Therapeutic oligonucleotides interact with a target RNA via Watson-Crick complementarity, affecting RNA-processing reactions such as mRNA degradation, pre-mRNA splicing, or mRNA translation. Since they were proposed decades ago, several have been app...
The agricultural sector is facing unprecedented challenges as a result of climate change. As temperatures continue to rise and weather patterns shift, the dynamics of plant–virus interactions are significantly altered, requiring innovative solu...
In recent years, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have gained unprecedented attention as new and crucial players in the regulation of numerous cellular processes and disease responses. In this review, we describe how diverse ncRNAs, including both small RNAs...
This work aims to contribute to nucleic acid therapy advances by highlighting RNA interactions with novel compounds, namely lipoaminoacids (LAAs), which show great potential as non-viral vectors. LAAs not only retain the advantages associated with cu...
RNA-targeting techniques have emerged as powerful tools in cancer research and therapeutics, offering precise and programmable control over gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Once viewed as passive intermediates in the central dogma,...
There is growing evidence on the significant role of prolonged inflammation in triggering and progressing of numerous diseases with substantial health and socioeconomic impacts, such as musculoskeletal, cardiovascular and autoimmune disorders, and ca...
Background: Circulating miRNAs have been identified as potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis and monitoring of cancers. However, limitations of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods are currently delaying the transition of miRNA resear...
RNA-based therapy has been an expanding area of clinical research since the COVID-19 outbreak. Often, its comparison has been made to DNA-based gene therapy, such as adeno-associated virus- and lentivirus-mediated therapy. These DNA-based therapies s...
A long scientific journey has led to prominent technological advances in the RNA field, and several new types of molecules have been discovered, from non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) to riboswitches, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and CRISPR systems. Such f...
Recent advances in molecular biology have led to the development of RNA-based therapeutics, offering significant promise for treating various eye diseases. Current RNA therapeutics include RNA aptamers, antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), small interf...
RNA-based therapeutics offer transformative potential for treating devastating diseases. However, current RNA delivery technologies face significant hurdles, including inefficient tissue targeting, insufficient selectivity, and severe side effects, l...
Our duty to conserve global natural ecosystems is increasingly in conflict with our need to feed an expanding population. The use of conventional pesticides not only damages the environment and vulnerable biodiversity but can also still fail to preve...
Nucleic acid-based therapies have the potential to address numerous diseases that pose significant challenges to more traditional methods. RNA-based therapies have emerged as a promising avenue, utilizing nanoformulation treatments to target a range...
Genetic neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) encompass a heterogeneous group of conditions characterized by impaired cognitive, behavioral, and neurological development resulting from pathogenic variants affecting brain development and synaptic functi...
RNA-based therapeutics are becoming increasingly important in oncology, particularly following the rapid development of mRNA technologies during the COVID-19 pandemic, but their success strongly depends on how efficiently they can be delivered to tar...
Recent advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized plant disease diagnosis and management. This review focuses on disease diagnosis through serological techniques, isothermal amplification methods, CRISPR-based approaches, and management st...
Efforts to develop more environmentally friendly alternatives to traditional broad-spectrum pesticides in agriculture have recently turned to RNA interference (RNAi) technology. With the built-in, sequence-specific knockdown of gene targets following...
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly accelerated progress in RNA-based therapeutics, particularly through the successful development and global rollout of mRNA vaccines. This review delves into the transformative impact of the pandemic on RNA ther...
The development of new sequencing technologies in the post-genomic era has accelerated the identification of causative mutations of several single gene disorders. Advances in cell and animal models provide insights into the underlining pathogenesis,...
Body fluids in the context of cancer diagnosis are the primary source of liquid biopsy, i.e., biomarker detection that includes blood and serum, urine, and saliva. RNA represents a particular class of biomarkers because it is thought to monitor the c...
The identification of body fluids in forensic science has increasingly relied on RNA-based approaches due to their tissue specificity and ability to provide probative information beyond DNA profiling. Among the analytical platforms used for RNA detec...
There is unequivocal acceptance of the variety of enormous potential liquid nucleic acid-based diagnostics seems to offer. However, the existing controversies and the increased awareness of RNA-based techniques in society during the current global CO...
Cell therapy approaches to treat a wide range of pathologies have greatly benefited from cell reprogramming techniques that allow the conversion of a somatic cell into a pluripotent cell. Many technological developments have been made since the initi...
There has been increased interest in the development of RNA-based vaccines for protection against various infectious diseases and also for cancer immunotherapies. Rapid and cost-effective manufacturing methods in addition to potent immune responses o...
With the success of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy in B-cell malignancies, efforts are being made to extend this therapy to other malignancies and broader patient populations. However, limitations associated with the time-consuming an...
