This study addresses the question of how augmented reality (AR) technologies can be designed and integrated into maritime navigation systems to meet the needs of young navigators within contemporary socio-technical bridge environments. The article is...
As the technology of the maritime autonomous surface ship (MASS) systems has geared toward autonomy, the importance of human operations in the shore control center (SCC) has gained in significance. Accordingly, the effects of the training method, inc...
The rapid development of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) requires advanced data-driven approaches for navigation safety monitoring and human-factor-aware risk analysis. This research proposes a fractal–episodic framework for assessing...
Maritime navigation efficiency is commonly assessed using isolated route, speed, energy, or traffic indicators that do not fully represent voyage context. This study proposes a context-aware framework based on GPS–AIS data fusion, planned-route...
This paper provides a close investigation into the landscape of both cyber threats and actual incidents in the maritime sector, identifying the cyber trends and challenges as they relate to safe navigation and marine shipping. As an important subset...
The rapid development of artificial intelligence has greatly ensured maritime safety and made outstanding contributions to the protection of the marine environment. However, improving maritime safety still faces many challenges. In this paper, the de...
The purpose of this study is to experiment an assessment method using eye tracking technology in simulator based electronic navigation training of ship officers who play a critical role in maritime accidents. The maritime industry focuses on human fa...
Satellite navigation over recent decades has become the default and, in some cases, sole source of positioning for maritime vessels. The classic sextant has been all but forgotten by a significant number of ship navigators. However, recent risks to R...
This work presents a novel approach to detecting stress differences between experts and novices in Situation Awareness (SA) tasks during maritime navigation using one type of wearable sensor, Empatica E4 Wristband. We propose that for a given workloa...
This study presents a data-driven analysis of navigator stress and workload levels in simulated ship encounters within restricted waters, leveraging real-world automatic identification system (AIS) data from Makassar Port, Indonesia. Six close-quarte...
This research focuses on the adaptive navigation of maritime autonomous surface ships (MASSs) in an uncertain environment. To achieve intelligent obstacle avoidance of MASSs in a port, an autonomous navigation decision-making model based on hierarchi...
The development of autonomous ships has begun. Artificial intelligence (AI) is expected to be partially responsible for navigation; nevertheless, the importance of human intervention is higher than ever. Human intervention in the control of an autono...
The International Maritime Organization (IMO)’s Maritime Safety Committee (MSC), at its 101st session (5 to 14 June 2019), adopted Resolution MSC.467(101) on the guidance on the definition and harmonization of the format and structure of mariti...
The collision avoidance system is one of the core systems of MASS (Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships). The collision avoidance system was validated using scenario-based experiments. However, the scenarios for the validation were designed based on COL...
The accurate prediction of vessel trajectory is of crucial importance in order to improve navigational efficiency, optimize routes, enhance the effectiveness of search and rescue operations at sea, and ensure maritime safety. However, the spatial int...
Autonomous navigation in dynamic, multi-vessel maritime environments presents a formidable challenge, demanding strict adherence to the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGs). Conventional approaches often struggle with...
The objective of this work is the evaluation of the performances of EGNOS (European Geostationary Navigation Overlay System) augmentation system in maritime navigation by comparing them with those obtained by other positioning methods as Single Point...
Accurate detection of sea-surface objects is vital for the safe navigation of autonomous ships. With the continuous development of artificial intelligence, electro-optical (EO) sensors such as video cameras are used to supplement marine radar to impr...
Smart routing has emerged as a critical enabler of sustainable shipping, addressing the growing demand for energy-efficient, safe, and adaptive vessel navigation in both maritime and inland waterborne transport. This review examines the current lands...
23 December 2020
Background: This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the level of perceived stress and occupational burnout in groups of Polish maritime navigators and air traffic controllers. The study was part of research into occupational groups regarded as equ...
The escalating development of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) has imposed rigorous demands on the precision, continuity, and resilience of onboard integrated navigation systems. However, in complicated marine settings, data from the Global N...
The influence of wind on the maneuverability of sea-going vessels is a known factor limiting their maneuverability, especially in the case of very large vessels. Adverse weather conditions often limit the maneuverability of vessels or even make it im...
This paper explores the feasibility of employing small language models (SLMs) on edge devices powered by batteries in environments with limited/no internet connectivity. SLMs in fact offer significant advantages in such scenarios due to their lower r...
Maritime transportation is crucial for global trade but faces significant risks and operational challenges. Ensuring safety is essential for protecting lives, the environment, and economic stability. This review explores the role of artificial intell...
