6,247 Results Found

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a devastating and debilitating neurodegenerative disease of unknown cause. A consensus suggests the involvement of both genetic and environmental factors of which the latter may involve human exposure to aluminium. There ar...

Rare post-zygotic mutations in the brain are now known to contribute to several neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, due to the limited availability of brain tissue, most studies rely on estimates of mosaic...

Complete resection is an indispensable treatment option in the management of brain metastases (BM). 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) fluorescence is used for improved intraoperative visualization of tumor tissue in gliomas and was recently observed in B...

The aim of this work was to assess the numerous approaches to structural and material modeling of brain tissue under dynamic loading conditions. The current technological improvements in material modeling have led to various approaches described in t...

Preterm infants bypass the crucial in utero period of brain development and are at increased risk of malnutrition. We aimed to determine if their nutritional status is associated with brain tissue volumes at term equivalent age (TEA), applying recent...

Tissue engineering strategies employing biomaterials have made great progress in the last few decades. However, the tissues of the brain and spinal cord pose unique challenges due to a separate immune system and their nature as soft tissue. Because o...

Radiotherapy is part of the standard treatment of most primary brain tumors. Large clinical target volumes and physical characteristics of photon beams inevitably lead to irradiation of surrounding normal brain tissue. This can cause radiation-induce...

Recent advances in optical clearing techniques have dramatically improved deep tissue imaging by reducing the obscuring effects of light scattering and absorption. However, these optical clearing methods require specialized equipment or a lengthy und...

As one of the critical steps in brain imaging analysis and processing, brain image registration plays a significant role. In this paper, we proposed a technique of human brain image registration based on tissue morphology in vivo to address the probl...

Background: We investigated how changes in partial pressure of brain tissue oxygenation (PbtO₂) relate to end-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO₂) after pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods: Dynamic structural equation modeling (DSEM) was used to...

Hypocapnia is known to affect patients with acute stroke and plays a key role in governing cerebral autoregulation. However, the impact of hypocapnia on brain tissue pulsations (BTPs) is relatively unexplored. As BTPs are hypothesised to result from...

(1) Introduction: Human exposure to aluminium is a burgeoning problem. In 1988, the population of the Cornish town of Camelford was exposed to exceedingly high levels of aluminium in their potable water supply. Herein we provide evidence that alumini...

Neurological disorders affect billions of people across the world, making the discovery of effective treatments an important challenge. The evaluation of drug efficacy is further complicated because of the lack of in vitro models able to reproduce th...

Brain tissue segmentation is an important component of the clinical diagnosis of brain diseases using multi-modal magnetic resonance imaging (MR). Brain tissue segmentation has been developed by many unsupervised methods in the literature. The most c...

Injury progression associated with cerebral laceration is insidious. Following the initial trauma, brain tissues become hyperexcitable, begetting further damage that compounds the initial impact over time. Clinicians have adopted several strategies t...

The postmortem interval (PMI), defined as the time elapsed between death and the discovery or examination of the body, is a crucial parameter in forensic science for estimating the time of death. There are many ways to measure the PMI, such as Henssg...

Increased incidence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) imposes a growing need to understand the pathology of brain trauma. A correlation between the incidence of multiple brain traumas and rates of behavioural and cognitive deficiencies has been identif...

The brain tissue partial oxygen pressure (PbtO₂) and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) neuromonitoring are frequently compared in the management of acute moderate and severe traumatic brain injury patients; however, the relationship between their res...

Drug distribution in the brain is generally associated with an affinity for fatty brain tissues and therefore known to be species- and concentration-independent. We report here the effect of target affinity on brain tissue binding for 10 small molecu...

Purpose: The clinical condition of a brain abscess is a potentially life-threatening disease. The combination of MRI-based imaging, surgical therapy and microbiological analysis is critical for the treatment and convalescence of the individual patien...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible effects of a 50 Hz electric field on brain tissue and the positive effects of juglone (5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) antioxidant activity, using the immunohistochemical technique on male Wistar-Albin...

The use of post-mortem human tissue is indispensable in studies investigating alterations in metabolite levels in neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, variability between samples may have unknown effects on me...

Epigenetic research has made notable progress in recent years, yet our ability to explore the human brain at a cellular level remains limited. One of the main obstacles has been the difficulty of isolating specific neuronal populations from postmorte...

Recreating cerebral tissue using a tissue-mimicking phantom is valuable because it provides a tool for studying physiological and biological processes related to tissues without the necessity of performing the study directly in the tissue or even in...

More than a billion people are affected by neurological disorders, and few have effective therapeutic options. A key challenge that has prevented promising preclinically proven strategies is the translation gap to the clinic. Humanized tissue enginee...

(1) Recently, metabolic profiling of the tissue in the native state or extracts of its metabolites has become increasingly important in the field of metabolomics. An important factor, in this case, is the presence of blood in a tissue sample, which c...

