1,843 Results Found

Twin-screw granulation (TSG) is an emerging continuous wet granulation technique that has not been widely applied in the industry due to a poor mechanistic understanding of the process. This study focuses on improving this mechanistic understanding b...

A simple method is presented for the continuous generation of carbon nanotube forests stably anchored on stainless-steel surfaces using a reactive-roll-to-roll (RR2R) configuration. No addition of catalyst nanoparticles is required for the CNT-forest...

Grafting carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is one of the most commonly used methods for modifying carbon fiber surface, during which complex device is usually needed and the growth of CNTs is difficult to control. Herein, we provide an implementable and contin...

In the evolving landscape of pharmaceutical manufacturing, a comprehensive continuous production process is being crafted for the small-scale production of active pharmaceutical ingredients. This study focuses on continuous crystallization with separ...

Depending on the environmental conditions, cells adapt their metabolism and specific growth rate. Rearrangements occur on many different levels such as macromolecular composition, gene and protein expression, morphology and metabolic flux patterns. A...

The modeling of austenite grain growth of 25Cr2Ni4MoV steel for super-large nuclear-power rotors was investigated during the common heating process including the continuous heating and isothermal heating process. Based on the isothermal grain growth...

In this study, the state of catalysts is revealed during the growth of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) inside metallocene-filled SWCNTs. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy were used to study the kinetics o...

In the present work, we investigate the evolution of mosaicity during seeded Bridgman processing of technical Ni-based single crystal superalloys (SXs). For this purpose, we combine solidification experiments performed at different withdrawal rates b...

As the application of nanotechnology increases continuously, the need for controlled size nanoparticles also increases. Therefore, in this work, we discussed the growth mechanism of carbon nanoparticles generated in Ar+CH4 multi-hollow discharge plas...

Photoperiod is considered an environmental factor that influences reproduction and the growth processes of fish throughout the year. In the present study, we subjected dusky grouper Epinephelus marginatus to different photoperiods in order to evaluat...

This work was designed to investigate the dynamic changes process of non-volatile organic compounds (n-VOCs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in mulberries during different growth periods using UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS, HS-SPME-GC-MS, and HS-GC-IMS. A...

Simulation of the grain growth process, as a function of steel heat transfer conditions, is helpful for predicting grain structures of continuous cast steel products. Many authors have developed models based on numerical methods to simulate grain gro...

This work aimed to study the effect of Camellia sinensis extract (CSExt) as a particular growth promoter of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (LP) in batch and continuous production processes. Growth conditions were 1% (v/v) inoculum, pHC = 6.5, 1% of di...

The roots of cored single-crystalline turbine blades made of a nickel-based CMSX-4 superalloy were studied. The casts were solidified by the vertical Bridgman method in an industrial ALD furnace using the spiral selector and selector continuer situat...

Understanding the fundamental mechanisms and limiting processes of the growth of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) would serve as a guide to achieve further control on structural parameters of SWCNT. In this paper, we have studied the growth kine...

As a result of human population growth, the availability of residual lignocellulosic materials from agriculture, forestry, food- and wood-processing industries, and other waste streams is continuously increasing [...]

Low-temperature growth of diamond films using the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method is not so widely reported and its initial periods of nucleation and growth phenomenon are of particular interest to the researchers. Four sets of substrates were...

Particle formation in fluidized beds is widely applied in an industrial context for the solidification of liquids and size enlargement of granular materials. The two main size-enlargement mechanisms are layering growth and agglomeration. For continuo...

Recent advances in nucleation and crystal growth have revolutionized our understanding and control of crystallization processes. This paper highlights key developments in this field and the processes and technologies involved in its continuous growth...

Syngas fermentation with clostridial co-cultures is promising for the conversion of CO to alcohols. A CO sensitivity study with Clostridium kluyveri monocultures in batch operated stirred-tank bioreactors revealed total growth inhibition of C. kluyve...

Aerosol-assisted catalytic chemical vapor deposition (AACCVD) is a powerful one-step process to produce vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNTs), characterized by the continuous supply of the catalyst precursor (metallocene). The behavior of cata...

We demonstrate the growth of 3C-SiC with reduced planar defects on a micro-scale compliant substrate. Heteroepitaxial growth of 3C-SiC on trenches with a width and separation of 2 µm, etched into a Si(001) substrate, is found to suppress defect...

Through employing WO3 as a precursor, we successfully deposited a complete and continuous WC coating onto the surface of diamond particles by means of the salt bath method. Initially, a tungsten (W) layer forms on the diamond surface, which gradually...

Integrated continuous manufacturing processes of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) provide key benefits concerning product quality control, scale-up capability, and a reduced time-to-market. Thereby, the crystallization step, which is used in a...

Studies on microalgal lipid production as a sustainable feedstock for biofuels and chemicals are scarce, particularly those on applying open thin-layer cascade (TLC) photobioreactors under dynamic diurnal conditions. Continuous lipid production with...

