Visibility is a fundamental meteorological parameter critical for surface transportation, aviation, maritime navigation, and weather process investigation. Scattering visibility meters are extensively utilised for their simple design and rapid respon...
Measurements of absorption coefficients (a(λ), in m−1) collected by spectrophotometers in situ are overestimated due to the scattering of the reflecting tube absorption meter. Accurate correction of these data is essential in order to ch...
The Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimations of systematic errors are caused by diffraction distortions of the measured spatial structure of a electromagnetic field. These distortions result from scattering of incident waves on the antenna system and n...
In situ aircraft measurements of the sizes and concentrations of liquid cloud droplets and ice crystals with maximum dimensions (Dmax) less than ~50 μm have been measured mainly using forward scattering probes over the past half century. The opera...
Satellite laser altimetry can obtain sub-meter or even centimeter-scale surface elevation data over large areas, but it is inevitably affected by scattering caused by clouds, aerosols, and other atmospheric particles. This laser ranging error caused...
Measuring the orientation, mass and body length of migratory insects through entomological radar is crucial for early warnings of migratory pests. The fully polarized entomological radar is an efficient device for observing migratory insects by calcu...
Traditional synthetic aperture radar (SAR) autofocusing methods are based on the point-scattering model, which assumes the scattering phases of a target to be a constant. However, as for the distributed target, especially the arc-scattering target, t...
This paper concentrates on extended targets to suppress high sidelobes in non-grid multiple scattering points. Notice that the problem essentially resolves the high sidelobes of the non-grid multiple scatterers after locating positions; we proposed a...
We propose a new collaborative beamforming (CB) solution robust (i.e., RCB) against major channel estimation impairments over dual-hop transmissions through a wireless sensor network (WSN) of K nodes. The source first sends its signal to the WSN. The...
The bionic polarimetric imaging navigation sensor (BPINS) is a navigation sensor that provides absolute heading, and it is of practical engineering significance to model the measurement error of BPINS. The existing BPINSs are still modeled using phot...
The new spaceborne photon-counting lidar, i.e., ICESat-2, has shown great advantages in obtaining nearshore bathymetry at a global scale. The forward-scattering effect in the water column is one of the main error sources in airborne lidar bathymetry...
We study how surface distortions of liquid samples due to a meniscus and a tilt of a semi-open coaxial test cell affect errors in a broadband permittivity determination. The study is based on the scattering parameters, obtained using the electromagne...
The propagation of light underwater is tied closely to the optical properties of water. In particular, the underwater channel imposes attenuation on the optical signal in the form of scattering, absorption, and turbulence. These attenuation factors c...
Leveraging differential interferometric techniques, ground-based synthetic aperture radar (GB-SAR) delivers highly accurate displacement measurements, typically reaching submillimeter scales. However, in practical engineering, minor platform instabil...
The discontinuous mode of ground-based synthetic aperture radar (GB-SAR) is suitable for monitoring creep landslides. However, the instrument needs to be installed and disassembled repeatedly, which could inevitably cause repositioning error, and sev...
Multispectral LiDAR can simultaneously obtain distance and spectral information and shows great potential for underwater detection. However, absorption and scattering caused by suspended particles in water lead to energy attenuation and multiple scat...
Photon counting detector arrays are commonly used for deep space optical communication receivers operating on the principle of intensity modulation/direct detection (IM/DD). In scenarios where beam parameters can vary at the receiver due to scatterin...
In this paper, the impact of several polarization distortions on geometrical structure retrieval of man-made targets in inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) images is assessed. For polarimetric ISAR, the polarization distortions are usually compos...
Time-series Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) techniques encounter substantial reliability challenges, primarily due to the presence of gross errors arising from phase unwrapping failures. These errors propagate through the processing...
RGB-D cameras have become common in many research fields since these inexpensive devices provide dense 3D information from the observed scene. Over the past few years, the RealSense™ range from Intel® has introduced new, cost-effective RGB-...
This paper examines the effect of finger fat pad thickness on the accuracy performance of complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR)-based microwave sensors for non-invasive blood glucose level detection. For this purpose, a simplified four-layer Cole...
This article focuses on the fusion of flaw indications from multi-sensor nondestructive materials testing. Because each testing method makes use of a different physical principle, a multi-method approach has the potential of effectively differentiati...
In this manuscript, we will apply the regularized meshless method, coupled with an error estimation technique, to tackle the challenge of modeling oblique incident waves interacting with multiple cylinders. Given the impracticality of obtaining an ex...
Spatially dense operative deflection shapes and receptances, acquired in broad frequency bands, increase the detail in the spatial and frequency domains of the responses of parts in actual dynamic loading, manufacturing and mounting conditions. This...
Power line communication within a lithium-ion battery allows for high fidelity sensor data to be transferred between sensor nodes of each instrumented cell within the battery pack to an external battery management system. In this paper, the changing...
