211 Results Found

Biopolymers are increasingly explored as safer and more sustainable food packaging materials. This study evaluated the migration behavior of intentionally and non-intentionally added substances (IAS and NIAS), as well as the safety of gelatin and xan...

Superinfection exclusion (SIE) is an antagonistic interaction between identical or closely related viruses in host cells. Previous studies by us and others led to the hypothesis that SIE was elicited by one or more proteins encoded in the genomes of...

Several food contact materials (FCMs) contain non-intentionally added substances (NIAS), and most of the substances that migrate from plastic food packaging are unknown. This review aimed to situate the main challenges involving unknown NIAS in plast...

The two homologous genes, NIA1 and NIA2, encode nitrate reductases in Arabidopsis, which govern the reduction of nitrate to nitrite. This step is the rate-limiting step of the nitrate assimilation and utilization. Therefore, the regulation of NIA1 an...

Nitrate reductase (NR) is important for higher land plants, as it catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the nitrate assimilation pathway, the two-electron reduction of nitrate to nitrite. Furthermore, it is considered to be a major enzymatic source of...

Environmental challenges, high safety risks and operational inefficiencies are some of the issues facing the mining sector. The paper offers an integrated viewpoint to address these issues by combining swarm robotics, nature-inspired algorithms (NIAs...

Food contact materials (FCMs) are an underestimated source of food chemical contaminants and a potentially relevant route of human exposure to chemicals that are harmful to the endocrine system. Foods and water are the main sources of exposure due to...

In this paper, the Novel Immune Algorithm (NIA) is proposed for an optimal design of electrical machines. By coupling the conventional Immune Algorithm and Steepest Descent Method, the NIA can perform fast and exact convergence to both global solutio...

Molecularly imprinted microspheres obtained by precipitation polymerization using nicotinamide (nia) as template have been prepared and characterised by SEM. How various experimental parameters can affect microsphere morphology, reaction yield and re...

Nitrate reductases (NRs) catalyze the first step in the reduction of nitrate to ammonium. NR activity is regulated by sumoylation through the E3 ligase activity of AtSIZ1. However, it is not clear how NRs interact with AtSIZ1 in the cell, or how nitr...

Nitrogen assimilation is vital for apple growth, yield, and quality, with nitrate reductase (NIA), nitrite reductase (NIR), glutamine synthetase (GS), and glutamate synthase (GOGAT) serving as key regulatory enzymes. This study systematically identif...

The leaching of chemicals by materials has been integrated into risk management procedures of many sectors where hygiene and safety are important, including food, medical, pharmaceutical, and biotechnological applications. The approaches focus on dir...

The aspergilli comprise a diverse group of filamentous fungi spanning over 200 million years of evolution. In this work, we report a clarification of the phylogenetic relationship between A. carbonarius and A. tubingensis via the screening of ITS-5.8...

Phthalates are the synthetic chemical plasticizers with the most varied uses and are a source of concern due to their toxicity and ubiquity, so much so that even plasticizer-free polymers can contain them as non-intentionally added substances (NIAS)....

Heat stress is a key environmental factor that adversely affects plant growth, development, and productivity. Nitrate reductase (NR), encoded by AtNIA1 and AtNIA2, plays a crucial role in nitric oxide (NO) biosynthesis, which mediates stress response...

Precise flowering timing is critical for the plant life cycle. Here, we examined the molecular mechanisms and regulatory network associated with flowering in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L.) by comparative transcriptome profiling of two Chinese cab...

According to European regulations, migration from food packaging must be safe. However, currently, there is no consensus on how to evaluate its safety, especially for non-intentionally added substances (NIAS). The intensive and laborious approach, in...

Seed longevity is a crucial trait for the seed industry and genetic resource preservation. To develop excellent cultivars with extended seed lifespans, it is important to understand the mechanism of keeping seed germinability long term and to find us...

The aim of the present study was to develop and validate the Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Questionnaire—Parents Report (ARFID-Q-PR), a new tool to diagnose ARFID, based on a report submitted by Polish mothers of children aged 2 to...

Polyethylene (PE) is a widely used material for packaging food. However, certain additives and their degradation products, which may be generated during transformation processes, may pose risks to consumers health if they migrate into food at levels...

Nowadays, food packaging is a crucial tool for preserving food quality and has become an inseparable part of our daily life. Strong consumer demand and market trends enforce more advanced and creative forms of food packaging. New packaging developmen...

Numerical Association Rule Mining (NARM), which simultaneously handles both numerical and categorical attributes, is a powerful approach for uncovering meaningful associations in heterogeneous datasets. However, designing effective NARM solutions is...

Dialkyl diketene dimers are used as sizing agents in the manufacture of paper and board for food contact applications to increase wetting stability. Unbound residues can hydrolyze and decarboxylate into dialkylketones. These non-intentionally added s...

A systematic review was conducted on the migration of compounds from plastic containers in the food and pharmaceutical industries, using Web of Science databases and following PRISMA guidelines (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Me...

Food packaging materials may be a potential source of contamination through the migration of components from the material into foodstuffs. Potential migrants can be known substances such as additives (e.g., plasticizers, stabilizers, antioxidants, et...

