The cell nucleus is three-dimensionally and dynamically organized by nuclear components with high molecular density, such as chromatin and nuclear bodies. The structure and functions of these components are represented by the diffusion and interactio...
The cell nucleus is a three-dimensional, dynamic organelle organized into subnuclear compartments such as chromatin and nucleoli. The structure and function of these compartments are maintained by diffusion and interactions between related factors as...
Wild-type p53 cancer therapy-induced senescent cells frequently engulf and degrade neighboring ones inside a massive vacuole in their cytoplasm. After clearance of the internalized cell, the vacuole persists, seemingly empty, for several hours. Despi...
We present optical tomography methods for a 3D refractive index reconstruction of weakly scattering objects using LED light sources. We are able to record holograms by minimizing the optical path difference between the signal and reference beams whil...
A spatially periodic voltage was used to create a dielectrophoresis induced periodic micro wrinkle deformation on the surface of a liquid film. Optical Coherence Tomography provided the equilibrium wrinkle profile at submicron accuracy. The dynamic w...
Black phosphorus nanosheets (2D BP) are emerging as very promising, highly selective chemotherapeutic agents due to their fast degradation in the intracellular matrix of cancer cells. Here, optical diffraction tomography (ODT) and Raman spectroscopy...
The CIPHR group, Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, Estonia, and Optical Sciences Center, Swinburne University of Technology, Australia, jointly organized the interdisciplinary online conference “Holography Meets Advanced Manufacturing&...
One of the main elements in hardware-based adaptive optics systems is a deformable mirror. There is quite a large number of such mirrors based on different principles and exhibiting varying performance. They constitute a significant portion of the co...
Particle aggregation is essential in many industrial processes, spanning the pharmaceutical and food industries, polymer production, and the environment, among others. However, aggregation can also occur, in some processes, as a non-desired side effe...
Optical microscopy techniques are among the most used methods in biomedical sample characterization. In their more advanced realization, optical microscopes demonstrate resolution down to the nanometric scale. These methods rely on the use of fluores...
The measuring of nanoparticle toxicity faces an important limitation since it is based on metrics exposure, the concentration at which cells are exposed instead the true concentration inside the cells. In vitro studies of nanomaterials would benefit...
Diffraction is a phenomenon related to the wave nature of light and arises when a propagating wave comes across an obstacle. Consequently, the wave can be transformed in amplitude or phase and diffraction occurs. Those parts of the wavefront avoiding...
Research into the spatial reshaping of monochromatic laser beams grew significantly in the late 1990s due to improvements in the fabrication of diffractive optical elements. Nowadays, some applications, such as optical coherence tomography, necessita...
The color characteristics, vibration spectra, phase and mineral composition, internal structural organization of several fragments of the ancient Roman mosaics from the Roman Mosaic Museum, Constanta, Romania were studied by non-destructive (Chromati...
A deep diffractive neural network (D2NN) is a fast optical computing structure that has been widely used in image classification, logical operations, and other fields. Computed tomography (CT) imaging is a reliable method for detecting and analyzing...
In the fabrication of optical polymer-based components, such as diffractive gratings and waveguides, high throughput and high precision are required. The non-destructive evaluation of these complex polymer-based structures is a significant challenge....
Since the diffraction behavior of a light field is fully determined by its spatial wavefunction, i.e., its spatial complex amplitude (SCA), full characterization of spatial wavefunction plays a vital role in modern optics from both the fundamental an...
In this work, we will report applications of the total external X-ray fluorescence (TXRF) station, a prototype assembled at the XLab Frascati laboratory (XlabF) at the INFN National Laboratories of Frascati (INFN LNF). XlabF has been established as a...
This study focuses on understanding the influence of low Sb doping on ZnO’s electrical, optical, and thermoelectrical properties, while also studying its structural and morphological parameters. For this, several ZnO films with varying Sb targe...
A tomographic microscopy system can achieve instantaneous three-dimensional imaging, and this type of microscopy system has been widely used in the study of biological samples; however, existing chromatographic microscopes based on off-axis Fresnel z...
The solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) anode is often composed of nickel (Ni) and yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ). The yttria is added in small quantities (e.g., 8 mol %) to maintain the crystallographic structure throughout the operating temperatures (e....
Current status of Bragg-edge/dip neutron transmission analysis/imaging methods is presented. The method can visualize real-space distributions of bulk crystallographic information in a crystalline material over a large area (~10 cm) with high spatial...
In recent years, polyurethane nanocomposites have attracted more attention due to the massive demand for materials with increasingly exceptional mechanical, optical, electrical, and thermal properties. As nanofillers have a high surface area, the int...
