The increasing availability and use of sensitive personal data raises a set of issues regarding the privacy of the individuals behind the data. These concerns become even more important when health data are processed, as are considered sensitive (acc...
Machine Learning models, more specifically Artificial Neural Networks, are transforming medical imaging by enabling precise liver segmentation, a crucial task for diagnosing and treating liver diseases. However, these models often face challenges in...
Conjunctive queries play a key role in retrieving data from a database. In a database, a query containing many conditions in its predicate, connected by an “and/&/∧” operator, is called a conjunctive query. Retrieving the outcome of a conjunctive...
Research and development are facilitated by sharing knowledge bases, and the innovation process benefits from collaborative efforts that involve the collective utilization of data. Until now, most companies and organizations have produced and collect...
In this study, a new data-sharing method is proposed that uses a private InterPlanetary File System—a decentralized storage system operated within a closed network—to distribute data to external entities while making its authenticity veri...
The rapid growth of sensitive labeled data in healthcare, finance, user profiling, and commercial databases has created increasing demand for privacy-preserving collaborative data validation across different organizations. Following prior cryptograph...
Medical data sharing is pivotal in enhancing accessibility and collaboration among healthcare providers, researchers, and institutions, ultimately leading to enhanced patient outcomes and more efficient healthcare delivery. However, due to the sensit...
25 September 2021
This paper explores the use of Private Aggregation of Teacher Ensembles (PATE) in a setting where students have their own private data that cannot be revealed as is to the ensemble. We propose a privacy model that introduces a local differentially pr...
Background: Menstrual and menopausal complaints are highly prevalent among women in Germany. Pharmacological options include hormonal contraceptives, menopausal hormone therapy and herbal medicinal products (HMPs). However, real-world data on the pre...
This short communication synthesizes evidence on how the Ice, Cloud and Land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2) altimetry data are used by private sector actors and the implications for economic value creation. Using secondary research that collected a...
The ubiquity of GPS-enabled devices has resulted in an abundance of data about individual trajectories. Releasing trajectories enables a range of data analysis tasks, such as urban planning, but it also poses a risk in compromising individual locatio...
This study sheds new light on the relationship between monetary policy and private investment using Vietnam’s provincial data and a system generalized method of moment (GMM) framework. To capture monetary policy’s effect, different indica...
Large language models (LLMs) require a significant redesign in solutions to preserve privacy in data-intensive applications due to their text-generation capabilities. Indeed, LLMs tend to memorize and emit private information when maliciously prompte...
We present a differentially private extension of the block coordinate descent algorithm by means of objective perturbation. The algorithm iteratively performs linear regression in a federated setting on vertically partitioned data. In addition to a p...
The concept of blockchain was introduced as the Bitcoin cryptocurrency in a 2008 whitepaper by the mysterious Satoshi Nakamoto. Blockchain has applications in many domains, such as healthcare, the Internet of Things (IoT), and data management. Data m...
Private cloud object stores provide infrastructure isolation but leave application-layer data exposed to insider threats and compromised credentials. This paper presents an engineering integration of an Add-Rotate-XOR (ARX) block cipher and multi-bit...
The importance of energy security for the successful functioning of private companies, national economies, and the overall society cannot be underestimated. Energy is a critical infrastructure for any modern society, and its reliable functioning is e...
2 April 2012
Approximately 3% of employees are absent from work due to illness daily in Europe, while in some countries sickness absence exceeds 20 days per year. Based on a limited body of reliable studies, Greek employees in the private sector seem to be absent...
Passenger transportation in Japan’s main metropolitan areas is operated by the JR companies, which were privatized and divested from Japan National Railways (JNR) in 1987 and by 16 major private railway companies with large-scale operations. Al...
This paper presents a comprehensive methodology to forecast the daily energy demand associated with recharging private electric vehicles in urban areas. The approach is based on plausible scenarios regarding the penetration of battery-powered vehicle...
Privacy regulations and the physical distribution of heterogeneous data are often primary concerns for the development of deep learning models in a medical context. This paper evaluates the feasibility of differentially private federated learning for...
The purpose of this paper is to analyse the cybersecurity in online travel agencies (OTAs) and hotel sectors to protect users’ private data in smart cities. Methodologically, this research uses a sample of information about cyberattacks that oc...
The complexity of contemporary supply chains and the rise in foodborne illness cases have made ensuring food safety and traceability a top responsibility on a worldwide scale. Traditional traceability systems are prone to data tampering, fragmentatio...
The increased focus on energy efficiency, both at the national and international levels, has fostered the diffusion and development of specific energy consumption benchmarks for most relevant economic sectors. In this context, energy-intensive facili...
