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212 Results Found

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
5,481 Views
17 Pages

Development of an Electronic Smart Safe Box Using Private Blockchain Technology

  • Basil Alothman,
  • Chibli Joumaa,
  • Abdulrahman Alotaibi,
  • Bandar Alotaibi,
  • Bashayer Almutairi,
  • Asmaa Aldhafairi and
  • Murad Khan

24 June 2022

Effective security has become a vital part of our daily routine, for example securing cash, jewelry, documents, and other valuables. One way is to protect these items by keeping them in a safe box. However, current safe boxes are vulnerable to a numb...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
4,517 Views
15 Pages

A Novel Prototype for Safe Driving Using Embedded Smart Box System

  • Muhamad Irsan,
  • Rosilah Hassan,
  • Mohammad Khatim Hasan,
  • Meng Chun Lam,
  • Wan Mohd Hirwani Wan Hussain,
  • Anwar Hassan Ibrahim and
  • Amjed Sid Ahmed Mohamed Sid Ahmed

1 March 2022

Every day, vehicle accidents occur and many of them might be avoided if the drivers demonstrated excellent driving without mistakes. This paper presents a novel prototype applied in a real transportation system, particularly for buses, to avoid accid...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,020 Views
15 Pages

2 December 2024

Temperature monitoring is the main indicator to ensure the safe operation of the coal mine explosion-proof box. In this study, a three-way flameproof cable box was considered for coal mines. A three-dimensional transient temperature field simulation...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,232 Views
19 Pages

30 September 2022

With the large-scale construction of urban traffic tunnels in China, it has become common to underpass existing buildings and structures such as sewage box culverts and pipelines using the drilling-blasting method. How to analyze accurately the blast...

  • Article
  • Open Access
60 Citations
6,960 Views
11 Pages

Construction of S-Box Based on Chaotic Map and Algebraic Structures

  • Iqtadar Hussain,
  • Amir Anees,
  • Temadher Alassiry Al-Maadeed and
  • Muhammad Tahir Mustafa

8 March 2019

The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is widely used in different kinds of security applications. The substitution box (S-box) is the main component of many modern symmetric encryption ciphers that provides confusion between the secret key and ciphe...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
7,086 Views
18 Pages

Influence of Haunch Geometry and Additional Steel Reinforcement on Load Carrying Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Box Culvert

  • Hafiz Ahmed Waqas,
  • Muhammad Waseem,
  • Abdullah Riaz,
  • Muhammad Ilyas,
  • Muhammad Naveed and
  • Hermann Seitz

8 February 2023

The culverts are used to safely convey water under railways, highways, and overpasses. They are utilized in drainage areas or water channels and in areas where the bearing capacity of soil is low. The design and construction of this crucial infrastru...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
4,097 Views
13 Pages

Between 2016 and 2019, two different infant sleeping-box interventions were implemented in England: (1) shallow polypropylene baby boxes were distributed via a feasibility study to families with Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) risk factors; and (...

  • Article
  • Open Access
85 Citations
6,006 Views
15 Pages

14 October 2019

Substitution-boxes (S-Boxes) are important non-linear components in block cryptosystem, which play an important role in the security of cryptosystems. Constructing S-Boxes with a strong cryptographic feature is an important step in designing block ci...

  • Article
  • Open Access
649 Views
16 Pages

Evaluation Method for Flame-Retardant Property of Sheet Molding Compound Materials Based on Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

  • Qishuai Liang,
  • Zhongchen Xia,
  • Jiang Ye,
  • Chuan Zhou,
  • Yufeng Wu,
  • Jie Li,
  • Xuhui Cui,
  • Honglin Jian and
  • Xilin Wang

15 August 2025

The electric energy metering box serves as a crucial node in power grid operations, offering essential protection for key components in the distribution network, such as smart meters, data acquisition terminals, and circuit breakers, thereby ensuring...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,019 Views
14 Pages

Novel Low-Power Construction of Chaotic S-Box in Multilayer Perceptron

  • Runtao Ren,
  • Jinqi Su,
  • Ban Yang,
  • Raymond Y. K. Lau and
  • Qilei Liu

28 October 2022

Multilayer perceptron is composed of massive distributed neural processors interconnected. The nonlinear dynamic components in these processors expand the input data into a linear combination of synapses. However, the nonlinear mapping ability of ori...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
3,371 Views
21 Pages

10 December 2019

For spring plantings, conifer seedlings are usually packed in closed cardboard boxes and freezer stored over winter. Additionally, seedlings are increasingly being stored in cardboard boxes in spring, summer, and autumn plantings in Finland. The aim...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,603 Views
20 Pages

Can Different Fermentation Boxes Improve the Nutritional Composition and the Antioxidant Activity of Fermented and Dried Floodplain Cocoa Beans in the Brazilian Amazon?

