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Novel Therapeutic Targets in Cancers: 4th Edition

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2026 | Viewed by 742

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche, via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
Interests: NSCLC; SCLC; murine models; tumor microenvironment; cancer stem cells; therapy resistance; therapeutic targeting; BMI1; scRNAseq; spatial transcriptomics; single-cell interactomes; gene regulation; transcription factors; KRAS; EGFR; miRNA
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is the continuation of our previous Special Issues “Novel Therapeutic Targets in Cancers” (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/ijms/special_issues/Therapeutic_Targets_Cancers ); “Novel Therapeutic Targets in Cancers 2.0” (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/ijms/special_issues/VJC6KR93C0); and “Novel Therapeutic Targets in Cancers: 3rd Edition” (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/ijms/special_issues/TF6N2JWG6Y).

In recent decades, novel precision oncology protocols have been developed and are now beginning to be adopted in routine clinical practice. However, despite major advances, the goal of transforming solid tumors into a chronic disease remains unfulfilled, and long-term remission has yet to be achieved.

Starting from preclinical models (cell lines, organoids, and murine models), we can identify oncogenic pathways, mechanisms of resistance, and novel avenues to inhibit tumor growth and metastatic spread that will eventually enter clinical trials. Novel technologies—such as those capable of pinpointing the contribution of tumor heterogeneity to transformation and dissemination, as well as tumor evolution during drug response and recurrence—are poised to revolutionize cancer treatment by expanding the therapeutic arsenal at our disposal. State-of-the-art precision medicine protocols require the convergence of multiple interdisciplinary contributions, including the identification of single-cell-specific genetic and epigenetic alterations, the discovery of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, the implementation of efficient and specific diagnostic tools, the design of genomic editing protocols, and the planning of well-designed therapeutic strategies that consider the best sequential options to delay/prevent the development of recurrence.

This Special Issue welcomes original research papers as well as concise review manuscripts from experts in these relevant fields. The Issue is supervised by Dr. Elena Levantini, assisted by our Topical Advisory Panel Member Dr. Giorgia Maroni.

Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  1. Solid tumor heterogeneity;
  2. Targeted therapy, including target identification and validation;
  3. Immune modulation;
  4. RNA-based therapy;
  5. Epigenetic therapy;
  6. Combination therapy, considering also sequential treatments and drug holidays;
  7. Cancer stem cell targeting;
  8. Recurrence mechanisms;
  9. Tumor evolution as defined by high-resolution transcriptomics;
  10. Preclinical modeling of the heterogeneous tumor milieux.

Please note that manuscripts consisting solely of bioinformatics or computational analyses of public genomic or transcriptomic databases, without accompanying validation (either in an independent cohort or through biological validation in vitro or in vivo), are outside of the scope for this Special Issue.

Dr. Elena Levantini
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • targeted therapy
  • precision oncology
  • immune modulation
  • cancer stem cell targeting
  • RNA-based therapy

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 1647 KB  
Article
Inhibitors of De Novo Guanylate Biosynthesis Enhance the Potency of MAPK Cascade Inhibitors Against Colorectal Cancer
by Alexei A. Maslov, Nicholas H. Trageser, Julia V. Kichina, Haya Elamir, Evelyn Gardner, Frances Teaman, Vera Vishwanath, Scott M. Dugas, Anna Bianchi-Smiraglia, Katerina I. Leonova, Katerina V. Gurova, Mikhail A. Nikiforov and Eugene S. Kandel
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(24), 11959; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms262411959 - 11 Dec 2025
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Abstract
Despite continuing improvement in the standard of care, the clinical outcomes in metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) remain poor, especially among patients whose tumors carry activating mutations in BRAF or RAS-family oncogenes. These mutations initiate a series of oncogenic signal transduction events, known as [...] Read more.
Despite continuing improvement in the standard of care, the clinical outcomes in metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) remain poor, especially among patients whose tumors carry activating mutations in BRAF or RAS-family oncogenes. These mutations initiate a series of oncogenic signal transduction events, known as the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade. While therapeutic targeting of this pathway achieved impressive results in other malignancies, the effectiveness of this approach remains low in CRC. In the current study, we observed that inhibitors of GTP production synergize with various inhibitors of the MAPK cascade in suppressing a variety of CRC cell lines. Furthermore, we discovered that an inhibitor of guanylate biosynthesis increases the efficacy of MAPK cascade inhibitors against human CRC grown in mice. Moreover, a combination of MEK and guanylate biosynthesis inhibitors is more potent than the MEK inhibitor alone in increasing the efficacy of immune therapy in an immunocompetent mouse model. Considering that guanylate biosynthesis inhibitors are already used in clinical practice for other applications, their use in synergistic combinations with the inhibitors of the MAPK cascade may present an actionable strategy to increase the efficacy of the latter. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Therapeutic Targets in Cancers: 4th Edition)
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Review

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30 pages, 2183 KB  
Review
Interferon-Based Therapeutics in Cancer Therapy: Past, Present, and Future
by Kristina Vorona, Anastasia Ryapolova, Olesya Sokolova, Alexander Karabelsky, Roman Ivanov, Vasiliy Reshetnikov and Ekaterina Minskaia
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(23), 11679; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms262311679 - 2 Dec 2025
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Abstract
Interferons (IFNs) are well-known immunostimulants involved in both innate and adaptive immune responses. These multifunctional proteins mediate an early antiviral response and have pronounced immunomodulatory and antiproliferative properties. Due to their potency, IFNs have been used not only in the treatment of viral [...] Read more.
Interferons (IFNs) are well-known immunostimulants involved in both innate and adaptive immune responses. These multifunctional proteins mediate an early antiviral response and have pronounced immunomodulatory and antiproliferative properties. Due to their potency, IFNs have been used not only in the treatment of viral infections but also various other diseases. However, the use of IFNs in antitumor therapy has been limited by the frequent severe side effects, which reduced their appeal for the treatment of cancer. In this review, we focused on current data on recombinant IFNs used for anticancer therapy, as well as the development of promising IFN-based gene therapy approaches, with a focus on their safety and therapeutic efficacy. We also highlighted various types of IFNs and their application niches in the treatment of not only cancers in combination therapy but also of certain rare diseases. Taken together, this review improves our understanding of the existing IFN applications in cancer therapy, the disadvantages of using IFNs, and possible approaches for their improvement. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Therapeutic Targets in Cancers: 4th Edition)
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