Space launch vehicles are usually loaded with a large amount of propellant, and the destructive power caused by their explosion is significant. The altitude of an accidental explosion will lead to differences in the destructive power, because the env...
Aspects of mathematical and physical modeling of deflagration explosions emerging during atmospheric (outdoor) accidental explosions are addressed. It has been demonstrated that when physically modeling accidental deflagration explosions, a stoichiom...
In Taiwan, many ammunition depots have become outdated after having been in service for a long period of time, and if they are not properly managed, then accidental explosions might erupt inside. Leakage pressure after an explosion is closely related...
Most of the damage caused by an explosion is caused by a pressure effect. The magnitude of the pressure generated by the explosion is influenced by the external characteristics of the environment (surrounding objects, their arrangement, geometry, etc...
24 March 2019
Alternative and innovative fuel types are being introduced to power cars. These include liquified petroleum gas (LPG) gas and hydrogen energy sources. However, they also introduce new hazards, requiring revised thinking with respect to safety within...
The LH11-1 FPSO is an 80,000 t cylindrical structure that is responsible for the processing, storage, and offloading of process oil from existing and newly developed oilfields. In this paper, a full probabilistic analysis was developed based on very...
The urban social environment is complex and changeable, and there are accidental and non-accidental explosion risks in tunnels. Performance analysis and assessment after tunnel explosions has become important work. In this study, a prefabricated fram...
The study here presents data from the literature regarding the characteristic parameters of explosion propagation in gaseous ethane–air mixtures. The maximum explosion pressures, maximum explosion times, maximum rates of pressure increase, and...
Accidental crankcase explosions in marine diesel engines are presumably caused by the inflammation of lubricating oil in air followed by flame propagation and pressure buildup. This manuscript deals with the numerical simulation of internal unvented...
The involvement of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), which is highly combustible and explosive, greatly increases risk in road transport. A 3D numerical model was conducted in FLACS, which depicts the dynamic process and variation of combined effects al...
The detonation of explosives in the open air was studied, analyzing different amounts of explosives detonated at different distances, monitoring the overpressure or air blast wave generated with the aim of determining a model, which allows to establi...
To comprehensively understand the explosion risk in underground energy transportation tunnels, this study employed computational fluid dynamics technology and finite element simulation to numerically analyze the potential impact of an accidental expl...
This study aims to reconstruct hazardous zones after the hydrogen explosion at a fueling station and to assess an influence of terrain landscape on harmful consequences for personnel with the use of numerical methods. These consequences are measured...
Compressible multi-materialflows are encountered in a wide range of natural phenomena and industrial applications, such as supernova explosions in space, high speed flows in jet and rocket propulsion, underwater explosions, and vapor explosions in po...
How to effectively reduce the damage of frequent accidental explosions and explosion attacks to existing walls is an important concern of the blast resistance field. In the present study, the influence of the foamed concrete (density 820 kg/m3, water...
Notwithstanding the enforcement of ATEX EU Directives (94/9/EC of 23 March 1994) and safety management system application, explosions in the coal sector still claim lives and cause huge economic losses. Even a consolidated activity like coke dry dist...
Gas explosion accidents can easily lead to large-scale casualties and economic losses, significantly impeding the urban development. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively review and investigate a significant gas fuel explosion accident in...
Nowadays, the detection of low concentration combustible methane gas has attracted great concern. In this paper, a coupling p+n field effect transistor (FET) amplification circuit is designed to detect methane gas. By optimizing the load resistance (...
As climate changes progress we are dealing with violent and excessive environmental actions. However, the impacts of loads acting on a building object caused by unlikely phenomena such as: fire, explosion, flood, vehicle impact, plane impact, excessi...
Hydrogen gas storage place has been increasing daily because of its consumption. Hydrogen gas is a dream fuel of the future with many social, economic and environmental benefits to its credit. However, many hydrogen storage tanks exploded accidentall...
Accidental leakage from oil–gas storage tanks can lead to the formation of liquid pools. These pools can result in vapor cloud explosions (VCEs) if combustible vapors encounter ignition energy. Conducting accurate and comprehensive consequence...
Structural robustness is the property of a structure to resist accidental events such as explosions, impacts and earthquakes. In the design field of structural engineering, structural robustness has attained unprecedented significance in the present...
A numerical investigation of the spray-induced turbulence generated from industrial spray nozzles is carried out to better understand the roles of the nozzle spray on the fires or explosions in different accidental scenarios. Numerical simulations ar...
Conventional concrete is a brittle material with a very low tensile strength as a result of compressive strength and tensile strain. In this study, the flexural behavior characteristics of slurry-infiltrated fiber-reinforced cementitious composites (...
Risk analysis and prediction is a primary monitoring strategy to identify abnormal events occurring in chemical processes. The accidental release of toxic gases may result in severe problems for people and the environment. Risk analysis of hazardous...