The share of European shipbuilding in the world market, with the constant exception of the cruise ship niche, has been in continuous decline for decades, while at the same time, state-supported Asian competitors are recording accelerated growth. With...

We have established a two-stage continuous fermentation process for production of ethanol from synthesis gas (syngas) with Clostridium ljungdahlii. The system consists of a 1-L continuously stirred tank reactor as a growth stage and a 4-L bubble co...

While the flat bones of the face, most of the cranial bones, and the clavicles are formed directly from sheets of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells, most bones in the human body are first formed as cartilage templates. Cartilage is subsequently repl...

Twin screw granulation (TSG) is a continuous wet granulation technique that is used widely across different solid manufacturing industries. The TSG has been recognized to have numerous advantages due to its modular design and continuous manufacturing...

The effect of graphene coating on the growth of grains on bulk copper film was studied. When methane gas is catalytically decomposed on the surface of copper, and a carbon–copper solid solution is formed at high temperature, precipitated carbon...

The growth of the post-retirement population, which has occurred as a result of rapid growth in life expectancy coupled with the ageing of the baby boomer cohort, has led to significant concern. This concern, however, typically neglects the heterogen...

Optimization of the fatty acid profile in microalgae is one of the key strategies for obtaining valuable products and sustainable biofuels. Light intensity and light regimes exert an impact on the growth and metabolic process in microalgae. The objec...

Thermal simulation equipment (TSE) was recently developed to simulate the solidification process in the industrial continuous casting of slab. The grain growth, solid-liquid interface movement, and columnar-to-equiaxed transition (CET) in the continu...

Rodent neocortical neurons undergo prominent postnatal development and maturation. The process is associated with structural and functional maturation of the axon initial segment (AIS), the site of action potential initiation. In this regard, cell si...

Microalgae offer a promising solution for efficiently treating high-nitrogen wastewater and recovering valuable nutrients. To optimize microalgae growth and nutrient assimilation, case-dependent studies are essential to demonstrate the process’...

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are renewable alternatives to traditional oil-derived polymers. PHA can be produced by different microorganisms in continuous culture under specific media composition, which makes the production process both promising and...

China has become the largest CO2 emission country since 2014. The industrial sector is the largest contributor to CO2 emissions in China. This paper uncovers the spatiotemporal characteristics of the decoupling status of industrial CO2 emissions from...

Limiting an essential nutrient has a profound impact on microbial growth. The notion of growth under limited conditions was first described using simple Monod kinetics proposed in the 1940s. Different operational modes (chemostat, fed-batch processes...

Leaf water content (LWC) is one of the important indicators of crop health. It plays an important role in the physiological process of leaves, participates in almost all physiological processes of crops, and is of great significance to the survival a...

The present paper deals with the stochastic modeling of bio-colonization for the computation of stochastic hydrodynamic loading on jacket-type offshore structures. It relies on a multidisciplinary study gathering biological and physical research fiel...

The Republic of Korea’s R&D investment has been rapidly increasing over the long term. This R&D investment is accumulated as knowledge stock, which means the amount of knowledge held by individual countries. However, is the rapid increa...

In this study, we explore backward stochastic differential equations driven by a Poisson process and an independent Brownian motion, denoted for short as BSDEJs. The generator exhibits logarithmic growth in both the state variable and the Brownian co...

Pigments of natural origin have become a research trend, and fungi provide a readily available alternative source. Moreover, developing novel processes that increase yields, reduce process time and simplify downstream processing is of increased inter...

HSLA steel is widely used in various applications for its excellent mechanical properties. The evolution of austenite transformation and growth has been systematically studied in HSLA steel Q960 during the heating process. A thermal expansion instrum...

Better understanding of the fitness and flexibility of microbial platform organisms is central to biotechnological process development. Live-cell experiments uncover the phenotypic heterogeneity of living cells, emerging even within isogenic cell pop...

The receptor-binding domain of botulinum neurotoxin (HC fragment), is a promising botulism vaccine candidate. In the current study, fermentation strategies were evaluated to upscale HC fragment expression. A simple translation of the growth condition...

Terahertz waves lie within the rotation and oscillation energy levels of biomolecules, and can directly couple with biomolecules to excite nonlinear resonance effects, thus causing conformational or configuration changes in biomolecules. Based on thi...

The temperature of the water surface layer in the Arctic may increase significantly in the coming decades. To what extent will shallow-water fauna be affected by warming? We investigated this issue using an example of one species of colonial hydroid,...

This paper presents a probabilistic method to predict fatigue crack growth for surface flaws in pipelines using a particle filtering method based on Bayes theorem. The random response of the fatigue behavior is updated continuously as measured data a...

Together with other so-called “bio-plastics”, Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are expected to soon replace established polymers on the plastic market. As a prerequisite, optimized process design is needed to make PHAs attractive in terms of costs and qu...