Human faces are a core part of our identity and expression, and thus, understanding facial geometry is key to capturing this information. Automated systems that seek to make use of this information must have a way of modeling facial features in a way...
The current study investigated the impact of facial three-dimensional shape geometry and respirator-face interface mechanics on the fit of N95 respirators in 21 Hong Kong Chinese adults. Three-dimensional facial scanning, quantitative fit testing of...
Facial landmarking locates the key facial feature points on facial data, which provides not only information on semantic facial structures, but also prior knowledge for other kinds of facial analysis. However, most of the existing works still focus o...
The rapid advancement in deep forgery technology in recent years has created highly deceptive face video content, posing significant security risks. Detecting these fakes is increasingly urgent and challenging. To improve the accuracy of deepfake fac...
Human emotion recognition is crucial in various technological domains, reflecting our growing reliance on technology. Facial expressions play a vital role in conveying and preserving human emotions. While deep learning has been successful in recogniz...
In the contemporary global educational environment, the automatic assessment of students’ online engagement has garnered widespread attention. A substantial number of studies have demonstrated that facial expressions are a crucial indicator for...
We address the problem of craniofacial morphometric analysis using geometric models, which has important clinical applications for the diagnosis of syndromes associated with craniofacial dysmorphologies. In this work, a novel geometric model is propo...
Down syndrome is associated with characteristic craniofacial features that have motivated the development of computer-vision-based facial-image-based screening systems. Recent studies have increasingly relied on deep computer vision and deep-learning...
Facial expression recognition is very useful for effective human–computer interaction, robot interfaces, and emotion-aware smart agent systems. This paper presents a new framework for facial expression recognition by using a hybrid model: a com...
Mass production in product design typically relies on standardized geometries and dimensions to accommodate a broad user population. However, when products are required to interface directly with the human body, such generalized design approaches oft...
Speech-driven facial expression synthesis aims to generate realistic and emotionally consistent facial motion from speech signals for natural human–computer interaction and expressive virtual agents. This paper presents an emotion-aware framewo...
Deep learning became an important image classification and object detection technique more than a decade ago. It has since achieved human-like performance for many computer vision tasks. Some of them involve the analysis of human face for application...
The facial muscles are crucial for nonverbal communication, physiological functions, and articulation. Unlike skeletal or masticatory muscles, they lack fascia, attach directly to the skin and function without joint-mediated movements or visual feedb...
This study presents a deep learning-based approach that integrates cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) with facial scan data, aiming to enhance diagnostic accuracy and treatment planning in medical imaging, particularly in cosmetic surgery and ortho...
3D facial landmarks are known to be diagnostically relevant biometrics for many genetic syndromes. The objective of this study was to extend a state-of-the-art image-based 2D facial landmarking algorithm for the challenging task of 3D landmark identi...
Facial expression recognition (FER) is a challenging problem in the fields of pattern recognition and computer vision. The recent success of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in object detection and object segmentation tasks has shown promise in b...
Facial expression recognition (FER) under active near-infrared (NIR) illumination has the advantages of illumination invariance. In this paper, we propose a three-stream 3D convolutional neural network, named as NIRExpNet for NIR FER. The 3D structur...
Single-image 3D reconstruction of stylized side-face characters remains challenging because profile-view inputs contain severe self-occlusion, missing frontal geometry, and stylized appearance cues that differ from the assumptions of generic reconstr...
Visual biosignals can be used to analyze human behavioral activities and serve as a primary resource for Facial Expression Recognition (FER). FER computational systems face significant challenges, arising from both spatial and temporal effects. Spati...
A novel facial landmark localization method, termed TSDM, is proposed by integrating T-shaped features with the Supervised Descent Method (SDM). Facial landmark localization is critical for driver fatigue and attention detection in intelligent cockpi...
An artificial intelligence-based system was implemented for preoperative safety management in cataract surgery, including facial recognition, laterality (right and left eye) confirmation, and intraocular lens (IOL) parameter verification. A deep-lear...
20 May 2021
Protective efficiency of filtering dust respirators depends on the properties of filter materials from which filters are made and the structure of a half mask frame, which influences how tightly the respirator fits the face. The conducted studies on...
The analysis aimed at studying stresses reduced according to Huber’s hypothesis and displacement patterns at selected sites of the facial skeleton using a tooth-borne appliance in surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion. Five different va...
Speech-driven 3D cartoon facial animation remains underexplored due to the difficulty of handling heterogeneous geometries with exaggerated proportions, limited generalization to diverse unseen subjects, and the scarcity of datasets. To address these...
In this paper, we continue an earlier study of the regularization procedures of linear copositive problems and present new algorithms that can be considered as modifications of the algorithm described in our previous publication, which is based on th...
We present TED-Face, a new method for recovering high-fidelity 3D facial geometry and appearance with enhanced textures from single-view images. While vision-based face reconstruction has received intensive research in the past decades due to its bro...
