1,982 Results Found

It is important to clarify the reaction behavior of 2CaO·SiO₂ (C₂S) during hot metal dephosphorization. In this study, C₂S was prepared and added to steel slag to investigate the reaction of C₂S particles with CaO–SiO₂–FeO–P₂...

Solid catalysts are the best choice for an effective large-scale biodiesel production process. This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of catalysts due to the influence of variations in sintering temperature and binder composition on heteroge...

CaO-SiO₂-La₂O₃-Nb₂O₅ system is of great significance for the pyrometallurgical utilization of Bayan Obo tailing resources. In the present work, the phase equilibrium of this quaternary system at 1400 °C was determined by a thermodynamic equilibri...

In the current work, the phase equilibria of CaO-SiO₂-La₂O₃-Nb₂O₅ system at 1200 °C in reducing atmosphere (PO₂ = 10⁻¹⁵ atm) was investigated according to the melting separation process for extracting lanthanum and niobium resources from Ba...

There is a high iron content in nickel slag that mainly exists in the fayalite phase. Basic oxide can destroy the stable structure of fayalite which is beneficial to the treatment and comprehensive utilization of nickel slag. The research was based o...

The glass phase is one of the binding phases in high-basicity sinter, which is mainly formed during a high-temperature cooling process while cannot crystallize in time. The phase still involves the “structure” information of the binding p...

For optimizing the operational efficiency and productivity within blast furnace processes, a profound understanding of the viscous flow characteristics of CaO–SiO₂–MgO–Al₂O₃–B₂O₃ slag systems is of paramount importance. In thi...

In this paper, the CaO-SiO₂-Fe_tO-P₂O₅ dephosphorization slag system during the premier and middle stage of the converter process was studied, the effect of slag composition on the distribution ratio and activity coefficient of P in the n·2CaO&...

In this study, the structure, viscosity characteristics, and crystallization behavior of CaO-SiO₂-B₂O₃ based melts were studied combining molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, rotating viscometer test, an...

Ladle furnace (LF) refining is one of the most widely used secondary refining processes for producing clean steel and constitutes a key process in the steelmaking–continuous casting section. The properties of slag play a decisive role in determ...

In order to reduce the amount of fluorite during the steelmaking process for environmental protection, it is essential to investigate the fluorine-free slag system. Thus, high-basicity CaO–SiO₂–FeO_x–MgO slag with B₂O₃ content from 0...

With the raw materials for ironmaking becoming increasingly complex, more accurate phase equilibrium information on the slag is needed to refine the blast furnace operation to reduce the energy cost and CO₂ emissions. CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃-MgO is a basic sy...

The CaO-SiO₂-P₂O₅ system is one of the main systems studied aiming for the synthesis of new bioactive materials for bone regeneration. The interest in materials containing calcium-phosphate-silicate phases is determined by their biocompatibility, bio...

In view of obtaining fundamental information on phosphorus recovery from steelmaking slag and sewage sludge, a laboratory experiment using the model specimen of a slag/sludge mixture prepared at 1573 K was carried out to investigate phase relation in...

The effects of slag components on the sulfur distribution ratio {(wt.%S)/[wt.%S]} were analyzed using thermodynamic calculations. On this basis, the effects of the slag with different binary basicities (wt.% CaO/wt.% SiO₂ = 3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 9.0 and 11....

In view of the depletion of high-grade magnesite resources in China, this study presents a comparative analysis of two industrial fused magnesia products produced via a flotation–fusion route. A low-grade magnesite (DSQLM-3, MgO 41.48 wt.%) was...

Silicon is an essential material for metallurgical and energy applications, yet its conventional carbothermic production is associated with high CO₂ emissions. The SisAl process offers a low-emission alternative based on the reduction of SiO₂ using a...

Na₂O is an alkaline oxide, which can significantly improve the dephosphorization ability of converter slag. The effect of Na₂O on the dephosphorization of converter slag was analyzed with a high-temperature dephosphorization experiment in a MoSi₂ res...

The thermodynamic equilibrium of the CaO-TiO₂-SiO₂ system plays a crucial role in the design of ceramic materials. CaO-TiO₂-SiO₂ ternary systems were thermodynamically evaluated and optimized using the CALculation of PHAse Diagram (CALPHAD) method. T...

Although forsterite (Mg₂SiO₄) possesses good biocompatibility and suitable mechanical properties, the insufficient bioactivity and degradability hinders its further application. In this study, a novel MgO-CaO-SiO₂ system was developed by adding wolla...

Calcium phosphate materials and materials based on silicon dioxide have been actively studied for more than 50 years due to their high biocompatibility and bioactivity. Hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate are the most known among calcium phosphat...

Titanium-extracted tailing is a by-product generated during titanium-bearing blast furnace slag treatment process. The crystallization behavior of the titanium-extracted tailing during the cooling process is significant to its utilization for glass c...

To better understand the mass transfer behaviors in CaC₂ production from CaO and coke, this paper studies the diffusion behaviors of CaO and graphite, with or without ash, at 1500 and 1700 °C. CaO and graphite are pressed into tablets and heated...

The new approach to obtaining ceramic materials in the Na₂O–CaO–SiO₂–P₂O₅ system based on the binder—an aqueous solution of sodium silicate and filler—hydroxyapatite was shown in current research. After heat treatment at...

The microwave dielectric properties of β-CaSiO₃ glass–ceramics are compared with those of α-CaSiO₃ ceramics. β-CaSiO₃ is prepared using glass–ceramics method with two-step heat treatment at 730 °C for 1–7 h and a...

Crystalline silicon cutting waste (SCW) is a promising secondary silicon resource for Al-Si alloy production, but high-melting Al₂O₃ generated during aluminothermic reduction hinders alloy droplet coalescence and slag–metal separation. In this...