Precise prediction of a cyclone track with wind speed, pressure, landfall point, and the time of crossing the land are essential for disaster management and mitigation, including evacuation processes. In this paper, we use an artificial neural networ...
A new displacement sensor with light-field modulation, named as time grating, was proposed in this study. The purpose of this study was to reduce the reliance on high-precision measurements on high-precision manufacturing. The proposed sensor uses a...
Frequency domain methods used in electromagnetic analyses, such as the Method of Auxiliary Sources (MAS) and the various Moment Methods (MoM), share many similarities but have notable differences in terms of numerical stability, accuracy, and computa...
Daylight discomfort glare evaluation is important when selecting shading properties. New standards recommend allowable glare frequency limits but do not specify the modeling accuracy required for annual glare risk assessment. Fast simulation tools al...
With the increasing need for particulate matter (PM) monitoring, the demand for light-scattering sensors that allow for real-time measurements of PM is increasing. This light-scattering method involves irradiating light to the aerosols in the atmosph...
It is well known that the basis of diffraction analysis of matter is scattering, including the scattering of ultrashort laser pulses. In the theory of scattering of ultrashort pulses, the pulse duration parameter is usually not taken into account, wh...
Broadband spectral measurements of the ballistic transmission of scattering samples are challenging. The presented work shows an approach that includes a broadband system and an automated adjustment unit for compensation of angular distortions caused...
Cirrus clouds contain a large number of irregular small ice crystals. These solid ice crystals cause energy loss and reduce the signal-to-noise ratio at the receiver, causing errors in reception. Considering the random motion and structural diversity...
Many applications seek to measure a sample’s absorption coefficient spectrum to retrieve the chemical makeup. Many real-world samples are optically turbid, causing scattering confounds which many commercial spectrometers cannot address. Using d...
Soil moisture (SM) estimates are important to research, but are not accurately predictable in areas with tall vegetation. Full-polarization Radarsat-2 C-band data were used to retrieve SM contents using typical polarization decomposition (Freeman–Dur...
Twist angle errors along the blade radial direction are uncertain and affected by cutting force, tool wear, and other factors. In this paper, the measured twist angle errors of 13 sections of 72 rotor blades were innovatively analyzed to obtain the r...
Satellite retrievals of the atmospheric dry-air column-average mole fraction of CO
Insufficient three-dimensional (3D) geolocation accuracy of interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) scatterers on dikes often hampers the distinction between the dike crest and slopes. This limitation hinders effective monitoring and interpr...
The sky-radiometer/sun-photometer is the most widely used instrument for obtaining aerosol optical depth (AOD) or aerosol optical properties worldwide. Due to the existence of field of view (FOV, 1°), the radiation received by the sky-radiometer...
The strike of vertical fractures is a key geometric parameter for interpreting subsurface structures. However, conventional single-polarimetric ground-penetrating radar (SP-GPR) provides limited information on subsurface targets, making it difficult...
When retrieving Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) from passive satellite sensors, the vertical distribution of aerosols usually needs to be assumed, potentially causing uncertainties in the retrievals. In this study, we use the Moderate Resolution Spectror...
The light scattering properties of particles play important roles in radiative transfer in many dispersed systems, such as turbid atmosphere, ocean water, nanofluids, composite coatings and so on. As one of the scattering property parameters, the sca...
Previous studies have shown that it is feasible to retrieve multiple cloud properties simultaneously based on the space-borne hyperspectral observation in the oxygen A-band, such as cloud optical depth, cloud-top height, and cloud geometrical thickne...
The total scattering method, which is based on measurements of both Bragg and diffuse scattering on an equal basis, has been still challenging even by means of synchrotron X-rays. This is because such measurements require a wide coverage in scatterin...
In underwater optical wireless communications (UOWC), scattering of the propagating light beam results in both intensity and phase variations, which limit the transmission link range and channel bandwidth, respectively. Scattering of photons while pr...
Self-calibrating and dual-slope measurements have been used in the field of diffuse optics for robust assessment of absolute values or temporal changes in the optical properties of highly scattering media and biological tissue. These measurements emp...
This paper presents an approach to scattered data interpolation using q-Bézier triangular patches via an efficient algorithm. While existing studies have formed q-Bézier triangular patches through convex combination, their application t...
In the marine environment, sea salt aerosol particles transition from cubic or rectangular shapes when dry to various non-spherical shapes like ellipsoids and cylinders under different humidities. The complex humidity conditions and particle morpholo...
It is well known that X-ray crystallography is based on X-ray diffraction (XRD) for atoms and molecules. The diffraction pattern arises as a result of scattering of incident radiation, which makes it possible to determine the structure of the scatter...
The calculation of low frequency expansions for acoustic wave scattering has been under thorough investigation for many decades due to their utility in technological applications. In the present work, we revisit the acoustic Low Frequency Scattering...
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