Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are vulnerable to computer viruses. To protect WSNs from virus attack, the virus library associated with each sensor node must be updated in a timely way. This article is devoted to developing energy-efficient patching...
Climate change is increasing the frequency and extent of high-severity disturbance, with potential to alter vegetation community composition and structure in environments sensitive to tipping points between alternative states. Shrub species display a...
Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been widely used in change detection of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images and have been proven to have better precision than traditional methods. A two-stage patch-based deep learning method with a label...
Various retinal vessel segmentation methods based on convolutional neural networks were proposed recently, and Dense U-net as a new semantic segmentation network was successfully applied to scene segmentation. Retinal vessel is tiny, and the features...
Dengue fever has been a threat to public health not only in tropical regions but non-tropical regions due to recent climate change. Motivated by a recent dengue outbreak in Japan, we develop a two-patch model for dengue transmission associated with t...
Hyperspectral images (HSIs) are characterized by hundreds of spectral bands. The goal of HSI is to associate the pixel with a corresponding category label by analyzing subtle differences in the spectrum. Due to their excellent local context modeling...
Soil nutrients and water are often distributed heterogeneously in space, yet how plant roots forage in response to such heterogeneity and how their strategies relate to functional traits remain poorly understood. Here, we conducted an indoor pot expe...
Large-scale crop mapping is of fundamental importance to tackle food security problems. SAR remote sensing has lately received great attention for crop type mapping due to its stability in the revisit cycle and is not hindered by cloud cover. However...
In recent years, barefoot footprint recognition has become increasingly important in criminal investigations. However, the high complexity and diverse features of footprint images pose challenges to traditional methods and CNNs due to their limited l...
Real-time processing of high-resolution sonar images is of great significance for the autonomy and intelligence of autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) in complex marine environments. In this paper, we propose a real-time semantic segmentation network...
Accurate carbon price forecasting is critical for trading decisions, risk management and policy formulation in carbon markets. However, mainstream decomposition-ensemble models suffer from two key drawbacks: point-wise modeling fails to capture long-...
Migration or dispersal of population plays an important role in disease transmission during an outbreak. In this work, we have proposed an SIRS compartmental epidemic model in order to analyze the system dynamics in a two-patch environment. Both the...
Background: Numerous experimental studies aim to improve outcomes of peripheral nerve repair following trauma. This study evaluates the efficacy of the human epineural patch (hEP) compared to the human amniotic membrane (hAM) in promoting nerve regen...
Background: Arthroscopic revision rotator cuff repair (ARRCR) is challenging. Biologic strategies seem to be promising. The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of the combination of microfractures of the greater tuberosity, augmentation with collag...
In the task of person re-identification (re-ID), capturing the long-range dependency of instances is crucial for accurate identification. The existing methods excel at extracting local features but often overlook the global information of instance im...
We present a saliency-based patch sampling strategy for recognizing artistic media from artwork images using a deep media recognition model, which is composed of several deep convolutional neural network-based recognition modules. The decisions from...
Heterogeneity is widespread in natural environments; as a result, connected clonal ramets often live in areas characterized by patches of different resources. Specifically, clonal plants are frequently affected by conditions of heterogeneous water st...
A two-patch epidemic model is considered in order to assess the impact of virtual dispersal on disease transmission dynamics. The two-patch system models the movement of individuals between the two-patches using a residence-time matrix P, where P dep...
In recent years, the rapid development of artificial intelligence has promoted the widespread application of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in neuroimaging analysis. Although three-dimensional (3D) CNNs can utilize the spatial information in 3D...
This study modelled the potential biodiversity benefits and the opportunity costs of a patch-clear-cutting strategy over a clear-cutting strategy for Pinus radiata in New Zealand. Patch-clear cutting is a special case of clear cutting involving the r...
Landscape connectivity can largely affect the level of biodiversity and it is a key concern in conservation planning. Considering that protected areas (PAs) may become functionally isolated “islands” under rapid land-use change, there is...
Development has fragmented urban nature, and target sites for conservation strategies need to be those that have long maintained their original land cover in a clustered area. Additionally, continuously grasping changes from rural to urban as well as...
Patch-based image inpainting methods iteratively fill the missing region via searching the best sample patch from the source region. However, most of the existing approaches basically use the fixed size of patch regardless of content features nearby,...
Discontinuous fiber-reinforced polymers (DiCoFRP) in combination with local continuous fiber reinforced polymers (CoFRP) provide both a high design freedom and high weight-specific mechanical properties. For the optimization of CoFRP patches on compl...
Electrical radiation pattern reconfiguration for textile antennas using diode-based bias circuits is challenging, as most textile materials cannot withstand high soldering temperatures. Metallic snap buttons, widely used in garment manufacturing, can...