More and larger blast furnaces have been constructed for ironmaking across the world in recent years due to the advantages of high productivity, high energy efficiency and low cost. Slag plays important role in a blast furnace to produce high-quality...

Lead poses significant health risks to humans, including neurological and developmental impairments, particularly in children. Additionally, lead pollution in the environment can contaminate soil, water, and air, endangering wildlife and ecosystems....

Knowledge of the phase equilibria in the MgO–CaO–SiO₂–Al₂O₃ slag system is crucial for the nickel laterite smelting process. The phase equilibria of this slag system were experimentally investigated, focusing on the olivine and trid...

Cortesognoite (IMA 2014-029), CaV₂Si₂O₇(OH)₂·H₂O, is a new vanadium silicate mineral that occurs within V-bearing lawsonite in association with vanadiocarpholite, chalcocite, quartz, minor poppiite, roscoelite, vanadomalayaite and volborthite in a si...

This paper studied the effect of additives of 0.5–20 wt.% synthetic CaSiO₃ wollastonite on the thermodynamic, mechanical, and tribological characteristics and structure of polymer composite materials (PCM) based on ultra-high-molecular weight polyeth...

Within the Ca-Al-silicate system, dense, layered hexagonal phases occur at high temperatures and pressures between 20 and 23 GPa. They have been observed both in nature and in experiments. In this study, we describe the endmember with a dominant sixf...

The equations of state of different phases in the CaSiO₃ system (wollastonite, pseudowollastonite, breyite (walstromite), larnite (Ca₂SiO₄), titanite-structured CaSi₂O₅ and CaSiO₃-perovskite) are constructed using a thermodynamic model based on the H...

In order to reduce the influence of CaF₂ addition on the mechanical properties of self-lubricating ceramic tools, we applied a silicon dioxide (SiO₂) coating on calcium fluoride (CaF₂) nanoparticles through hydrolysis and condensation reactions using...

With the rapid development of microelectronic information technology, microelectronic packaging has higher requirements in terms of integration density, signal transmission speed, and passive component integration. Low temperature co-fired ceramics (...

Calcium (Ca)-bearing minerals are of interest for the design of electrode materials required for rechargeable Ca-ion batteries. Here we use classical simulations to examine defect, dopant and transport properties of CaFeSi₂O₆. The formation of Ca-iro...

The rapid increase in electronic waste poses a significant environmental issue, with copper-rich residues considered among the most valuable fractions. Extracting copper of high purity from these materials is critical for advancing sustainable resour...

This study developed high-performance anti-flashover silicone coatings using sol–gel-synthesized CaCO₃/SiO₂ hierarchical fillers optimized via L₁₆(4⁵) orthogonal design. The optimal filler (Sample 5) was prepared under 70 vol% ethanol, with nTE...

Calcium silicate (CaSiO₃) scaffolds were reinforced by introducing liquid phase. The liquid phase was made of B₂O₃ and ZnO. The fracture toughness and compressive strength increased by 48% and 141%, respectively, compared with those of the scaffolds...

Large-scale reuse of copper tailings can mitigate environmental hazards and recover strategic elements; this work investigates the feasibility of producing foam glass-ceramics with high copper-tailing content (>70 wt%) by tuning the CaO/SiO₂ ratio...

A series of Eu³⁺ doped CaSiO₃/SiO₂ nano-phosphor powder of controlled grain size, crystalline structure, and chemical composition were synthesized using the microemulsion technique. The morphology, size, and shape of the synthesized nanophosphorous p...

CaSiO₃ polymorphs are abundant in only unique geological settings on the Earth’s surface and are the major Ca-bearing phases at deep mantle condition. An accurate and comprehensive study of their density and structural evolution with pressure and tem...

Mg₂SiO₄ holds promise for its application in the microwave communication field due to its low dielectric constant and high Q×f value. However, its high negative τ_f and high sintering temperature limit its application in low-temperature co-f...

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are promising devices for electrical power generation from hydrogen or hydrocarbon fuels. The paper reports our study of CaO-SiO₂-B₂O₃ material with composition 36 mol.% SiO₂, 26 mol.% B₂O₃, and 38 mol.% CaO as a high-t...

Separating P₂O₅ from steelmaking slag is the key to achieving optimum resource utilization of slag. If the P-concentrating 2CaO∙SiO₂–3CaO∙P₂O₅ solid solution was effectively separated, it can be a potential phosphate resource and the remaining slag r...

A novel and cleaner process for lead and silver recycling from multiple lead-containing wastes, e.g., lead ash, lead sludge, lead slag, and ferric sludge, by reductive sulfur-fixing smelting was proposed. In this process, coke and iron-containing was...

The mineral-like phase Ca₃SiO₄Cl₂, an anthropogenic anhydrous calcium chlorine-silicate from the Chelyabinsk coal basin has been investigated using single-crystal and high-temperature powder X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The empirical for...

China’s 2022 crude steel production soared to an impressive 1.018 billion tons, and steel slag constituted approximately 10% to 15% of this massive output. However, a notable hindrance to the comprehensive utilization of steel slag arises from...

To explore the feasibility of hot metal desulfurization using red mud, the sulfur distribution ratio (L_S) between CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃-Na₂O-TiO₂ slag and carbon-saturated iron is evaluated in this paper. First, the theoretical liquid areas of the CaO-SiO₂-...

In this study, a CaO–SiO₂–Al₂O₃-based continuous casting mold flux was designed using the FactSage thermodynamics software to determine the composition range of CaF₂. The viscosity characteristics of the mold flux were determined using a rotating vis...