forming technology for forming light-weight, high-precision and high-reliability components in high-tech fields, such as aviation and aerospace. However, cracks commonly occur in tube spinning due to the complexi...
Forward osmosis (FO) has rarely been investigated as a treatment technology for industrial wastewaters. Within this study, common FO model equations were applied to simulate forward osmosis treatment of industrial wastewaters from the automobile indu...
Feed-forward model-based control relies on models of the controlled plant, e.g., in robotics on accurate knowledge of manipulator kinematics or dynamics. However, mechanical and analytical models do not capture all aspects of a plant’s intrinsic prop...
Timely processing of observations from multi-spectral imagers, such as SEVIRI (Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager), largely depends on fast radiative transfer calculations. This paper mostly concerns the development and implementation of a...
The forward method for modeling electric vehicles is one of the most suitable for estimating energy consumption in different imposed driving cycles. However, a detailed description of the methodology used for the development of electric vehicle model...
Traditional studies on Transient Electromagnetic Method (TEM) typically assume that the subsurface medium is non-magnetic. However, in regions with igneous rock accumulations or where the subsurface is rich in ferromagnetic minerals, neglecting the m...
Magnetotelluric (MT) forward modeling is a key technique in magnetotelluric sounding, and deep learning has been widely applied to MT forward modeling. In three-dimensional (3-D) problems, although existing methods can predict forward modeling result...
Bayesian inversion of crosshole ground penetrating radar (GPR) data is capable of characterizing the subsurface dielectric properties and qualifying the associated uncertainties. Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulations within the Bayesian inversi...
This study compares the efficiency of 3-D transient electromagnetic forward modeling schemes on the multi-resolution grid for various modeling scenarios. We developed time-domain finite-difference modeling based on the explicit scheme earlier. In thi...
To mathematically predict the behavior of a forward osmosis (FO) process for water recovery, a model was constructed using an asymmetric membrane and glucose as a draw solution, allowing an examination of both phenomenological and process aspects. It...
Geophysical forward modeling serves as a fundamental theoretical approach for characterizing subsurface structures and material properties, essentially involving the computation of gravity responses at surface or spatial observation points based on a...
Airborne electromagnetic surveys may consist of hundreds of thousands of soundings. In most cases, this makes 3D inversions unfeasible even when the subsurface is characterized by a high level of heterogeneity. Instead, approaches based on 1D forward...
In this paper, we study the optimal investment and reinsurance problem of an insurance company whose investment preferences are described via a forward dynamic exponential utility in a regime-switching market model. Financial and actuarial frameworks...
The gravity forward modeling algorithm is a compute-intensive method and is widely used in scientific computing, particularly in geophysics, to predict the impact of subsurface structures on surface gravity fields. Traditional implementations rely on...
The traditional three-dimensional (3D) magnetotelluric (MT) forward modeling using Krylov subspace algorithms has the problem of low modeling efficiency. To improve the computational efficiency of 3D MT forward modeling, we present a novel geometric...
Airborne electromagnetic (AEM) method uses aircraft as a carrier to tow EM instruments for geophysical survey. Because of its huge amount of data, the traditional AEM data inversions take one-dimensional (1D) models. However, the underground earth is...
Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is widely used for subsurface object detection, but manual interpretation of hyperbolic features in B-scan images remains inefficient and error-prone. In addition, traditional forward modeling methods suffer from low co...
An efficient finite-volume algorithm, based on the vertex-centered technique, is proposed for solving two-dimensional radiomagnetotelluric forward modeling. Firstly, we derive the discrete expressions of the radiomagnetotelluric Helmholtz-type equati...
Gravity forward modeling as a basic tool has been widely used for topography correction and 3D density inversion. The source region is usually discretized into tesseroids (i.e., spherical prisms) to consider the influence of the curvature of planets...
Magnetotelluric (MT) forward modeling is essential in geophysical exploration, enabling the investigation of the Earth’s subsurface electrical conductivity. Traditional finite difference methods (FDMs) typically use uniform grids, which can be...
