1,224 Results Found

Polypharmacy, the use of multiple and potentially inappropriate medications, is an increasing problem among older adults. The global polypharmacy prevalence is 34.6% in patients with COVID-19, and polypharmacy in COVID-19 increases with age. The pres...

Relative risk reduction and absolute risk reduction measures in the evaluation of clinical trial data are poorly understood by health professionals and the public. The absence of reported absolute risk reduction in COVID-19 vaccine clinical trials ca...

There is a growing interest in the collection and use of patient reported outcomes because they not only provide clinicians with crucial information, but can also be used for economic evaluation and enable public health decisions. During the collecti...

Selective outcome-reporting bias refers to the selective reporting of a subset of study findings. This methodological limitation may occur in cancer-related acupuncture studies, where valid empirical studies on psychometric performance are still lack...

To inform strategies to improve the dietary intakes of populations, robust evaluations of interventions are required. This paper is drawn from a workshop held at the International Society of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 2017 Annual Meet...

Cancer patients’ return-to-work rates in Japan and their methodological quality have been little reported. We conducted a systematic review to explore the recent return-to-work rates and to assess the methodological quality of the existing lite...

The present study examined data from a randomized controlled trial exploring whether behavioral weight loss treatment was associated with changes in internalized weight bias. The relationship between internalized weight bias and psychological functio...

Background: Despite extensive literature regarding laboratory-based balance perturbations, there is no up-to-date systematic review of methods. This systematic review aimed to assess current perturbation methods and outcome variables used to report p...

Background/Objectives: Endovascular treatment (EVT) is recommended for acute ischemic stroke due to large-vessel occlusion (LVO) and an Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) ≥ 6. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have recently become a...

Machine learning (ML) is being increasingly employed in dental research and application. We aimed to systematically compile studies using ML in dentistry and assess their methodological quality, including the risk of bias and reporting standards. We...

In this review, the author discusses several of the weak spots in contemporary science, including scientific misconduct, the problems of post hoc hypothesizing (HARKing), outcome switching, theoretical bloopers in formulating research questions and h...

Background/Objectives: Higher percent body fat (BF) is associated with worse outcomes after treatment for breast cancer (BC). While ultrasound (US) imaging is a reliable method for analyzing body composition, it requires trained individuals for utili...

Education is a common strategy used to prevent occupational injuries. However, its effectiveness is often measured using surrogate measures instead of true injury outcomes. To evaluate the effectiveness of workplace educational interventions, we sele...

Explicit and implicit anti-fat biases are widespread among healthcare providers, leading to significant negative consequences for pregnant people, including poorer health outcomes. Fear of childbirth (FOC) can affect the length of labor, increase the...

Background/Objectives: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) is often followed by significant muscle atrophy and subsequent loss of strength. Blood flow restriction training (BFRT) has recently emerged as a potential mode of rehabili...

Current guidelines for treating cardiac arrest recommend administering 1 mg of epinephrine every 3–5 min. However, this interval is based solely on expert opinion. We aimed to investigate the impact of the epinephrine administration interval (E...

Background: Early detection of patients at high risk for recurrence or local tumor progression (LTP) following thermal ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is essential for treatment selection and individualized follow-up. This systematic revie...

Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is a variant of anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) associated with textured-surface silicone breast implants. Since first being described in 1997, over 1100 cases have been curren...

Background: Opiates, cannabis, and amphetamines are highly abused, and use of these substances are prevalent disorders. Psychological interventions are crucial given that they help individuals maintain abstinence following a lapse or relapse into sub...

Background: Topical applications have long been regarded as precise methods for delivering drugs to soft tissues, such as the periodontal ligament, as well as hard structures, including the alveolar bone and cementum. Recently, the combination of hya...

Introduction: Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma (LGMS) is a rare tumor entity which occurs in the subcutaneous and deep soft tissues; it is less common in the bone with a predilection for the extremities and the head and neck region. As confirming th...

Background: Tracking population trends in childhood obesity and identifying target areas for prevention requires accurate prevalence data. This study quantified the magnitude of non-participation bias for mean Body Mass Index-z scores and overweight/...

Vaccination as an important tool in the fight against infections has been suggested as a possible trigger of autoimmunity over the last decades. To confirm or refute this assumption, a Meta-analysis of Autoimmune Disorders Association With Immunizati...

The level of nurse–doctor interprofessional collaboration may influence patient outcomes, including mortality. To date, no systematic reviews have investigated the association between the quantity of nurse–doctor interprofessional collabo...

Background/Objective: Larval therapy (LT), an intervention using live fly larvae to remove necrotic tissue and promote healing, has regained attention in order to address the growing need for chronic wound management. LT was approved by the Food and...

Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are multi-factorial and polysymptomatic pathologies and their management must be customized for every patient. Numerous therapy techniques are available to treat temporomandibular disorders-related muscular discomfo...

Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are a heterogeneous group of musculoskeletal and neuromuscular conditions involving the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), masticatory muscles, and associated structures. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) have emerg...

Background and Objectives: Symptomatic irreversible pulpitis in permanent mature teeth is a common indication for nonsurgical root canal treatment (NSRCT), but contemporary studies have reported on vital pulp therapy (VPT) applied in such teeth as a...

A publication bias has been argued to affect the fate of results in bilingualism research. It was repeatedly suggested that studies presenting evidence for bilingual advantages are more likely to be published compared to studies that do not report re...

Introduction: Surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is recommended by national and international guidelines. However, there are no trial data on whether surveillance improves clinical outcomes in a UK cirrhosis population of mixed aetiology...

Aim: The aim of this study was to systematically assess the risk of bias in osteosarcoma and Ewing’s sarcoma (ES) randomized controlled trials (RCT) and to examine the relationships between bias and conflict of interest/industry sponsorship. Methods:...

This review aims to examine the relationship of sodium and potassium intake and cardiovascular disease (CVD) among older people. Methods: We performed a literature search using PubMed and Web of Science (January 2015 to July 2020) without language re...

Background: The evidence stemming from trials on restorative materials is shaped not only by trial findings, but also trial design and validity. We aimed to evaluate both aspects in randomized controlled dental restorative trials published from 2005–...

Background and objectives: Informed decision-making requires the ability to identify and integrate high-quality scientific evidence in daily practice. We aimed to assess whether randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on endometriosis therapy follow meth...

Methods: Currently available randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) reporting on the adjunctive clinical effects of biomaterials, grafting materials, and grafting techniques on immediate implant placement (IIP) were systematically assessed. Dat...

The link between vitamin D and multiple sclerosis (MS) has been suggested in epidemiological, genetic, immunological, and clinical studies. The aim of the present systematic review of the literature was to assess the effects of vitamin D supplementat...

The identification of novel prognostic biomarkers might enhance individualized management strategies in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Although several patient characteristics are currently used to predict outcomes, the prognostic...

Up to 9.5% of the world’s population is diagnosed with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), making it one of the most common childhood disorders. Air pollutants could be considered an environmental risk condition for ADHD, but few s...

(1) Background: Computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) is the standard imaging test for the evaluation of acute pulmonary embolism (PE), but it is associated with patients’ exposure to radiation. Studies have suggested that radiation...

Background/Objectives: Tacrolimus, an immunosuppressant, is increasingly used topically in ophthalmology, particularly for conditions like vernal keratoconjunctivitis and post-keratoplasty rejection prophylaxis. This systematic review aims to evaluat...

Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders. Recently, research has focused on the role of intestinal microbiome dysbiosis in OA. The aim of this study was to systematically review randomized intervention clinical studies...

Objective: To compare the effect of different bone augmentation procedures, namely, autogenous bone blocks (ABBs) versus guided bone regeneration (GBR), on patient-reported outcomes (PROMs). Methods: This systematic review was conducted according to...

Background: The objective of this systematic review was to characterize the efficacy and safety of evening primrose (EP) for facilitation of parturition in peripartum persons. Methods: This search sought records related to the efficacy and safety of...

There is extensive coverage in the existing literature on implant-associated lymphomas like anaplastic large-cell lymphoma, but breast implant-associated squamous cell carcinoma (BIA-SCC) has received limited scholarly attention since its first case...

Vitamin D is a nutrient potentially beneficial in the treatment of depression. The study aimed to carry out a systematic review of the studies assessing the influence of vitamin D supplementation on depression within Randomized Controlled Trials (RCT...

The induction of a blood clot allowing apical revascularization with a subsequent apical closure was reported several decades ago. Recent research has been focused on examining different scaffolds for regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs). The ai...

Background/Objectives: While artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming education, its specific effectiveness for students with learning disabilities (LD) requires rigorous evaluation. This systematic review aims to assess the efficacy of A...

Background: Ageing comes with alterations in many body functions, including the deterioration of the immune system, referred to as immunosenescence. Consequently, older individuals are more vulnerable to infectious diseases. Vaccines are used to stim...

We assessed the prevalence of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) and fetal growth outcomes in neonates exposed to methadone compared to buprenorphine in utero. Three authors assessed the titles and abstracts of all potentially eligible studies. The s...

Adjusting dosing regimens based on measurements of carbapenem levels may improve carbapenem exposure in patients. This systematic review aims to describe the effect carbapenem therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) has on health outcomes, including the em...