178 Results Found

To better understand the population genetic structure and molecular biological background of Conger myriaster, an economically important marine fish, a total of 217 complete mitochondrial cytochrome b (Cyt b) gene sequences with a length of 1142 bp w...

Aim: Hyperglycemia damages mitochondria and downregulates transcription of mtDNA-encoded genes and the long noncoding RNA LncCytB, causing mitochondrial genomic instability. The genes encoded by mtDNA are transcribed as large polycistronic transcript...

Point mutation G143A in the cytochrome b (Cyt b) protein commonly confers resistance to quinone outside inhibitor (QoI) fungicides in phytopathogenic fungi, including Corynespora cassiicola, which causes cucumber target spot disease. However, the eff...

Onychostoma barbatulum and O. alticorpus, two primarily freshwater cyprinid fish, have similar morphological characters and partially overlapping ecological habitats. In order to explore the genetic differences between these two species, chromosomal...

High-throughput DNA metabarcoding of mitochondrial 12S rRNA and Cyt b gene sequences was coupled with a morphology-based identification tool to assess ichthyoplankton community structure in Oujiang River Estuary, China. The performances of 12S and Cy...

Non-native species threaten native ecosystems and species, particularly on islands where rates of endemism and vulnerability to threats are high. Understanding species invasion will aid in providing insights into ecological and evolutionary processes...

The Sambar is one of the largest deer species distributed mainly in Asia, and it has been listed as a vulnerable species. Taxonomy based on morphological characterization has been the gold standard method used to identify the Sambar deer species. Yet...

Pyrenophora teres f. teres (Ptt) is a severe pathogen to spring barley in Northern Europe. Ptt with relevant mutations in fungicide target proteins, sterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51A), cytochrome b (Cyt b), and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) would...

In spite of the global barcoding effort, there is still a lack of genetic data on African freshwater fishes. We aimed to contribute to bridging this gap by providing molecular data on commercially important catfish species from the north-western part...

A new species of Pareas Wagler, 1830 is described from Dulongjiang Township, Gongshan County, Yunnan Province, China. Phylogenetically, the new species is most closely related to Pareas kaduri Bhosale, Phansalkar, Sawant, Gowande, Patel and Mirza, 20...

In an attempt to disentangle the complex taxonomy of the Labeobarbus species of the Epulu River, a right bank headwater affluent of the Aruwimi, Central Congo basin, a morphological study was undertaken on 221 specimens from the Epulu and 32 type spe...

We describe a new species of the genus Pareas, based on three specimens collected from Guanyinshan Provincial Nature Reserve in Yuanyang County, Honghe Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China. The new species is distinguished from its congeners by one pre...

During an examination of various specimens previously collected from different locations at different times, we discovered four Murina specimens that had been collected in October and December 2023 from the Huanglianshan National Nature Reserve, Lvch...

Trypanosoma cruzi is a hemoflagellate protozoan and the causative agent of Chagas disease, also known as American trypanosomiasis. Transmission occurs through the feces of triatomine insects, its biological vector. It is estimated that around 7 milli...

Ramularia leaf spot caused by the fungus Ramularia collo-cygni, has recently become widespread in Estonian barley fields. Currently, disease control in barley fields relies on SDHI and DMI fungicides, which might be threatened by R. collo-cygni isola...

The adaptive significance of sympatric mitochondrial (mtDNA) variation and the role of selective mechanisms that maintain it are debated to this day. Isofemale lines of Drosophila obscura collected from four populations were backcrossed within popula...

CYTOCHROME P450s genes are a large gene family in the plant kingdom. Our earlier transcriptome data revealed that a CYTOCHROME P450 gene of Citrus sinensis (CsCYT75B1) was associated with flavonoid metabolism and was highly induced after drought stre...

Herein, the in vitro metabolism of tyrosine kinase inhibitor cabozantinib, the drug used for the treatment of metastatic medullary thyroid cancer and advanced renal cell carcinoma, was studied using hepatic microsomal samples of different human donor...

Z. tritici first appeared in Italy later than in northern-central European countries. QoIs fungicides currently play a role in STB control, used in combination with Demethylation Inhibitors (DMIs) or Succinate dehydrogenase Inhibitors (SDHIs). In thi...

The pikeperch is a freshwater/brackish water fish species with growing interest for European aquaculture. Wild populations show signs of decline in many areas of the species natural range due to human activities. The comparative evaluation of genetic...

Conservation of indigenous species, especially endemic ones, is of the utmost importance. Morphological determination of species is usually not sufficient; therefore, molecular phylogenetic analyses of the Illyrian chub, Squalius illyricus, and the Z...

Species diagnosis is essential to assess the level of mislabeling or misnamed seafood products such as sushi. In Chile, sushi typically includes salmon as the main ingredient, but species used are rarely declared on the menu. In order to identify whi...

Animal forensic genetics, where the focus is on non-human species, is broadly divided in two: domestic species and wildlife. When traces of a domestic species are relevant to a forensic investigation the question of species identification is less imp...

The European eel (Anguilla anguilla (L.)) is a unique catadromous euryhaline fish and the only anguillid eel species classified as ‘critically endangered’. The Baltic Lakeland area contains naturally recruited and introduced eels. Th...

A new species of the genus Herpetoreas is described from Yunnan Tongbiguan Provincial Nature Reserve, Yingjiang County, Dehong Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China. The new species can be separated from its congeners by a combination of the following c...

The Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) is listed in CITES Appendix II and is protected under the Bern Convention and the EU Habitats Directive, yet it remains a frequent target of wildlife crime, highlighting the urgent need for reliable identification method...

This study investigates the phylogenetic relationships, genetic diversity, and biogeographic structure of Pipistrellus species in Türkiye using mitochondrial cytochrome b (Cytb) sequences from 156 specimens collected across 26 localities. Our pr...

Imbalance in the cellular redox system is thought to be associated with the induction and progression of breast cancers, and heme proteins may regulate the redox balance. Cytochrome b₅ (Cyt b₅) is a small mitochondrial heme protein. Its function and...

Standard toxicity tests might not be fully adequate for evaluating nanomaterials since their unique features are also responsible for unexpected interactions. The in vitro cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) test is recommended for genotoxicity tes...

The thermotolerant representative of the Bacillus cereus group, Bacillus cytotoxicus, reliably harbors the coding gene of cytotoxin K-1 (CytK-1). This protein is a highly cytotoxic variant of CytK toxin, initially recovered from a diarrheal foodborne...

Boron (B) is a micronutrient for plant development, and its deficiency alters many physiological processes. However, the current knowledge on how plants are able to sense the B-starvation signal is still very limited. Recently, it has been reported t...

Cytolytic activity score (CYT), defined by granzyme A and perforin expression, is a useful marker for underlying immunity. We hypothesized that CYT-high hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) have stronger immunogenicity and favorable tumor microenvironmen...

Autolysis in sea cucumber has long been a threat to raw material storage and product processing. The involvement of endogenous cysteine protease in sea cucumber autolysis has been proved extendedly. However, as an essential part of the mechanism of a...

Bacillus cereus is estimated to be responsible for 1.4–12% of all food poisoning outbreaks worldwide. The objective of this study was to investigate the toxigenic potential of 181 isolates of B. cereus previously recovered from different types...

Disaccharide trehalose has been proven in many cases to be particularly effective in preserving the functional and structural integrity of biological macromolecules. In this work, we studied its effect on the electron transfer reactions that occur in...

Resveratrol, a safe and multi-targeted agent, has been associated with suppression of survival, proliferation and metastasis of cancer, however, the underlying mechanisms for its anti-cancer activity, particularly on cellular signaling during cancer...

The photoproduction of superoxide anion radical (O₂^−•) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) in photosystem II (PSII) preparations depending on the damage to the water-oxidizing complex (WOC) was investigated. The light-induced formation of O₂^&minu...

Cyanobacterial cytochrome c6 (Cyt c6) is crucial for electron transfer between the cytochrome b6f complex and photosystem I (PSI), playing a key role in photosynthesis and enhancing adaptation to extreme environments. This study investigates the high...

C₄ plants play a key role in world agriculture and strategies to manipulate and enhance C₄ photosynthesis have the potential for major agricultural impacts. The C₄ photosynthetic pathway is a biochemical CO₂ concentrating mechanism that requires the...

Background/Objectives: This study evaluated a novel PET tracer, ⁶⁸Ga-NOTA-CYT-200, which targets human granzyme B (GZB) as a biomarker for cytotoxic T-cell activation in a clinically relevant model of melanoma-bearing mice with a humanized immune sys...

The combination of genomic and proteomic analyses is a useful tool for the study of novel Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) strains, as these approaches allow the accurate identification of pesticidal proteins and virulence factors produced. Here, we isola...

Cytisine (CYT) is a powerful anti-smoking compound which could greatly benefit from transbuccal delivery because of both its unfavorable pharmacokinetics after oral administration and its intrinsic ability to permeate the buccal mucosa. This work aim...

In the last decade, foodborne outbreaks and individual cases caused by bacterial toxins showed an increasing trend. The major contributors are enterotoxins and cereulide produced by Bacillus cereus, which can cause a diarrheal and emetic form of the...

Plastidial glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH, GAPCp) are ubiquitous proteins that play pivotal roles in plant metabolism and are involved in stress response. However, the mechanism of GAPCp’s function in plant stress resistance process...

Since the first X-ray structure of Cry3Aa was revealed in 1991, numerous structures of B. thuringiensis toxins have been determined and published. In recent years, functional studies on the mode of action and resistance mechanism have been proposed,...

A mutant, Δsll1252^ins, was generated to functionally characterize Sll1252. Δsll1252^ins exhibited a slow-growth phenotype at 70 µmol photons m⁻² s⁻¹ and glucose sensitivity. In Δsll1252^ins, the rate of PSII activity...

A popular approach to spatiotemporally target genes using the loxP/Cre recombination system is stereotaxic microinjection of adeno-associated virus (AAV) expressing Cre recombinase (AAV_Cre) in specific neuronal structures. Here, we report that AAV_C...

Analysis of mitochondrial DNA, specifically the cytochrome b gene (cyt b), has become an essential tool for species identification. In the case of degraded samples, in which DNA is fractionated, universal primers, which are highly effective at amplif...

Under laboratory conditions, Triatoma rosai and T. sordida are able to cross and produce hybrids. In the face of climate and environmental changes, the study of hybrids of triatomines has evolutionary and epidemiological implications. Therefore, we p...

Bacillus cereus sensu lato can contaminate food and cause food poisoning by producing toxins such as cereulide, toxin BL, and cytotoxin K. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed B. cereus sensu lato from retail food products and food poisoni...