A computational trajectory formation model based on the optimization principle, which introduces the forward inverse relaxation model (FIRM) as the hardware and algorithm, represents the features of human arm movements well. However, in this model, t...
An effective and accurate solver for the direct-current-resistivity forward-modeling problem has become a cutting-edge research topic. However, computational limitations arise due to the substantial amount of data involved, hindering the widespread u...
Electromagnetic induction (EMI) techniques are widely used in geophysical surveying. Their success is mainly due to their easy and fast data acquisition, but the effectiveness of data inversion is strongly influenced by the quality of sensed data, re...
In the quest for higher acquisition rates of ultrasound images, the simultaneous emission of encoded waves has the potential to overcome the trade-off between acquisition time and image quality. However, the lack of fully orthogonal codes has led to...
This study proposes a three-dimensional forward modeling framework for geoelectric current distribution under high-voltage direct current (HVDC) monopolar operation. The proposed approach is based on a multi-resolution resistor network (MR-RN) discre...
The utilization of polarimetric weather radars for optimizing cloud models is a next frontier of research. It is widely understood that inadequacies in microphysical parameterization schemes in numerical weather prediction (NWP) models is a primary c...
This paper proposes a methodology for creating simplified structural schemes and forward geometric models for industrial robots with serial architecture, with the goal of reducing thermal deformation errors that negatively impact positioning accuracy...
Topographic correction methods rarely consider the canopy parameter effects directly and explicitly for sloping canopies. In order to address this problem, the topographic correction method MFM-GOST2 was developed by implementing the second version o...
In forward osmosis (FO), an osmotic pressure gradient generated across a semi-permeable membrane is used to generate water transport from a dilute feed solution into a concentrated draw solution. This principle has shown great promise in the areas of...
The complexity of forward kinematic modelling increases with the increase in the degrees of freedom for a manipulator. To reduce the computational weight and time lag for desired output transformation, this paper proposes a forward kinematic model ma...
Surface transient electromagnetic (TEM) data with large transmitter loops for deep mineral exploration are often complicated by the non-trivial coupling between extended sources and arbitrarily oriented geological targets. This case study reports a T...
A tutorial review is provided of forward and inverse radiative transfer in coupled atmosphere-snow/ice-water systems. The coupled system is assumed to consist of two adjacent horizontal slabs separated by an interface across which the refractive inde...
In recent years, the use of high-power semiconductor devices has seen growing demand across various applications, including data centers, electric vehicles, and traction systems. However, increasing power densities may increase challenges in ensuring...
This paper presents a forward modeling method for the scattering center (SC) model of dynamic ships on time-varying sea surfaces, tailored for remote sensing and target-recognition applications. Grounded in ship hydrodynamics, the methodology delinea...
Recent studies have emphasized the importance of the long-distance diffusion model in characterizing tracer transport occurring within both subsurface and surface environments, particularly in heterogeneous systems. Long-distance diffusion, often ref...
The demand for deep prospecting has led to an increase in the enthusiasm for seismic techniques in mineral exploration. Reflection seismology applications in the base metal industry have achieved success. For orogenic gold deposits, however, their ap...
The marine magnetotelluric (MMT) method is a significant tool extensively utilized in offshore studies, including the understanding of the Earth’s tectonics and hydrocarbon exploration. Conductive anisotropy and non-zero magnetic susceptibility...
This paper deals with a special architecture of Spherical Parallel Manipulators (SPMs) designed to be a haptic device for a medical tele-operation system. This architecture is obtained by replacing the kinematic of one leg of a classical 3-RRR SPM (R...
Automotive forward collision warning (FCW) systems based on radar sensors attracted widespread attention in recent years. To achieve a reliable FCW, it is essential to accurately estimate the position and velocity of a preceding vehicle. To this end,...
The crosshole ground penetrating radar (GPR) is a widely used tool to map subsurface properties, and inversion methods are used to derive electrical parameters from crosshole GPR data. In this paper, a probabilistic inversion algorithm that uses Mark...
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