The development of reliable and scalable control software is a key requirement for the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory, where distributed subsystems must operate coherently and support increasingly automated observing strategies. This paper pre...
Originally developed to image the shadow region of the central black hole in Sagittarius A* and in the nearby galaxy M87, the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) provides deep, very high angular resolution data on other active galactic nucleus (AGN) source...
An engineering validation of a large optical telescope consists of executing major performing tests at the subsystem level to verify the overall engineering performance of the observatory. Thus, the relative pointing error verification of the telesco...
The Haystack Telescope is an antenna with a diameter of 37 m and an elevation-dependent surface accuracy of ≤
The 4 × 4.5 m radio telescope array at Guizhou Normal University is an astronomical observation facility in operation, mainly aiming at the scientific detection of pulsars and fast radio bursts. To adequately address the observational requireme...
On-orbit assembling space telescope (OAST) is one of the most feasible methods to implement a large-scale space telescope. Unlike a monolithic space telescope (such as Hubble Space Telescope, HST) or a deployable space telescope (such as James Webb S...
Low vision is a condition in which a person experiences a significant loss of visual acuity or visual field that ordinary glasses, surgery, or medication cannot correct. Individuals suffering from this condition struggle to perform daily tasks, even...
Radio astronomy uses radio telescopes to detect very faint emissions from celestial objects. However, human-made radio frequency interference (RFI) is currently a common problem faced by most terrestrial radio telescopes, and it is getting worse with...
The design and construction of a small-area, low-cost educational cosmic ray telescope is presented. It can be operated in high-school classrooms or university laboratories. The telescope consists of three small-area scintillation detectors with all...
Large survey telescopes are vital for mapping dark energy and dark matter in the deep universe. This study presents a fiber-linked internal motion metrology system that aligns the mirrors and large lenses in the telescopes to enhance alignment accura...
Reflective imaging systems such as Cassegrain-type telescopes are widely utilized in astronomical observations. However, curved mirrors in traditional Cassegrain telescopes unavoidably make the imaging system bulky and costly. Recent developments in...
Wide field-of-view imaging optics offer a huge potential for space-based Earth observation enabling the capture of global data. Reflective imaging telescopes are often favored, as they do not show chromatic aberrations and are less susceptible to rad...
The dynamic response of a radio telescope structure under wind load excitation significantly impacts the accuracy of signal reception. To address this issue, this study established a parametric finite element model of a radio telescope to simulate it...
We employ neural networks for classification of data of the TUS fluorescence telescope, the world’s first orbital detector of ultra-high energy cosmic rays. We focus on two particular types of signals in the TUS data: track-like flashes produced by c...
The proliferation of terrestrial and space-based communication systems introduces significant radio frequency interference (RFI), which severely compromises data acquisition for radio telescopes, necessitating robust and dynamic scheduling solutions....
The ASTRI Mini-Array is an Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) project to build and operate an array of nine Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) at the Teide Astronomical Observatory of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias in Te...
In the present work, we propose a simple analytical algorithm for unobscured two-mirror telescope designs. It is based on fitting of the closest aberration-free surface for each field position and allows for computation of the wave aberration distrib...
The proposed next generation Event Horizon Telescope (ngEHT) concept envisions the imaging of various astronomical sources on scales of microarcseconds in unprecedented detail with at least two orders of magnitude improvement in the image dynamic ran...
Geodetic Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) uses radio telescopes as sensor networks to determine Earth orientation parameters and baseline vectors between the telescopes. The TWIN Telescope Wettzell 1 (TTW1), the first of the new 13.2 m diamet...
Space-based gravitational wave detection programs, such as the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) or Taiji program, obtain gravitational wave signals by measuring the change in the distance between three satellites by laser. The telescope is a...
In this work, we design a control strategy to be applied in a port-Hamilton representation of a liquid-mirror telescope for an alt-azimuth configuration. Starting from a dynamical model for an alt-azimuth liquid-mirror telescope based on Lagrange mec...
Space gravitational wave detection, which could help humanity explore the mysteries of the universe, is a significant objective in the scientific world today, and several different countries and scientific groups have organized programs targeting its...
Aperture space telescopes are widely used in space debris size information detection and celestial body detection work. For the problem of limited space inside the optical system of large aperture telescopes, a space telescope mounting method based o...
During the operation of space gravitational wave detectors, the constellation configuration formed by three satellites gradually deviates from the ideal 60° angle due to the periodic variations in orbits. To ensure the stability of inter-satellit...
In this paper, a numeric optimization approach for designing space telescope mirrors will be presented. It is fundamental to space telescopes that each element—including their mirrors—are as lightweight as possible. Moreover, the performa...
We propose a new secondary mirror support structure assisted by multi-robotics to improve the observation performance of vehicle-mobile telescope systems. A mathematical model of the displacement at the end of the robotic and the variation of telesco...