Ensuring navigational safety is one of the most critical challenges in autonomous maritime navigation research, requiring accurate real-time assessment of collision risks and prompt navigational decisions based on such assessments. Traditional rule-b...
Despite ongoing advances in maritime safety research, ship accidents persist, with significant consequences for human life, marine ecosystems, and port operations. Because many accidents occur in or near ports, assessing a vessel’s ability to e...
The development of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) has seen significant advancements in recent years, yet there remains a lack of comprehensive studies that holistically address the architecture of autonomous navigation systems and explain t...
Several cameras are mounted on navigation aid buoys and these cameras can be used for accident prevention systems by processing the images captured. The currently existing image processing algorithms were originally designed for accident prevention o...
Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are the primary source of position, navigation and timing (PNT) information in the maritime domain. Nevertheless, there is a pressing need for alternative absolute position information to serve as a backup w...
Augmented reality (AR) technology has emerged as a promising solution that can potentially reduce head-down time and increase situational awareness during navigation operations. It is also useful for remote operation centers where video feeds from re...
This paper presents a comparison of the reliability of various configurations of electronic navigation appliances, from a single system not duplicated (without back-up) to complex systems built of a master system and different numbers of reserve (bac...
Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs) are the primary source of information for Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) in the maritime sector; however, they are vulnerable to unintentional or deliberate interference, such as jamming, spoofin...
In this paper, the authors draw attention to the significant impact of the human factor during collision situations in maritime navigation. The problems in the communication process between navigators are so excessive that the authors propose automat...
The Ranging Mode (R-Mode), a maritime terrestrial navigation system under development, is a promising approach to increase the resilient provision of position, navigation and timing (PNT) information for bridge instruments, which rely on Global Navig...
With the rapid development of intelligent navigation technologies, accurate dynamic object detection in complex maritime environments remains a critical challenge due to occlusion, scale variation, and multi-target interference. To address these issu...
5 January 2023
Merchant marine officers work shifted hours with a sometimes very tiring work/rest rhythm that can lead to sleep restrictions and increased sleepiness during navigation. The aim of this study is to assess the risk of sleep deprivation-related sleepin...
Currently, maritime navigation safety risks—particularly those related to ship navigation—are primarily assessed through traditional rule-based methods and expert experience. However, such approaches often suffer from limited accuracy and...
The autonomous decision-making model for ship navigation requires extensive interaction and trial-and-error in real, complex environments to ensure optimal decision-making performance and efficiency across various scenarios. However, existing approac...
The article describes the use of deep neural networks to detect small floating objects located in a vessel’s path. The research aimed to evaluate the performance of deep neural networks by classifying sea surface images and assigning the level...
In response to the evolving landscape of maritime operations, new technologies are on the horizon as mixed reality (MR), which shall enhance navigation safety and efficiency during remote assistance as, e.g., in the remote pilotage use case. However,...
Maritime unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with inertial navigation systems (INS) are prone to error accumulation, which can lead to excessive positioning errors and hinder their ability to perform long distance missions. To address this issue...
Safety-critical maritime navigation depends on machine-readable data products. Their digital signatures establish provenance and integrity but do not guarantee that authenticated content can be parsed safely: even passive data containing no executabl...
Context: From the perspective of marine traffic engineering, a system of port waterways is composed of a set of waterways (port areas), such as approach channels, port entrance, inner fairways (port channels, rivers, lakes), turning basins and port b...
There are a number of empirical methods for determining the width of safe maneuvering areas for ships on waterways. These methods are relatively accurate for straight sections of waterways and less accurate for curves of the waterways. When designing...
Accurately describing and evaluating the effects of unsafe acts on maritime accidents is critical to establishing practical accident prevention and control options. This paper proposes a framework for the probabilistic analysis of maritime accidents...
The global maritime digitalization reflects on navigation and paperless vessels with Paper Navigational Charts (PNC) nowadays superseded by Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS). Considering the system implementation and its accepta...
The recent emergence of futuristic ships is the result of advances in information and communication technology, big data, and artificial intelligence. They are generally autonomous, which has the potential to significantly improve safety and drastica...
The Internet of Things (IoT) is significantly transforming the maritime industry, enabling the generation of vast amounts of data that can drive operational efficiency, safety, and sustainability. This review explores the role and potential of data a...
Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) underpin maritime Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT), supporting bridge functions such as the Automatic Identification System (AIS), the Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS), radar...
Ships connect the global economy through maritime transport. However, their susceptibility to increasing geopolitical conflicts has heightened concerns about the risks to crew safety and navigation security. This systematic literature review (SLR), u...
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