Short tandem repeats (STRs) are units of 1–6 base pairs that occur in tandem repetition to form a repeat tract. STRs exhibit repeat instability, which generates expansions or contractions of the repeat tract. Over 50 diseases, primarily affecti...
“Strike Hard” is an enhanced law-enforcement strategy in China that aims to suppress crime, but measurement of the crime-reducing effect and potential changes in the spatiotemporal concentration of crime associated with “Strike Hard...
A hexanucleotide repeat expansion in C9ORF72 is the most common genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Bidirectional transcription of the repeat expansion generates sense and antisense RNAs that are tr...
Recurrence of liver cancers after liver resection (LR), such as recurrences of hepatocellular carcinoma and colorectal liver metastases, is often treated with repeat LR (RLR) as the only curative treatment. However, RLR is associated with an increase...
Tandem repeats (TRs) are important components of eukaryotic genomes; they have both structural and functional roles: (i) they form essential chromosome structures such as centromeres and telomeres; (ii) they modify chromatin structure and affect tran...
Among types of trinucleotide repeats, there is some disproportion in the frequency of their occurrence in the human exome. This research presents new data describing the folding and thermodynamic stability of short, tandem RNA repeats of 23 types, fo...
The number of neurodegenerative diseases resulting from repeat expansion has increased extraordinarily in recent years. In several of these pathologies, the repeat can be transcribed in RNA from both DNA strands producing, at least, one toxic RNA rep...
The repeat expansions are the main genetic cause of various neurodegeneration diseases. More than ten kinds of repeat sequences with different lengths, locations, and structures have been confirmed in the past two decades. G-rich repeat sequences, su...
Despite intensive investigation for decades, the principle of higher-order organization of mitotic chromosomes is unclear. Here, I describe a novel model that emphasizes a critical role of interactions of homologous DNA repeats (repetitive elements;...
Eukaryotic genomes are rich in repetitive DNA sequences grouped in two classes regarding their genomic organization: tandem repeats and dispersed repeats. In tandem repeats, copies of a short DNA sequence are positioned one after another within the g...
Among the realm of repeat containing proteins that commonly serve as “scaffolds” promoting protein-protein interactions, there is a family of proteins containing between 2 and 20 tetratricopeptide repeats (TPRs), which are functional moti...
A dynamic mutation in exon 1 of the FMR1 gene causes Fragile X-related Disorders (FXDs), due to the expansion of an unstable CGG repeat sequence. Based on the CGG sequence size, two types of FMR1 alleles are possible: “premutation” (PM, w...
The convergent synthesis of the Lewis A (Lea) tandem repeat is described. The Lea tandem repeat is a carbohydrate ligand for a mannose binding protein that shows potent inhibitory activity against carcinoma growth. The Lea unit, {β-d-Gal-(1→3)-[α-l-F...
The evidence that burglaries cluster spatio-temporally is strong. However, research is unclear on whether clustered burglaries (repeats/near-repeats) should be treated as qualitatively different crimes compared to spatio-temporally unrelated burglari...
Intrinsically disordered proteins and proteins with intrinsically disordered regions have been shown to be highly prevalent in disease. Furthermore, disease-causing expansions of the regions containing tandem amino acid repeats often push repetitive...
Bioinformatic and molecular characterization of satellite repeats was performed to understand the impact of their diversification on Vaccinium genome evolution. Satellite repeat diversity was evaluated in four cultivated and wild species, including t...
In recent years, drone-based Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) systems have emerged as flexible and cost-efficient solutions for detecting changes in the Earth’s surface, retrieving topographic data, or detecting ground displacement processes in l...
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a common immune-mediated disorder of the central nervous system that affects young adults and is characterized by demyelination and neurodegeneration. Recent studies have associated C9orf72 intermediate repeat expansions wi...
Repeat expansion diseases are a group of more than 40 disorders that affect mainly the nervous and/or muscular system and include myotonic dystrophies, Huntington’s disease, and fragile X syndrome. The mutation-driven expanded repeat tract occu...
Dehydrins (Dhns) are a group of intrinsically disordered land plant proteins that are closely associated with tolerance of dehydrative stress. Dhns are recognized and classified by the presence and sequence of five different conserved segments, varyi...
Genetic prion disease accounts for 10–15% of prion disease. While insertion of four or more octapeptide repeats are clearly pathogenic, smaller repeat insertions have an unclear pathogenicity. The goal of this case series was to provide an insight in...
The non-coding GGGGCC hexanucleotide repeat expansion (HRE) in C9orf72 gene is a dominant cause of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). This intronic mutation elicits the formation of nuclear and cytoplasmic inclusio...
The pentapeptide repeat protein (PRP) superfamily, identified in 1998, has grown to nearly 39,000 sequences from over 3300 species. PRPs, recognized as having at least eight contiguous pentapeptide repeats (PRs) of a consensus pentapeptide sequence,...
Fragile X-related disorders (FXDs), also known as FMR1 disorders, are examples of repeat expansion diseases (REDs), clinical conditions that arise from an increase in the number of repeats in a disease-specific microsatellite. In the case of FXDs, th...
Fragile X, Huntington disease, and myotonic dystrophy type 1 are prototypical examples of human disorders caused by short tandem repeat variation, repetitive nucleotide stretches that are highly mutable both in the germline and somatic tissue. As sho...