A numerical simulation system is developed to predict the dispersion of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) over a populated city due to accidental release. Ulsan, as one of the megacities in Korea, is chosen as an ideal testbed for the simulation, as it...
Accidental flame initiation to propagation in pipes carrying flammable gases is a significant safety concern that can potentially result in loss of life and substantial damage to property. The understanding of flame propagation characteristics caused...
The safety zone around the flight path of a rocket is determined by the fall of debris in the case of an accidental explosion or commanded termination. The trajectory of a tumbling body in a vertical plane is determined by specifying the velocity, fl...
The accidental initiation of explosives under mechanical loads has caused numerous catastrophic events. Therefore, the dynamic damage behavior of confined polymer-bonded explosives (PBXs) must be assessed to improve their practical applicability. In...
Hydrogen is an explosive gas, which could create extremely hazardous conditions when released into an enclosure. Full-scale experiments of hydrogen release and dispersion in the confined space were conducted. The experiments were performed for hydrog...
The global shift towards cleaner energy sources is driving the adoption of hydrogen as an environmentally friendly alternative to fossil fuels. Among the forms currently available, Liquid Hydrogen (LH2) offers high energy density and efficient storag...
Nowadays, aircraft fuel tanks are protected by measures such as inerting, fire and explosion suppression, which significantly improve their ability to mitigate mechanical damage and prevent fire in the case of an accidental attack. In this study, an...
One of the most important environmental and safety concerns in nuclear fusion plants is the confinement of radioactive substances into the reactor buildings during both normal operations and accidental conditions. For this reason, hydrogen build-up a...
Explosions, once limited to military and accidental contexts, now occur frequently due to advances in warfare, local disputes, and global conflicts. Recent incidents, like urban bombings, emphasize the urgent need for infrastructure to withstand expl...
Accidental hydrogen releases from pipelines pose significant risks, particularly with the expanding deployment of hydrogen infrastructure. Despite this, there has been a lack of thorough investigation into hydrogen leakage from pipelines, especially...
Currently, the use of fossil fuels is very high and existing nature reserves are rapidly depleted. Therefore, researchers are turning their attention to find renewable fuels that have a low impact on the environment, to replace these fossil fuels. Bi...
Owing to their superior performance in countering electromagnetic interference on the battlefield, laser fuzes have become a promising candidate for application in munition systems. However, as the short-pulse laser is activated by an electrical sign...
The past quarter-century may justly be referred to as a period analogous to the “Cambrian explosion” in the history of proteins. This period is marked by the appearance of the intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) on the scene since th...
In order to protect the reinforced concrete (RC) slab structure from damage under some accidental conditions, such as impacting and explosion, we used bio-inspired honeycomb column thin-walled structure (BHTS) to serve as a buffer interlayer for the...
The accidental release of toxic gases leads to fire, explosion, and acute toxicity, and may result in severe problems for people and the environment. The risk analysis of hazardous chemicals using consequence modelling is essential to improve the pro...
To prevent climate change, Europe and the world must shift to low-carbon and renewable energies. Hydrogen, as an energy vector, provides viable solutions for replacing polluting and carbon-emitting fossil fuels. Gaseous hydrogen can be stored undergr...
This article describes development and confirmatory testing of a method to study the evaporation of a volatile solvent containing ignitable ingredients in an isolated subsurface structure, a type of confined space. Accidental spillage and surreptitio...
Thin-walled metal plates and cabin structures are widely found in ships and cargos which are susceptible to attacks or accidental explosions. The present work focuses on the dynamic response mechanism of steel plates under unconfined and confined bla...
Hydrogen is regarded as a promising energy source for the future due to its clean combustion products, remarkable efficiency and renewability. However, its characteristics of low-ignition energy, a wide flammable range from 4% to 75%, and a rapid fla...
The HTPE (hydroxyl-terminated polyether) propellant had a lower ignition temperature (150 °C vs. 240 °C) than the HTPB (hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene) propellant in the slow cook-off test. The reactions of the two propellants were combusti...
Performing liquefied natural gas (LNG) bunkering involves the risk of accidental leakage. When released from containment, LNG rapidly vaporizes into flammable natural gas and could lead to flash fire and explosion. Hence, LNG bunkering needs to take...
Although the accidental or intentional explosions produced in industrial facilities or in urban areas are events with low probability, they have a high destructive potential and potential for human injuries and/or fatalities. One of the types of such...
Liquid hydrogen (LH2) spills share many of the characteristics of liquefied natural gas (LNG) spills. LNG spills on water sometimes result in localized vapor explosions known as rapid phase transitions (RPTs), and are a concern in the LNG industry. L...
Batteries and hydrogen constitute two of the most promising solutions for decarbonising international shipping. This paper presents the comparison between a battery and a proton-exchange membrane hydrogen fuel cell version of a high-speed catamaran f...
11 November 2019
The scale of the damage due to chemical accidents in Korea is significant, and appropriate preparation and response are required. Currently, Korean enterprises are managed on the basis of the presence of certain substances. However, chemicals other t...
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