Nucleolar Organization and Functions in Health and Disease

Dear Colleagues,

The nucleolus is a prominent, non-membrane-bound compartment found within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.  It forms around ribosomal DNA sites, where it coordinates the transcription, processing, and packaging of ribosomal RNA to produce ribosomal subunits. Recent efforts to characterize the biophysical properties of the nucleolus have transformed our understanding of the assembly and organization of this dynamic organelle. Indeed, soluble macromolecules condense from the nucleoplasm to form nucleoli through a process called liquid–liquid phase separation. Individual nucleolar components rapidly exchange with the nucleoplasm and separate within the nucleolus itself to form distinct subcompartments. In addition to its essential role in ribosome biogenesis, the nucleolus regulates many aspects of cell physiology, including the cell cycle, stress response, viral infection, senescence, and lifespan. Consequently, the nucleolus is implicated in several human diseases, such as Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome, Diamond–Blackfan anemia, and various forms of cancer. This Special Issue will highlight new insights into the physical and molecular mechanisms that control the dynamic architecture and diverse functions of the nucleolus, and how they break down in disease. 

Prof. Dr. Ursula Stochaj
Prof. Stephanie C. Weber
Guest Editors

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