  • Sabrina Oriana de Souza Begot da Rocha,
  • Maria do Perpétuo Socorro Progene Vilhena,
  • Jesus Nazareno Silva de Souza,
  • César R. Balcázar-Zumaeta,
  • Efraín M. Castro-Alayo,
  • Alexa J. Pajuelo-Muñoz,
  • Braian Saimon Frota da Silva,
  • Maria José de Souza Trindade,
  • Gilson C. A. Chagas-Junior and
  • Nelson Rosa Ferreira

17 April 2025

This study evaluated the impact of different fermentation boxes on the nutritional and antioxidant composition of dried lowland cocoa beans (Theobroma cacao L.), a characteristic product of some producers in the Amazon region. The analysis included a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,935 Views
18 Pages

Effects of Different Interventions Using Taekwondo, Boxing, and Elastic Band Training on Body Composition and Physical Function in Chilean Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

  • Edgar Vásquez-Carrasco,
  • Jordan Hernandez-Martinez,
  • Izham Cid-Calfucura,
  • Eduardo Guzmán-Muñoz,
  • Camila Ruiz,
  • Camila Baeza,
  • María José Márquez,
  • Tomás Herrera-Valenzuela,
  • Braulio Henrique Magnani Branco and
  • Eduardo Carmine-Peña
  • + 3 authors

30 June 2025

Background: Interventions involving Olympic combat sports, such as Taekwondo (TKD) and Boxing (BOX), represent innovative approaches for promoting health in older people. Elastic bands training (EBT), by contrast, is a safe and cost-effective method...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,837 Views
19 Pages

A New Assistance Navigation Method for Substation Inspection Robots to Safely Cross Grass Areas

  • Qiang Yang,
  • Song Ma,
  • Gexiang Zhang,
  • Kaiyi Xian,
  • Lijia Zhang and
  • Zhongyu Dai

15 November 2023

With the development of intelligent substations, inspection robots are widely used to ensure the safe and stable operation of substations. Due to the prevalence of grass around the substation in the external environment, the inspection robot will be...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
3,198 Views
17 Pages

Thermal Performance Evaluation of an Induced Draft Evaporative Cooling System through Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Interference System (ANFIS) Model and Mathematical Model

  • Jens Baetens,
  • Greet Van Eetvelde,
  • Gert Lemmens,
  • Nezmin Kayedpour,
  • Jeroen D. M. De Kooning and
  • Lieven Vandevelde

2 July 2019

The shift from fossil fuel to more renewable electricity generation will require the broader implementation of Demand Side Response (DSR) into the grid. Utility processes in industry are suited for this, having a large thermal time constant or buffer...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
4,594 Views
11 Pages

Assessment of Crash Performance of an Automotive Component Made through Additive Manufacturing

  • Alessandro Borrelli,
  • Giuseppe D’Errico,
  • Corrado Borrelli and
  • Roberto Citarella

19 December 2020

The objective of this study was to apply an innovative technique to manufacture a plastic automotive component to reduce its weight and costs, and guarantee its design was safe. A frontal impact sled test was simulated, and the damages to the occupan...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3,186 Views
22 Pages

13 November 2024

Hazardous substances such as hydrogen and chlorine are used in semiconductor manufacturing. When these gasses are discharged, they are mixed with outside air and are connected to a treatment facility through a duct inside a gas box. This study invest...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,578 Views
25 Pages

24 February 2025

In recent years, image editing models have made notable advancements and gained widespread use. However, these technologies also present significant security risks by enabling the creation of Not Safe For Work (NSFW) content. This study introduces MD...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,632 Views
20 Pages

9 January 2025

As urban areas keep growing, there are higher requirements for the carrying capacity of traffic operations, and there are more and more curve incremental launching projects with complex construction conditions. This paper builds upon the walking incr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,999 Views
17 Pages

27 May 2024

This paper demonstrates that ash composites, comprising fly ash and polyurethane, can be used to develop value-added products that exhibit an effective decrease in the leaching of coal ash inorganics to less than one-third of the Environmental Protec...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
3,678 Views
14 Pages

28 August 2019

The gradual application of deep learning in the field of computer vision and image processing has made great breakthroughs. Applications such as object detection, recognition and image semantic segmentation have been improved. In this study, to measu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,570 Views
13 Pages

Vehicle yaw stability control is an important part of the active safety of electric vehicles. In order to realize the yaw stability control of vehicles, this paper takes 4-WID electric vehicles as the research object, studies the nonlinear estimation...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,240 Views
18 Pages