Geometric invariants are important for shape recognition and matching. Existing invariants in projective geometry are typically defined on the limited number (e.g., five for the classical cross-ratio) of collinear planar points and also lack the abil...
High-fidelity 3D face reconstruction from a single image is challenging, owing to the inherently ambiguous depth cues and the strong entanglement of multi-scale facial textures. In this regard, we propose a hierarchical multi-resolution self-supervis...
This study addresses the practical demand for facial recognition of pigs in the food safety and insurance industries, tackling the challenge of low recognition accuracy caused by complex farming environments, occlusions, and similar textures. To this...
22 September 2025
Background: Genioplasty is a well-established surgical technique for reshaping the chin and enhancing facial harmony. However, conventional fixation methods may present biomechanical and aesthetic limitations. Objective: This study introduces and eva...
Three-dimensional (3D) hyperspectral point clouds provide both surface geometry and spectral information, offering a promising tool for close-range surface characterization. However, reliable reflectance-related spectral measurement on complex surfac...
Face-morphing operations allow for the generation of digital faces that simultaneously carry the characteristics of two different subjects. It has been demonstrated that morphed faces strongly challenge face-verification systems, as they typically ma...
As a dominant method for face recognition, the subspace learning algorithm shows desirable performance. Manifold learning can deal with the nonlinearity hidden in the data, and can project high dimensional data onto low dimensional data while preserv...
A fundamental objective in the study of convex cones is the description and analysis of their extreme rays. In the case of the copositive cone, these rays are generated by extremal copositive matrices, which encode the boundary structure of the cone...
The synthesis, characterization, structural and computational studies of Re(I) tricarbonyl bromo complexes bearing alkyl-substituted 1,4-diazabutadiene ligands, [Re(CO)3(1,4-DAB)Br], where 1,4-DAB = N,N-bis(2,4-dimethylbenzene)-1,4-diazabutadiene, 2,...
This study combines experimental conditioning and numerical simulations to evaluate water-induced degradation of swimming-goggle gaskets and their mechanical response under representative loading conditions. Two gasket geometries were modeled, with t...
(1) Background: Bone tissue engineering is a promising tool to develop new smart solutions for regeneration of complex bone districts, from orthopedic to oral and maxillo-facial fields. In this respect, a crucial characteristic for biomaterials is th...
Driver fatigue detection (DFD) in low-light nighttime driving environments is crucial for road safety, but it remains challenging due to degraded image quality and computational constraints. This paper proposes a real-time three-stage framework speci...
Achieving control over coordination geometries in lanthanide complexes remains a challenge to the coordination chemist. This is particularly the case in the field of molecule-based magnetism, where barriers for magnetic relaxation processes as well a...
The rise of virtual production has created an urgent need for both efficient and high-fidelity 3D face generation schemes for cinema and immersive media, but existing methods are often limited by lighting–geometry coupling, multi-view dependenc...
This study led to the development of a parametric design method for mass-customised head/face products. A systematic review of different approaches for mass customization was conducted, identifying advantages and limitations for their application to...
This paper presents a novel material spectroscopy approach to facial presentation–attack–defense (PAD). Best-in-class PAD methods typically detect artifacts in the 3D space. This paper proposes similar features can be achieved in a monocu...
Head pose estimation is a fundamental task in facial analysis and behavior understanding. To address the limitations of 6DRepNet in single-RGB scenarios, particularly in high-level spatial discriminative region modeling, global feature-to-6D rotation...
Aim: Pacifiers play a critical role in the early stages of craniofacial and palate development during infancy. While they provide comfort and aid in soothing, their use can also have significant impacts on the growth and function of the oral cavity....
This article introduces Lester, a novel method to automatically synthesize retro-style 2D animations from videos. The method approaches the challenge mainly as an object segmentation and tracking problem. Video frames are processed with the Segment A...
Deepfake aims to swap a face of an image with someone else’s likeness in a reasonable manner. Existing methods usually perform deepfake frame by frame, thus ignoring video consistency and producing incoherent results. To address such a problem,...
This study investigates the differences in mechanical properties between acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) samples produced using fused deposition modeling (FDM) and stereolithography (SLA) using ABS filaments and ABS-like resin, respectively. Th...
The development of deep learning-based 3D face recognition has been constrained by the limited availability of large-scale 3D facial datasets, which are costly and labor-intensive to acquire. To address this challenge, we propose a novel 2D-aided fra...
This work proposes a lightweight biometric key-binding scheme that adapts a PUF-style challenge–response mechanism to face geometry: a two-factor password and session nonce generate random challenge points, Gray-coded Euclidean distances to fac...
There are variations in the values reported for aerosol drug delivery across in vitro experiments throughout the published literature, and often with the same devices or similar experimental setups. Factors contributing to this variability include, b...
of 2