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The intermediate-conductance Ca²⁺-activated potassium channel KCa3.1 plays a crucial role in various cellular processes and is implicated in the pathogenesis of neuroimmune, inflammatory, cardiovascular, and oncological diseases. Pore blockers of KCa...

Communication between tumors and the nervous system influences tumor growth, invasion, pain and immune regulation. This mini-review critically examines extracellular vesicle (EV)-mediated cancer–nerve communication in peripheral solid tumors, s...

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is driven by the BCR-ABL fusion oncoprotein, a constitutively active tyrosine kinase whose inhibition by tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) transformed disease management. However, kinase-domain mutations, persistent leu...

Severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the single-stranded RNA virus responsible for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), continues to circulate globally, with the emergence of antigenically distinct variants posing ongoing challenges to v...

Thunbergia laurifolia Lindl. has long been used in Thai traditional medicine as a detoxifying herb and for the management of liver disorders. However, evidence regarding chemically standardized extracts and their hepatoprotective effects remains limi...

Activity cliffs are pairs of closely related compounds whose potencies differ far more than their structures suggest, and the compounds involved in them remain a leading cause of local failure in ligand-based potency prediction. The MoleculeACE bench...

The eukaryotic parasite Trypanosoma brucei undergoes a developmental transition from the proliferative “slender” form to the cell-cycle-arrested “stumpy” form, a process that is essential for parasite transmission competence....

Head and neck cancer (HNC) has high recurrence rates, and radiotherapy remains fundamental to treatment. Although extreme hypofractionation delivers higher doses per fraction than normofractionated regimens (≥5 Gy vs. 2 Gy/fraction), with clinical...

Telomeres are regions located at the ends of chromosomes, consisting of tandemly repeated nucleotide sequences. Their primary functions are to protect chromosome ends, prevent the recognition of natural chromosome termini as DNA double-strand breaks...

Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) induces complex cellular responses in the injured brain, yet the phenotypic plasticity of resident glial cells during post-ischemic repair remains incompletely understood. Here, we investigated neuronal-like phenotypic rem...

An accurate diagnosis and longitudinal monitoring of traumatic brain injury (TBI) require non-invasive, objective metrics. This systematic review evaluates the clinical utility of urinary biomarkers across the TBI spectrum. Following the PRISMA 2020...

The accurate prediction of drug-safety risks remains a major challenge in drug development, particularly for biologics and advanced therapeutic modalities, for which complex molecular and cellular interactions can contribute to immune and toxicologic...

RNA editing is a post-transcriptional process that alters RNA nucleotide sequences, potentially affecting protein coding and RNA function. In this study, we identified 2132 senescence-associated RNA editing sites, defined as editing events present in...

Evaluating drug efficacy in pulmonary hypertension (PH) relies on decreased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), which can be misleading if the role of intrapulmonary arteriovenous anastomoses (IPAVA) is neglected. In this secondary, cross-cohort com...

Aging is associated with alterations in cellular homeostasis, including age-related dysregulation of autophagic capacity and flux. Autophagy is an essential catabolic process that clears damaged organelles and aggregated proteins; however, with age,...

The human midline-1 (MID1) protein is an important E3 ubiquitin ligase that regulates cellular homeostasis by catalyzing the ubiquitination of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), alpha4 (α4), and Fu kinase. The E3 ubiquitin ligase activity of MID1 i...

Adipocyte differentiation is central to adipose-tissue homeostasis, but its regulatory landscape remains incompletely defined in human cells. Here, we perform a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screen in oleic acid-differentiated human SW872 preadipo...

Evidence has increasingly shown that the HB53/40/21 clade within HD-ZIP I plays an important role in floral organ development in plants. In this study, we performed genome-wide identification of HD-ZIP family members in Chinese chestnut Castanea moll...

This study aims to advance the development of metal-based antimicrobial materials by exploring the correlation between synthesis parameters and functional characteristics of sol–gel-derived TiO₂/CuO/ZnO powders. The examined sample has a nomina...

Synaptic dysfunction and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are accompanied by neuroinflammation and peripheral immune activation. Activation of humoral immunity is known to be associated with the formation of catalytic antibodies ca...

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are an important component of the tumor microenvironment (TME) but their role in canine oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains uncertain. We aimed to characterize the spatial distribution of cells expressing the Treg-a...

Free-living amoebae (FLA) are common in the environment, and some of them are pathogenic to animals and humans. The presence of FLA in the lower gastrointestinal tract and feces of vertebrates, and their role in the host organism, is a young field th...

Chronic insomnia disorder (CID) is a prevalent condition with a substantial public health burden, yet its genetic basis remains incompletely understood. In this study, we performed whole-exome sequencing in a Chinese cohort comprising 51 patients wit...

The PIEZO channel is a mechanically sensitive ion channel that plays a crucial role in converting mechanical stimuli into biological signals. The discovery of the mechanically gated ion channel PIEZO represents a milestone breakthrough in the field o...

Odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp cells involves coordinated molecular changes; however, temporal transcriptional programs remain incompletely characterized. This study investigated time-dependent transcriptional responses to odontogen...