Culverts fulfill the vital function of safely channeling water beneath railway tracks, highways, and overpasses. They serve various purposes, including facilitating drainage in areas such as watercourses, drainage zones, and regions with restricted g...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
1,715 Views
13 Pages

Influence of Environmental Conditions on the Electrical Parameters of Side Connectors in Glass–Glass Photovoltaic Modules

  • Krzysztof Barbusiński,
  • Paweł Kwaśnicki,
  • Anna Gronba-Chyła,
  • Agnieszka Generowicz,
  • Józef Ciuła,
  • Bartosz Szeląg,
  • Francesco Fatone,
  • Agnieszka Makara and
  • Zygmunt Kowalski

31 January 2024

This work focused on the verification of the electrical parameters and the durability of side connectors installed in glass–glass photovoltaic modules. Ensuring the safe use of photovoltaic modules is achieved, among others, by using electrical...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
2,571 Views
15 Pages

An Improved Target Network Model for Rail Surface Defect Detection

  • Ye Zhang,
  • Tianshi Feng,
  • Yating Song,
  • Yuhang Shi and
  • Guoqiang Cai

24 July 2024

Rail surface defects typically serve as early indicators of railway malfunctions, which may compromise the quality and corrosion resistance of rails, thereby endangering the safe operation of trains. The timely detection of defects is essential to en...

  • Abstract
  • Open Access
398 Views
4 Pages

This study presents an improved UAV-based structure inspection method that integrates advanced 3D modeling and optimized path planning with obstacle avoidance. The system uses Meshroom, an open-source software, to combine multiple sets of 3D point cl...

  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
2,856 Views
15 Pages

6 February 2023

With the proposed goal of “Carbon Neutrality”, photovoltaic energy is gradually gaining the leading role in energy transformation. At present, crystalline silicon cells are still the mainstream technology in the photovoltaic industry, but...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
2,385 Views
19 Pages

Automatic detection of safety helmet wearing is significant in ensuring safe production. However, the accuracy of safety helmet detection can be challenged by various factors, such as complex environments, poor lighting conditions and small-sized tar...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,159 Views
14 Pages

30 January 2024

As an important part of the power system, it is necessary to ensure the safe and stable operation of transmission lines. Due to long-term exposure to the outdoors, the lines face many insecurity factors, and foreign object intrusion is one of them. T...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,144 Views
20 Pages

Study on Dynamic Response and Anti-Collision Measures of Aqueduct Structure Under Vehicle Impact

  • Jiaze Shi,
  • Rui Wen,
  • Li Chen,
  • Yao Zhou,
  • Lei Duan and
  • Weiqiang Wang

In recent years, the number of incidents involving aqueduct damage due to vehicle impact has steadily increased, significantly affecting the safe operation of water transfer projects. To investigate the dynamic response characteristics of aqueduct st...

  • Article
  • Open Access
545 Views
18 Pages

Vibration Characteristics and Fatigue Performance of Bogie Frame with Inner Axle Box for High-Speed Trains

  • Tao Guo,
  • Bingzhi Chen,
  • Yuedong Wang,
  • Guojie Cai,
  • Maorui Hou and
  • Qi Dong

14 November 2025

With the continuous increase in high-speed train operation speeds, lightweight bogie design has become a key means to enhance dynamic performance, which also increases the risk of structural fatigue. High-frequency wheel–rail excitations are tr...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,297 Views
11 Pages

30 December 2022

Using honeysuckle as raw material, chlorogenic acid (CGA) was extracted with different alcohols. Based on the single-factor experiment design, the relationship between each parameter and the response value was explored by Box–Behnken method to...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
4,446 Views
14 Pages

With the extensive coverage of the rail transit system, ensuring the safe operation of rail vehicles is an important prerequisite. Insufficient lubrication will cause friction and wear of axle box bearings, which is directly related to ensured safety...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,888 Views
11 Pages

7 June 2023

For object detection, capturing the scale of uncertainty is as important as accurate localization. Without understanding uncertainties, self-driving vehicles cannot plan a safe path. Many studies have focused on improving object detection, but relati...