Exchanging gradient is a widely used method in modern multinode machine learning system (e.g., distributed training, Federated Learning). Gradients and weights of model has been presumed to be safe to delivery. However, some studies have shown that g...
Within fierce market competition, economic integration acceleration, information technology development, customer demands that are more complex than ever before and product life cycle acceleration have greatly increased the complexity and uncertainty...
In Lithuania, as in other analyzed countries, greatest attention is concentrated on the protection and monitoring of state forests, while the situation in the private forest sector is quite unclear and uncertain. In most European countries, as well a...
Gradient-boosted trees outperform neural networks on tabular data without privacy, often taken to imply that differentially private federated learning should be based on boosting. We revisit this implication under matched accounting—a single pr...
In some landscapes, effective conservation of wildlife habitat requires extending beyond the boundaries of reserves and addressing stewardship of private lands. This approach could be especially valuable for the conservation of farm ponds, which are...
Automatic vehicle identification (AVI) systems collect 24 h vehicle travel data for the efficient management of traffic flows. The automatic vehicle identification data collected by an overhead traffic monitoring system provides a means for understan...
The realization of the “double carbon” goals and the development of green transportation require a focused approach to reducing carbon emissions from private cars. Starting from the perspective of social network analysis, this paper const...
This study shows the significant features predicting graduates’ job levels, particularly high-level positions. Moreover, it shows that data science methodologies can accurately predict graduate outcomes. The dataset used to analyze graduate out...
With the growing awareness regarding the importance of personal data protection, many countries have established laws and regulations to ensure data privacy and are supervising managements to comply with them. Although various studies have suggested...
1 January 2018
The interest towards the concept of open data has increased during the last ten years, as governments and municipalities have decided to open their data repositories. This has led to a new generation of mobile apps, which utilize this data to improve...
Charging behavior is essential to understanding the real performance and evaluating the sustainability of battery electric vehicle (BEV) development and providing the basis for optimal infrastructure deployment. However, it is very hard to obtain the...
Analyzing and investigating the impact of implementing an environmental policy mix on carbon emission from private cars and social welfare holds significant reference value. Firstly, based on vehicle trajectory big data, this paper employs reverse ge...
14 August 2020
Objective: To evaluate the relationship between the ownership structure of hospitals and the possibility of their being positioned on the frontier of technical efficiency in the economic crisis period 2010–2012, adjusting for hospital variables...
The exponential growth of e-commerce and advancements in financial technology have escalated credit card fraud into a major threat, resulting in billions of dollars in global losses annually. This necessitates the development of sophisticated fraud d...
Increasingly, malicious Android apps use various methods to steal private user data without their knowledge. Detecting the leakage of private data is the focus of mobile information security. An initial investigation found that none of the existing s...
Heterogeneous client distributions and differential-privacy noise can slow learning. This study proposes time-varying privacy-scheduled differentially private federated learning (TVP-DPFL), combining a public Gaussian multiplier schedule, bounded rel...
1 May 2014
Although the principle of transparency and openness is not new, recent years have brought increased attention to the need for greater government and private sector accountability driven mostly by the open government, smart disclosure and open data mo...
Data on the daily activity of private cars form the basis of many studies in the field of transportation engineering. In the past, in order to obtain such data, a large number of collection techniques based on travel diaries and driver interviews wer...
The hybrid cloud is a secure alternative for enterprises to exploit the benefits of cloud computing to overcome the privacy and security concerns of data in IoT networks. However, in hybrid cloud IoT, sensitive items such as keys in the private cloud...
Achieving the decarbonization of the building stock by 2050 requires not only technological innovation but also strategies capable of addressing energy poverty, which threatens to exclude millions of households from a fair transition. Measuring this...
20 December 2019
Objective: With the participation of private hospitals in the health system, improving hospital efficiency becomes more important. This study aimed to evaluate the technical efficiency of public and private hospitals in Beijing, China, and analyze th...
High-spatial-resolution soil data collected on behalf of the private sector (e.g., farmers) represents a largely untapped resource for EU soil monitoring initiatives. Georeferenced soil samples also raise privacy issues since sampling locations can b...
In the field of public service data integration, government agencies are responsible for consolidating data from various industries and establishing big data platforms. Some achievements have been made in this direction, but there are still some issu...
Many studies have been undertaken to determine whether waste collection services are provided more efficiently by private or by public management. To date, however, the findings reported are inconclusive, partly due to the need to evaluate this quest...
This article looks at how charity organizations running private residential child care institutions on the Kenyan coast make use of the personal data of children in their care, as a means of securing and maintaining the support of donors from the glo...
Preserving the utility of published datasets while simultaneously providing provable privacy guarantees is a well-known challenge. On the one hand, context-free privacy solutions, such as differential privacy, provide strong privacy guarantees, but o...
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