UV-curable inks, coatings, and adhesives are being increasingly used in food packaging systems. When exposed to UV energy, UV-photoinitiators (PI’s) present in the formulations produce free radicals which catalyze polymerization of monomers and...

The endocrine activity and endocrine disruptor (ED) chemical profiles of eleven plastic packaging materials covering five major polymer types (3PET, 1HDPE, 4LDPE, 2 PP, and 1SAN) were investigated using in vitro cell-based reporter-gene assays and a...

Plum pox virus (PPV) infects Prunus trees across the globe, causing the serious Sharka disease. Breeding programs in the past 20 years have been successful, generating plum varieties hypersensitive to PPV that show resistance in the field. Recently,...

Background: Sarcopenia is the age-related, progressive loss of strength, function, and skeletal muscle mass, which can be assessed with specific tests. The Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) has been proposed as a key biomarker of aging, and i...

Australia has multiple lagoviruses with differing pathogenicity. The circulation of these viruses was traditionally determined through opportunistic sampling events. In the lead up to the nationwide release of RHDVa-K5 (GI.1aP-GI.1a) in 2017, an exis...

The identification of four potential nonstructural 5 (NS5) residues—K28, K45, V335, and S749—that share the same amino acid preference in STAT2-interacting flaviviruses [Dengue virus (DENV) and Zika virus (ZIKV)], but not in STAT2-non-int...

Similar to other flaviviruses, Zika virus (ZIKV) produces abundant subgenomic flavivirus RNA (sfRNA) derived from the 3’ untranslated region. The molecular mechanisms that determine the functions of sfRNA are currently not completely understood. Here...

West Nile virus (WNV) is a neurotropic flavivirus that can cause encephalitis in mammalian and avian hosts. In America, the virulent WNV strain (NY99) is causing yearly outbreaks of encephalitis in humans and horses, while in Australia the less virul...

The recent emergence of Zika virus (ZIKV) in Brazil was associated with an increased number of fetal brain infections that resulted in a spectrum of congenital neurological complications known as congenital Zika syndrome (CZS). Herein, we generated d...

This survey is an effort to provide a research repository and a useful reference for researchers to guide them when planning to develop new Nature-inspired Algorithms tailored to solve Feature Selection problems (NIAs-FS). We identified and performed...

Near-infrared autofluorescence (NIA) is a non-invasive retinal imaging technique used to examine the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) based on the autofluorescence of melanin. Melanin has several functions within RPE cells. It serves as a protective...

Ongoing global research actions seek to comprehensively understand the adverse impact of stress and anxiety on the physical and mental health of both human beings and animals. Niaprazine (NIA) is a chemical compound that belongs to the class of piper...

As a gaseous biological signaling molecule, nitric oxide (NO) regulates many physiological processes in plants. Over the last decades, this low molecular weight compound has been identified as a key signaling molecule to regulate plant stress respons...

In this work, two indazole derivatives, namely 5-aminoindazole (AIA) and 5-nitroindazole (NIA), were investigated as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in 1 M HCl solution by experimental and density functional theory (DFT) methods. The electroche...

Background: Previous studies have shown that ventilation strategies used in general anesthesia influence perioperative outcomes of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). This study investigated the perioperative effects of non-intubated anesthe...

A fast and automated approach has been developed for the tentative identification and risk assessment of unknown substances in plastic food contact materials (FCM) by GC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS. The proposed approach combines GC-HRMS full scan data acquisiti...

Toxin–antitoxin (TA) systems in bacteria are key regulators of the cell cycle and can activate a death response under stress conditions. Like other bacterial elements, TA modules have been widely exploited for biotechnological purposes in diver...

Decoupling capacitors are fundamental keys for the reduction of transient noise in power delivery networks; their arrangement and values are crucial for reaching this goal. This work deals with the optimization of the decoupling capacitors of a power...

In this study, an accelerated migration test on food can coatings into food simulants was investigated. Food simulants covering a wide range of polarity were used to conduct migration tests at 60 °C with storage times ranging from 4 h to 30 days....

The aim of this work was to develop active packaging based on polypropylene (PP) and polylactic acid (PLA) matrices using a high value by-product extracted from orange peel as an active compound for food packaging applications. Different films with a...

The growing use of plastics in food packaging has raised concerns about chemical migration into consumables, posing potential health risks. Ensuring the safety of packaging materials is a critical public health priority. This study aimed to validate...

Wine quality and safety is affected by the food contact materials (FCMs) used. These materials are expected to protect the beverage from any chemical, physical, or biological hazard and preserve its composition stable throughout its shelf-life. Howev...

According to the European circular economy strategy, all plastic packaging placed on the market by 2030 has to be recyclable. However, for recycled plastics in direct contact with food, there are still major safety concerns because (non-)intentionall...

PET beverage bottles have been recycled and safely reprocessed into new food contact packaging applications for over two decades. During recollection of post-consumer PET beverage bottles, PET containers from non-food products are inevitably co-colle...

Recyclers worldwide face a common bottleneck: incoming mixed plastic bales are chemically opaque, yet the choice between mechanical recycling, chemical recycling, and energy recovery hinges on contaminant levels that cannot be judged by visual inspec...