Mangrove wetlands are naturally divided into habitat patches by tidal creeks, with patch edges highly vulnerable to human activities and biological invasions, making them critical areas for mangrove degradation. Understanding the geometrical characte...
Grassland ecosystems play a crucial role in sustaining the stability of global ecosystem functions. However, the plant communities of grasslands exhibit spatially heterogeneous stability patterns such as vegetation patches influenced by human disturb...
Deep learning-based algorithms for single object tracking (SOT) have shown impressive performance but remain susceptible to adversarial patch attacks. However, existing adversarial patch generation methods primarily focus on generating patches within...
Data augmentation (DA) is an effective way to enrich the richness of data and improve a model’s generalization ability. It has been widely used in many advanced vision tasks (e.g., classification, recognition, etc.), while it can hardly be seen...
Recently, there has been an increasing concern about the vulnerability of infrared object detectors to adversarial attacks, where the object detector can be easily spoofed by adversarial samples with aggressive patches. Existing attacks employ light...
The additive Gaussian white noise (AGWN) level in real-life images is usually unknown, for which the empirical setting will make the denoising methods over-smooth fine structures or remove noise incompletely. The previous noise level estimation metho...
By performing a high-resolution spatial-genetic analysis of a partially clonal Salvia brachyodon population, we elucidated its clonal architecture and seedling recruitment strategy. The sampling of the entire population was based on a 1 × 1 m g...
This work introduces a new mathematical model designed to describe the glucose–insulin dynamics associated with a glucose-responsive smart microneedle patch reported in the literature. The model captures the complete sequence of the patch behav...
Dried droplet imaging has become an established approach for analyzing complex fluid systems as evaporation patterns preserve physicochemical and structural information. However, spatial variability of these patterns limits the effectiveness of conve...
Despite the remarkable success of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) in Remote Sensing Image (RSI) object detection, they remain vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Numerous adversarial attack methods have been proposed for RSI; however, adding a single larg...
Habitat loss and fragmentation are two main threats to biodiversity. Forest landscape connectivity can directly affect many ecological processes, such as plant seed dispersal and animal migration, and is an important framework for determining strateg...
Bare sand patches are extensively distributed in dryland ecosystems, and their spatiotemporal evolution provides critical insights into regional eco-environmental changes. The Mu Us Sandy Land, a typical dryland region, exemplifies a distinctive mosa...
In this study, nonlinear Lamb wave-based higher harmonic detection is employed to assess the tensile-induced microdamage in patch-repaired carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) structures. With respect to the external repair design optimization mode...
Habitat fragmentation is often assumed to negatively impact species diversity because smaller, more isolated populations on smaller habitat patches are at a higher extinction risk. However, some empirical and theoretical studies suggest that landscap...
Metric-based meta-learning methods have demonstrated remarkable success in the domain of few-shot image classification. However, their performance is significantly contingent upon the choice of metric and the feature representation for the support cl...
Differently from the posterior, the anterior dural tears associated with spinal fractures are rarely reported and debated. We document our experience with a coating technique for repairing ventral dural lacerations, providing an associated literature...
Adversarial patch attacks have emerged as a powerful and practical threat to machine learning models in vision-based tasks. Unlike traditional perturbation-based adversarial attacks, which often require imperceptible changes to the entire input, patc...
Data pre-processing for developing a generalised land use and land cover (LULC) deep learning model using earth observation data is important for the classification of a different date and/or sensor. However, it is unclear how to approach deep learni...
Due to the explosive growth of software quantity and the mixed ability of software developers, a large number of software defects emerge during the later stages of software maintenance. The search method based on genetic programming is one of the mos...
Shrub patches have an impact on soil fertility and vegetation, influencing species composition and diversity. The unique context of the Eastern Qilian Mountains provides insights into alpine ecosystems’ responses to environmental challenges. Th...
Transdermal drug delivery offers a promising alternative for administering medications like ibuprofen, known for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties, with reduced gastrointestinal side effects compared to oral administration. This study ex...
The rapid expansion of avocado cultivation in Michoacán, Mexico, is one of the drivers of deforestation. We assessed the degree of fragmentation and functional connectivity of the remaining temperate forest within the Avocado Belt and prioriti...
Few ecological studies have explored landscape suitability using the gradient concept of landscape structure for wildlife species. Identification of conditions influencing the landscape ecology of endangered species allows for development of more rob...
Recently, the transformer model has progressed from the field of visual classification to target tracking. Its primary method replaces the cross-correlation operation in the Siamese tracker. The backbone of the network is still a convolutional neural...
Built-up land in floodplains (BLF) is a driver and a disaster-bearing body of flood risk from a socio-hydrological perspective. The relationship between BLF growth and flood vulnerability is the key to understanding and managing flood risk. However,...
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