The purpose of this paper is a quantification of displacement parameters used in the imaging of brain tissue endogenous motion using ultrasonic radiofrequency (RF) signals. In a preclinical study, an ultrasonic diagnostic system with RF output was eq...

Cannabidiol (CBD), a phytocannabinoid commonly isolated from chemotype III Cannabis sativa plants, is known for its therapeutic potential. However, comprehensive information on its bioavailability is still lacking. The key objective of this study was...

The effectiveness of surgical resection of meningioma, the most common primary CNS tumor, depends on the capability to intraoperatively discriminate between the meningioma tissue and the surrounding brain white and gray matter tissues. Aiming to find...

Sleep is essential for the survival of most living beings. Numerous researchers have identified a series of genes that are thought to regulate “sleep-state” or the “deprived state”. As sleep has a significant effect on physiol...

Accurate and automated segmentation of brain tissue images can significantly streamline clinical diagnosis and analysis. Manual delineation needs improvement due to its laborious and repetitive nature, while automated techniques encounter challenges...

Tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) is an ectoenzyme bound to the plasma membranes of numerous cells via a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) moiety. TNAP’s function is well-recognized from earlier studies establishing its important role i...

There is a growing interest in the use of electrocorticographic (ECoG) signals in brain–machine interfaces (BMIs). However, there is still a lack of studies involving the long-term evaluation of the tissue response related to electrode implanta...

Starry flounder (Platichthys stellatus) is extensively farmed in Korea, and the importance of aquaculture technology in the economic and industrial sectors continues to grow. However, pigmentation anomalies, such as skin discoloration during farming,...

Brain tissue segmentation plays a critical role in the diagnosis, treatment, and study of brain diseases. Accurately identifying these boundaries is essential for improving segmentation accuracy. However, distinguishing boundaries between different b...

Proteomics offers vast potential for studying the molecular regulation of the human brain. Formalin fixation is a common method for preserving human tissue; however, it presents challenges for proteomic analysis. In this study, we compared the effici...

Epigenetics, a potential underlying pathogenic mechanism of neurodegenerative diseases, has been in the scope of several studies performed so far. However, there is a gap in regard to analyzing different forms of early-onset dementia and the use of L...

Accurate brain tissue segmentation of MRI is vital to diagnosis aiding, treatment planning, and neurologic condition monitoring. As an excellent convolutional neural network (CNN), U-Net is widely used in MR image segmentation as it usually generates...

This study retrospectively investigated the impact of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) normal tissue objective (NTO) and multileaf collimator (MLC) width on radiation dose distribution in patients with brain metastasis treated using HyperArc. In total...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) affects millions of people annually; however, our knowledge of the diffuse pathologies associated with TBI is limited. As diffuse pathologies, including axonal injury and neuroinflammatory changes, are difficult to visual...

Acetyl tributyl citrate (ATBC) is a widely used phthalate substitute. Although ATBC is considered to be with a safe dosage of up to 1000 mg/kg/day, studies on its effects in some sensitive populations, such as diabetic patients, are relatively rare....

Pluripotent neural stem or progenitor cells (NSC/NPC) have been reported in the brains of adult preclinical models for decades, as have mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) been reported in a variety of tissues from adults. Based on their in vitro ca...

Schizophrenia is a genetically complex neuropsychiatric disorder with largely unresolved mechanisms of pathology. Identification of genes and pathways associated with schizophrenia is important for understanding the development, progression and treat...

The brain, gut, and adipose tissue interact to control metabolic pathways, and impairment in the brain-gut-adipose axis can lead to metabolic disorders, including obesity. Chowiseungcheng-tang (CST), a herbal formulation, is frequently used to treat...

Background/Objectives: Tumor-infiltrating B cells (TIBs) and tissue-resident memory T cells (TRMs) play significant roles in antitumor immunity. However, their prognostic relevance in brain metastases (BMs) derived from gastrointestinal (GI) cancers...

Brain tissue oxygen tension (PbtO₂) has emerged as a cerebral monitoring modality following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-based regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO₂) can non-invasively examine cerebral oxygen co...

The human brain is a complex organ controlling daily activity. Present technique models have mostly focused on multi-layer brain tissues, which lack understanding of the propagation characteristics of various single brain tissues. To better understan...

Neurotransmitters (NT) are widely distributed in the central nervous system. These molecules are important for many physiological processes and the function of the immune system. Imbalance of NT are linked to numerous neurological disorders and disea...

Dopamine (DA) and ascorbic acid (AA) are two important biomarkers with similar oxidation potentials. To facilitate their simultaneous electrochemical detection, a new voltammetric sensor was developed by modifying a screen-printed carbon electrode (S...

Group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) allows the trajectory analyses of repeated N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) measurements during follow-up visits of pulmonary artery hypertension associated with connective tissue disease (CT...