  • Article
  • Open Access
118 Citations
12,873 Views
23 Pages

Insulator-Defect Detection Algorithm Based on Improved YOLOv7

  • Jianfeng Zheng,
  • Hang Wu,
  • Han Zhang,
  • Zhaoqi Wang and
  • Weiyue Xu

14 November 2022

Existing detection methods face a huge challenge in identifying insulators with minor defects when targeting transmission line images with complex backgrounds. To ensure the safe operation of transmission lines, an improved YOLOv7 model is proposed t...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
669 Views
9 Pages

Multi-Class Road Marker Detection on Rainy Days Using Deep Learning Approach

  • Muhammad Syazwan Bin Mohd Yusof and
  • Hadhrami Ab Ghani

20 February 2025

Lane detection is a critical component of autonomous driving assistance systems (ADASs), playing a pivotal role in ensuring road safety and orderly vehicle movement. In regions like Southeast Asia, characterized by high rainfall, the challenge of det...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
5,112 Views
11 Pages

11 October 2021

Today, a lot of research on autonomous driving technology is being conducted, and various vehicles with autonomous driving functions, such as ACC (adaptive cruise control) are being released. The autonomous vehicle recognizes obstacles ahead by the f...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,671 Views
21 Pages

19 December 2019

One of the main tasks of the Power System Operators is to ensure a proper, safe, and trouble-free operation and development of power grids. Growth of power system is inseparably linked to a connection of both renewable and classical new energy source...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
2,387 Views
27 Pages

11 September 2023

Geotechnical engineering relies heavily on predicting soil strength to ensure safe and efficient construction projects. This paper presents a study on the accurate prediction of soil strength properties, focusing on hydrated-lime activated rice husk...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
2,652 Views
12 Pages

Box–Behnken Design for Assessing the Efficiency of Aflatoxin M1 Detoxification in Milk Using Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae

  • Mounir M. Salem-Bekhit,
  • Omnia Karem M. Riad,
  • Heba Mohammed Refat M. Selim,
  • Sally Tohamy Kamal Tohamy,
  • Ehab I. Taha,
  • Saleh A. Al-Suwayeh and
  • Gamal A. Shazly

31 July 2023

Milk contaminated with aflatoxin can lead to liver cancer. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a serious animal feed contaminant, is transformed into Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) and secreted in milk. In this study, a biological method using probiotic bacteria, Lactobacillu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
40 Citations
5,557 Views
16 Pages

22 January 2020

In this paper, we propose an image encryption algorithm based on four-dimensional chaotic system to generate key and improve advanced encryption standard. The encryption algorithm is optimized by using the pipeline and parallel computing features of...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,818 Views
9 Pages

TEM Investigation of Asymmetric Deposition-Driven Crystalline-to-Amorphous Transition in Silicon Nanowires

  • Yuan Zang,
  • Lianbi Li,
  • Jichao Hu,
  • Lei Li,
  • Zelong Li,
  • Zebin Li,
  • Song Feng,
  • Guoqing Zhang,
  • Caijuan Xia and
  • Hongbin Pu

12 October 2022

Controlling the shape and internal strain of nanowires (NWs) is critical for their safe and reliable use and for the exploration of novel functionalities of nanodevices. In this work, transmission electron microscopy was employed to examine bent Si N...

  • Article
  • Open Access
36 Citations
8,028 Views
18 Pages

15 September 2014

This study describes the extraction, preliminary characterization and evaluation of the in vitro antitumor and antioxidant activities of polysaccharides extracted from Mentha piperita (MPP). The optimal parameters for the extraction of MPP were obtai...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
905 Views
7 Pages

1 December 2015

Background: In patients with advanced-stage endometrial carcinoma (eca), extended-field radiotherapy (efrt) is traditionally delivered by the 3-dimensional conformal (3d-crt) 4-field box technique. In recent years, the use of intensity-modulated radi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,500 Views
19 Pages

29 January 2025

Vaccination cold chains depend critically on maintaining temperatures within the 2–8 °C range, with phase-change materials (PCMs) like n-tetradecane offering substantial potential due to their high latent heat and optimal melting characteri...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
753 Views
21 Pages

21 April 2025

Accurate detection and timely management of high-voltage transmission accessories are crucial for ensuring the safe operation of power transmission. Existing network models suffer from issues like low precision in accessory detection, elevated model...

  • Review
  • Open Access
25 Citations
8,825 Views
20 Pages

9 July 2021

Aberrant activation of the oncogenic Wnt signaling pathway is a hallmark of numerous types of cancer. However, in many cases, it is unclear how a chronically high Wnt signaling tone is maintained in the absence of activating pathway mutations. Forkhe...

  • Article
  • Open Access
77 Citations
20,821 Views
19 Pages

9 May 2020

Human following is one of the fundamental functions in human–robot interaction for mobile robots. This paper shows a novel framework with state-machine control in which the robot tracks the target person in occlusion and illumination changes, a...

  • Essay
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,449 Views
12 Pages

The institution of slavery engineered racialized gendered capitalism that locks Black women in multiple social identity-labeled boxes on the sociocultural and economic hierarchy. Acts of cultural invasion have produced controlling images and oppressi...

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