Since the discovery of RNA in the early 1900s, scientific understanding of RNA form and function has evolved beyond protein coding. Viruses, particularly retroviruses like human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), rely heavily on RNA and RNA post-...
Obstructive airway diseases, e.g., chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma, represent leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, the efficacy of currently available inhaled therapeutics is not sufficient for arresti...
Small RNA molecules such as microRNA and small interfering RNA (siRNA) have become promising therapeutic agents because of their specificity and their potential to modulate gene expression. Any gene of interest can be potentially up- or down-regulate...
Background: The use of urine markers for diagnosis and surveillance has been a topic of broad interest and ongoing controversies in the management of patients with bladder cancer. There has been a constant quest for markers that demonstrate clinical...
The RNA world is wide, and besides mRNA, there is a variety of other RNA types, such as non-coding (nc)RNAs, which harbor various intracellular regulatory functions. This review focuses on small interfering (si)RNA and micro (mi)RNA, which form a com...
This review examines the evolutionary trajectory and functional versatility of RNA, beginning with its proposed involvement in the origin of life and culminating in its current application in therapeutic strategies. We explored the complexity of the...
To achieve the World Health Organization’s global Sustainable Development Goals, increased production of high-quality protein for human consumption is required while minimizing, ideally reducing, environmental impacts. One way to achieve these...
The global economic and healthcare crises experienced over the past three years, as a result of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has significantly impacted the commonplace habits of humans around the world. SARS-CoV-2, th...
Gene-editing technology, specifically the CRISPR-Cas13a system, has shown promise in breeding plants resistant to RNA viruses. This system targets RNA and, theoretically, can also combat RNA-based viroids. To test this, the CRISPR-Cas13a system was i...
Replicating RNA, including self-amplifying RNA (saRNA) and trans-amplifying RNA (taRNA), holds great potential for advancing the next generation of RNA-based vaccines. Unlike in vitro transcribed mRNA found in most current RNA vaccines, saRNA or taRN...
Recent advances in gene expression analysis techniques and increased access to technologies such as microarrays, qPCR arrays, and next-generation sequencing, in the last decade, have led to increased awareness of the complexity of the inflammatory re...
In the last few decades, RNA-based drugs have emerged as a promising candidate to specifically target and modulate disease-relevant genes to cure genetic defects. The key to applying RNA therapy in clinical trials is developing safe and effective del...
Insects and ectoparasites are causes for major concern throughout the world due to their economic and welfare impacts on livestock agriculture. Current control measures involve chemicals such as acaricides which pose challenges like chemical resistan...
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a challenging hematologic malignancy characterized by clonal plasma cell proliferation, often leading to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite advances in chemotherapy and CAR-T therapies, MM remains incurabl...
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) and diabetic foot infections (DFIs) are associated with reduced patient quality of life, lower-extremity amputation, hospitalization, and high morbidity and mortality. Diverse bacterial communities have been identified in...
Human genome projects in the 1990s identified about 20,000 protein-coding sequences. We are now in the RNA revolution, propelled by the realization that genes determine phenotype beyond the foundational central molecular biology dogma, stating that i...
Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), particularly oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), is an increasingly prevalent pathology worldwide, especially in developed countries. For diagnosing HPV i...
RNA therapeutics have undergone remarkable evolution since their inception in the late 1970s, revolutionizing medicine by offering new possibilities for treating previously intractable diseases. The field encompasses various modalities, including ant...
Lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulated messenger RNA-based (LNP-mRNA) vaccines came into the spotlight as the first vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 virus to be applied worldwide. Long-known benefits of mRNA-based technologies consisting of relatively simple...
The detection of ALK receptor tyrosine kinase (ALK), ROS proto-oncogen1, receptor tyrosine kinase (ROS1), ret proto-oncogen (RET), and MET proto-oncogen exon 14 skipping (METΔex14) allows for the selection of specific kinase inhibitor treatment...
The complexity, and the diversity of the different types of cancers allied to the tendency to form metastasis make treatment efficiency so tricky and often impossible due to the advanced stage of the disease in the diagnosis. In recent years, due to...
Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine technology has revolutionized the field of immunization, offering a non-infectious, non-genome-integrating platform that addresses many limitations of traditional vaccine modalities. Recent advancements in chemical modifi...
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Liver disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. As in other fields of medicine, there is a stringent need for non-invasive markers to improve patient diagnostics, monitoring and prognostic ability in liver pathology. Cell-free ci...
In the last decades, technological advances for RNA manipulation enabled and expanded its application in vaccine development. This approach comprises synthetic single-stranded mRNA molecules that direct the translation of the antigen responsible for...
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as promising tools for cancer diagnosis and therapy owing to their excellent biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, and ability to transport diverse bioactive molecules. This review summarizes recent advances...
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