Aiming at improving the speed and accuracy of auto-focus for telescope observation, algorithms for image estimation and auto-focus were investigated and are discussed in this article. Based on the image quality assessment, the auto-focusing process o...
This study presents the design and optimization of a digital-imaging afocal telescope system that integrates an afocal telescope architecture with an imaging optical subsystem. The proposed system employs a combination of spherical and aspherical opt...
Optical aberrations represent a critical issue for gravitational wave interferometers, as they impact the stability and controllability of the experiment. In the next generation of detectors, the circulating power in the cavity arms is expected to in...
At present, the majority of sparse-aperture telescopes (SATs) are unable to observe moving targets. In this paper, we describe the construction of and present the results obtained using a Fizeau directly-imaging sparse-aperture telescope (FDISAT) tha...
High-energy neutrino astronomy is a fascinating new field of research, rapidly developing over recent years. It opens a new observation window on the most violent processes in the universe, fitting very well to the concept of multi-messenger astronom...
High-sensitivity and large-scale surveys are essential in advancing radio astronomy, enabling detailed exploration of the universe. A Phased Array Feed (PAF) installed in the focal plane of a radio telescope significantly enhances mapping efficiency...
With the increasing number of space debris, the demand for telescopes to observe space debris is also constantly increasing. The telescope observation scheduling problem requires algorithms to schedule telescopes to maximize observation value within...
Robotic observatories are ideal infrastructures that can be remotely accessed by scientists, amateurs, and general public for research and education in Astronomy. Its robotization is a complex process for ensuring autonomy, safety, and coordination a...
The Ritchey–Chrétien telescope has been the key optical module for remote sensing instruments (RSI), in which the root mean square (RMS) random surface wavefront error and the alignment error of the primary and the secondary mirror takes...
The third Antarctic Survey Telescope array instrument at Dome A in Antarctica, the AST3-3 telescope, has been in commissioning from March 2021. We deployed AST3-3 at the Yaoan astronomical station in Yunnan Province for an automatic time-domain surve...
In the rubidium-87 atomic fountain clock, the laser collimating and beam-expanding telescope plays a key role in atomic cooling and manipulation, as well as in realizing the cold-atom fountain. To address the bulkiness of conventional laser collimati...
Active optics techniques in astronomy provide high imaging quality. This paper is dedicated to highly deformable active optics that can generate non-axisymmetric aspheric surfaces—or freeform surfaces—by use of a minimum number of actuato...
The Einstein Telescope is Europe’s next generation gravitational-wave detector. To develop all necessary technology, four research facilities have emerged across Europe: The Amaldi Research Center (ARC) in Rome (Italy), ETpathfinder in Maastric...
This paper presents the conceptual design of an on-axis 6 metre aperture space telescope designed to cover a field of view of ±0.2 degrees with an optical quality at the diffraction limit within a spectral range between 0.5 μm and 2.5 μm...
The Einstein Telescope (ET) will be a third-generation Gravitational Wave (GW) detector that will tackle cutting-edge technological challenges. The ET will be constructed at a depth of 200–300 m to isolate it from vibrations caused by seismic w...
A Golay3 multi-mirror telescope (MMT) system is designed in this paper. The fill factor of the Golay3 MMT is derived from the angular resolution of the telescope. An initial configuration is established according to the paraxial optical theory. A thr...
This article presents the results of evaluating the possibility of conducting radio astronomy studies in the windows of atmospheric transparency ~100, ~230, and ~350 GHz using the optical Big Telescope Alt-Azimuthal (BTA) of the Special Astrophysical...
A space-borne telescope is used for Earth observation at about 500 km above sea level in the thermosphere where the air density is very low and the temperature increases significantly during daytime. If the telescopes are aligned and characterized on...
To satisfy the demands of high image quality and resolutions, telescope alignment is indispensable. In this paper, a wavefront sensorless method based on a modified stochastic parallel gradient descent algorithm (SPGD) called the adaptive moment esti...
Spectroscopic observations of a massive star formation in the ultraviolet and their interpretation are reviewed. After a brief historical retrospective, two well-studied resolved star clusters and the surrounding H II regions are introduced: NGC 2070...
Rapidly rotating neutron stars with very strong surface magnetic fields are observed to emit pulsed emission in the whole range of electromagnetic spectrum from radio to high-energy gamma rays. These so-called pulsars are known for their exceptional...
The Atacama desert stands as the most arid, non-polar, region on Earth and has accommodated a considerable portion of the world’s ground-based astronomical observatories for an extended period. The comprehension of factors important for observa...
Mini-EUSO is a wide-angle fluorescence telescope that registers ultraviolet (UV) radiation in the nocturnal atmosphere of Earth from the International Space Station. Meteors are among multiple phenomena that manifest themselves not only in the visibl...
The telescope is the core device for space gravitational wave detection. It is responsible for receiving signal light and emitting outgoing light simultaneously. When the high-energy outgoing laser passes through the telescope, it would produce stray...
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