In this paper, an index-coded Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) is studied in the perspectives of transmission efficiency and memory overhead. Motivated by reducing significant computational complexity from huge matrix inverse computation of random line...
Tricopeptide repeats are common in natural proteins, and are exemplified by 34- and 35-residue repeats, known respectively as tetratricopeptide repeats (TPRs) and pentatricopeptide repeats (PPRs). In both classes, each repeat unit forms an antiparall...
Trinucleotide repeat expansion disorders, a diverse group of neurodegenerative diseases, are caused by abnormal expansions within specific genes. These expansions trigger a cascade of cellular damage, including protein aggregation and abnormal RNA bi...
The bacterial genome contains numerous repeated sequences that greatly affect its genomic plasticity. The Escherichia coli K-12 genome contains three copies of the TRIP1 repeat sequence (TRIP1a, TRIP1b, and TRIP1c). However, the diversity, distributi...
Spinocerebellar ataxia 3 (SCA3) is a neurodegenerative condition caused by an expansion of a polyglutamine tract within the ATXN3 gene. Normal alleles range from 12 to 44 repeats, while pathogenic alleles have 52 repeats or more. The canonical ATXN3...
Although effective, a portion of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) patients will suffer residual myopia or relapse to myopic regression. This retrospective, non-randomized, comparative study, aimed to compare the efficacy of primary PRK versus PRK pe...
The Fragile X-related disorders (FXDs) are a group of clinical conditions resulting from the expansion of a CGG/CCG-repeat tract in exon 1 of the Fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene. While expansions of the repeat tract predominate, contractio...
Near-repeat crime refers to a pattern whereby one crime event is soon followed by a similar crime event at a nearby location. Existing research on near-repeat crime patterns is inconclusive about where near-repeat patterns emerge and which physical a...
Cows can have difficulties becoming pregnant, and in certain cases, these reproductive failures do not have an evident cause. Furthermore, when these failures are repeated three or more times with estrous cycles of normal duration and in the absence...
Nuclear bodies are membraneless, phase-separated compartments that concentrate specific proteins and RNAs in the nucleus. They are believed to serve as sites for the modification, sequestration, and storage of specific factors, and to act as organiza...
GGC repeat expansions in the 5’ untranslated region (5’UTR) of the Notch Homolog 2 N-terminal-like C gene (NOTCH2NLC) have been reported to be the genetic cause of neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID). However, whether they exis...
The characteristic of the satellite repeat shift time can reflect the status of the satellite operation, and is also one of the key factors of the sidereal filtering multipath correction. Although some methods have been developed to calculate the rep...
Repeat photography, the process of locating the camera position of an old photo and taking a new photo from this position, is utilized to protect our natural heritage, by measuring landscape changes between old and new image, and to conserve and reco...
While whole-genome sequencing (WGS) using short-read technology has become a standard diagnostic test, this technology has limitations in analyzing certain genomic regions, particularly short tandem repeats (STRs). These repetitive sequences are asso...
Repeat expansion cerebellar ataxias comprise a genetically and mechanistically heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders unified by the pathological expansion of short tandem repeats (STRs) beyond a disease-causing threshold. Depending on th...
Designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPins) are engineered proteins comprising consensus designed ankyrin repeats as scaffold. Tightly packed repeats form a continuous hydrophobic core and a large groove-like solvent-accessible surface that creates a...
Human genomic DNA contains a number of diverse repetitive sequence motifs, often identified as fragile sites leading to genetic instability. Among them, expansion events occurring at triplet repeats have been extensively studied due to their associat...
Amyloids are fibrillar protein aggregates with a cross-β structure. More than two hundred different proteins with amyloid or amyloid-like properties are already known. Functional amyloids with conservative amyloidogenic regions were found in dif...
Sidereal filtering is an effective method for mitigating multipath error in static GPS positioning. Using accurate estimates of multipath repeat time (MRT) in sidereal filtering can further improve the performance of the filter. There are three commo...
Friedreich’s ataxia (FRDA) is a comparatively rare autosomal recessive neurological disorder primarily caused by the homozygous expansion of a GAA trinucleotide repeat in intron 1 of the FXN gene. The repeat expansion causes gene silencing that resul...
Canine Lafora disease is a recessively inherited, rapidly progressing neurodegenerative disease caused by the accumulation of abnormally constructed insoluble glycogen Lafora bodies in the brain and other tissues due to the loss of NHL repeat contain...
Ankyrin repeat (AR) domains are considered the most abundant repeat motif found in eukaryotic proteins. AR domains are predominantly known to mediate specific protein–protein interactions (PPIs) without necessarily recognizing specific primary...
Short interrupted repeat cassette (SIRC)—a novel DNA element found throughout the A. thaliana nuclear genome. SIRCs are represented by short direct repeats interrupted by diverse DNA sequences. The maxima of SIRC’s distribution are locate...
Visual teach and repeat navigation (VT&R) is popular in robotics thanks to its simplicity and versatility. It enables mobile robots equipped with a camera to traverse learned paths without the need to create globally consistent metric maps. Altho...
The Wnt signalling pathway plays an important role in cell proliferation, differentiation, and fate decisions in embryonic development and the maintenance of adult tissues. The twelve armadillo (ARM) repeat-containing protein β-catenin acts as the si...
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