Dopamine regulates pleiotropic physiological processes, and its multifunctional nature is hypothesized to underlie the comorbidity between systemic disorders. For instance, neurodevelopmental conditions, such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and att...

High immune-cell infiltration does not guarantee effective anti-tumor immunity. Suppression of anti-tumor immunity may explain the variable prognosis and immunotherapy response of immune-inflamed triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). We asked whether...

Tissue-enriched gene expression programs contribute to organ identity and provide foundational reference profiles for interpreting tissue-of-origin molecular signatures. In this study, we re-analysed the dataset E-MTAB-2836 RNA-seq archive, comprisin...

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) exhibits sex-dependent differences in islet β-cell dysfunction, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. By integrating two independent single-cell RNA sequencing datasets, we performed sex-stratified analyse...

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent an important alternative to conventional antibiotics, conferring bactericidal and anti-biofilm properties to biomaterial surfaces to address the challenge of antibiotic resistance. KSL-W is a decapeptide with b...

Tyrosinase is a key enzyme in melanogenesis and a target for the development of agents against hyperpigmentation. In this study, fifteen thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives conjugated with aryl- or benzylpiperazine moieties were designed and synthesiz...

Adult type diffuse gliomas are malignant neoplasms with a high mortality rate and low therapeutic efficacy. The lack of relevant models hinders the search for and development of new therapeutic and diagnostic methods. The rat glioma tissue strain 10-...

Oxidative stress biology has long worked within a framework in which reactive species cause damage and antioxidants supply the remedy. Large antioxidant trials have returned null or harmful results, and systemic redox biomarkers such as malondialdehy...

The growing prevalence of high-fat diets and sedentary lifestyles has contributed to a marked rise in metabolic disorders and a concomitant increase in cardiovascular disease (CVD). High-fat diet-induced lipotoxicity is a key pathological driver that...

The development of high-performance supercapacitor electrodes requires optimizing charge storage, electron transport, and active-site accessibility. In this study, MXene/polypyrrole/zinc oxide (MXene/PPy/ZnO) ternary nanocomposites were fabricated th...

Lipotoxic stress from saturated fatty acids compromises the mitochondria of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAdMSCs) and, with them, their regenerative capacity. We exposed hAdMSCs to sodium palmitate at 250 and 500 µM for 24 h an...

Hydrogen sulfide can regulate protein function, but interactions with zinc-containing proteins and their relevance to human disease remain uncertain. We assessed recent human evidence linking sulfur exposure or endogenous sulfur-pathway alterations t...

Accurate expression prediction and rational gene design for specific expression levels are central challenges in synthetic biology and recombinant protein production. Here, we present GenOA, a software toolbox with a graphical user interface that pre...

Prophages shape bacterial evolution, yet their distribution and domestication in symbiotic bacteria remain largely unexplored. We screened 182 rhizobiophage genomes against 105 strains of the genus Sinorhizobium, with S. meliloti and S. medicae compr...

Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) represents a significant clinical challenge, characterized by resistance to androgen receptor antagonists such as enzalutamide (ENZ) and by immune tolerance mechanisms. Although monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) h...

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains an aggressive malignancy, largely due to its resistance to conventional apoptosis-inducing therapies and induction of survival autophagy, making the identification of novel cell death mechanisms critical....

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide despite major therapeutic advances, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Although a subset of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) experiences...

Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) regulates tissue lipid partitioning, but its role in fish muscle lipid metabolism remains unclear. Here, a homozygous lpl-a knockout zebrafish line (lpl-a^−/−) was constructed using CRISPR/Cas9 and fed a high-fat d...

Molecular classification has transformed treatment selection in endometrial cancer (EC), but most biomarkers are defined at diagnosis and may not represent the biological state of tumors after therapeutic exposure. In advanced, recurrent, or metastat...

Molecular structure, revealed by crystallography, cryo-electron microscopy, imaging, and prediction, remains foundational to biology and drug design, yet function also depends on how structures flex, adapt, and interact. Proteins and RNA populate alt...

Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is prevalent among patients with type 2 diabetes, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) has been reported to be associated with LTBI. This observational study aimed to determine whether serum AhR levels decrease aft...

Periodontitis is epidemiologically associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), but the tissue-cell states shared by the two diseases are unknown. We integrated seven public droplet-based scRNA-seq datasets into an atlas of 498,185 cells from...

Neutrophilic asthma represents a severe, often corticosteroid-insensitive asthma subtype with an unmet clinical need for new therapeutic targets. This study aimed to identify key molecular mediators and regulatory pathways involved in neutrophilic ai...

Melanocytic nevi are common benign skin neoplasms, but the quantitative characteristics of CD68+ and CD163+ immunopositive cells within their microenvironment remain incompletely understood. The present study aimed to compare the density and distribu...

Neuronal excitability can be controlled by the level of potassium (K⁺) outside a neuron through both its effects on the cell membrane’s electrical properties and its influence on ion transport across the membrane. Recent studies have also shown...