The state-of-the-art ammonothermal method for the growth of nitrides is reviewed here, with an emphasis on binary and ternary nitrides beyond GaN. A wide range of relevant aspects are covered, from fundamental autoclave technology, to reactivity and...
Mesoporous silica has unique properties such as controllable mesoporous structure and size, good biocompatibility, high specific surface area, and large pore volume. For that reason, this material has been broadly functionalized for biomedical applic...
The tomography of a single quantum particle (i.e., a quantum wave packet) in an accelerated frame is studied. We write the Schrödinger equation in a moving reference frame in which acceleration is uniform in space and an arbitrary function of time. T...
We present a multidisciplinary approach for predicting how sperm cells with various morphologies swim in three-dimensions (3D), from milliseconds to much longer time scales at spatial resolutions of less than half a micron. We created the sperm 3D ge...
Ni-based single crystal superalloys contain microstructural regions that are separated by low-angle grain boundaries. This gives rise to the phenomenon of mosaicity. In the literature, this type of defect has been associated with the deformation of d...
Maraging steels are used to produce tools by Additive Manufacturing (AM) methods such as Laser Metal Deposition (LMD) and Selective Laser Melting (SLM). Although it is well established that dense parts can be produced by AM, the influence of the AM p...
Ultrahigh lateral resolution (UHLR) optical coherence tomography (OCT) technology, also called optical coherence microscopy (OCM), has gained popularity, especially in the field of biomedical imaging. In these systems, high numerical aperture (NA) Mi...
Though microscopy is most often intended as a technique for providing qualitative assessment of cellular and subcellular properties, when coupled with other instruments such as wavelength selectors, lasers, photoelectric devices and computers, it can...
Ferritic stainless steels are prone to localized corrosion phenomena such as pitting corrosion or intergranular corrosion, in particular when jointed by fusion welding processes. State-of-the-art techniques to avoid intergranular corrosion mainly con...
The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of chronic lead exposure on the mineral properties of alveolar bone. For this purpose, female Wistar rats (n = 8) were exposed to 1000 ppm lead acetate in drinking water for 90 days, w...
Cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of nanostructured hydroxyapatite (nanoHAp) are dependent on its physical parameters. Therefore, an understanding of both surface chemistry and morphology of nanoHAp is needed in order to be able to anticipate its in v...
This study investigates the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behavior of type 316L stainless steel (SS316L) produced with sinter-based material extrusion additive manufacturing (AM). Sinter-based material extrusion AM produces SS316L with microstructu...
Recent events involving the rupture of tailings dams in Brazil have motivated the search for alternatives to incorporate the material into the production chain. At the same time, the consumption of raw materials by the civil construction sector is hi...
This study was undertaken to look for confirmation that heat transfer induced by abrasive water jet machining (AWJM) affects the microstructure of the material cut. The structure of S235JR carbon steel used in the experiments was reported to change l...
Although nude mice are an ideal photoaging research model, skin biopsies result in inflammation and are rarely performed at baseline. Meanwhile, studies on antiphotoaging antioxidants or rejuvenation techniques often neglect the spontaneous reversal...
Rapid cooling rates and steep temperature gradients are characteristic of additively manufactured parts and important factors for the residual stress formation. This study examined the influence of heat accumulation on the distribution of residual st...
Copper-deficient copper selenide (Cu2−xSe) nanocrystals possess strong near-infrared (NIR) absorption and efficient photothermal conversion, making them attractive candidates for photoacoustic imaging. In this study, Cu2−xSe nanocrystals...
Alpha-lipoic acid (α-LA) is a potent antioxidant that can prevent apoptosis associated with cisplatin-induced ototoxicity through ROS. Ferroptosis is defined as an iron-dependent cell death pathway that has recently been highlighted and is asso...
For the most popular method of scan formation in Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) based on plane-parallel scanning of the illuminating beam, we present a compact but rigorous K-space description in which the spectral representation is used to descr...
Ballas is a rare polycrystalline diamond variety characterized by a radially oriented internal structure and spheroidal outer shape. The origin of natural ballases remains poorly constrained. We present the results of a comprehensive investigation of...
Heap leaching accounts for a fifth of global copper production, sourced primarily from porphyry ores, yet metal recoveries are often not optimal. Gangue, and its interaction with acid, plays an important role in such processes. Thus, a proper underst...
High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is increasingly used for noninvasive facial tightening, but inadvertent exposure of the periocular region may injure ocular structures. We present a 34-year-old woman who developed sudden visual deterioration...