282 Results Found

Sand colour can give important information about mineral composition and, consequently, sediment source areas and input systems. Beach appearance, which is mostly linked to sand colour, has a relevant economic function in tourist areas. In this paper...

Smithsonite exhibits an extensive range of colours in nature. The internal features, spectral characteristic, and trace elements of several coloured smithsonites (e.g., white, blue, blue-green, yellow, orange, and pink) from Lanping District, Yunnan...

Pearls, a well-known organic gemstone, are popular for their attractive lustre and rich colour. The pigmentation and colour of pearls have never been clearly explained. Understanding the pigments and colour origin of pearls can be a guide for artific...

Portuguese honeys (n = 15) from different botanical and geographical origins were analysed regarding their quality parameters (diastase activity, hydroxymethylfurfural content, moisture and pH), colour (L*, a*, b*) and antioxidant profile (total phen...

Honey is traditionally used for its medicinal properties attributed to its antibacterial and antioxidant effects. It is considered a natural alternative to conventional antibiotics. This effect has been attributed to their physico-chemical properties...

Karst fills from the onshore Penedès Basin and offshore València Trough display red, pink, orange and ochre colours. Their Mössbauer spectra indicate that Fe3+ contained in goethite is the dominant species in reddish-pink fills, whereas Fe2+ containe...

The former Artistic and Industrial Recreation Pavilion, which was designed by Antonio Palacios (1874–1945) and built for the Galician Regional Exhibition held in 1909 in Santiago de Compostela (Galicia, north-western Spain), and which currently...

Attempts have often been made to isolate and characterise monofloral pollens to correlate nutritional with botanical properties. Nevertheless, pollen harvested in a particular area that can have a high biodiversity could have healthier properties. In...

Phylogenetic trees of coronaviruses are difficult to interpret because they undergo frequent genomic recombination. Here, we propose a new method, coloured genomic bootstrap (CGB) barcodes, to highlight the polyphyletic origins of human sarbecoviruse...

Colour is important in art, particularly in pictures. The eyes receive images with a particular condition after traversing the cornea, other surfaces and interior liquid of orbit. It is possible for changes in colour to be perceived when pictures are...

Contemporary muralism is one of the most widespread manifestations of urban art in cities nowadays. Loss of colour (fading) due to degradation of the pictorial materials is one of the main manifestations of deterioration in this type of artwork. Howe...

No gingival shade guide exists that can be used as a ‘gold standard’ in gingival shade selection. This research, therefore, aimed to determine whether comparable results in subjective gingival shade selection can be achieved using basic g...

Discrepancies in the published research as to the attraction of the economically important pest western flower thrips (WFT) to different colours confounds the optimisation of field traps for pest management purposes. We considered whether the differe...

Paprika, obtained from dried red pepper (C. annuum), is valued for its characteristic colour and flavour. Its carotenoid content, which is important for both sensory and nutritional quality, varies depending on several factors (agronomic conditions a...

On both sides of the Veil of Manoppello, made with very thin linen, translucent linen threads, probably starched, a Holy Face of Jesus Christ is visible. During the centuries, the yellowing of the linen threads has changed the aspect of the original...

Reading is one of the essential processes during the maturation of an individual. It is estimated that 5–10% of school-age children are affected by dyslexia, the reading disorder characterised by difficulties in the accuracy or fluency of word recogn...

Olive oil is recognised for its beneficial effects on human health, mainly due to it containing oleic acid (a monounsaturated fatty acid), whereas fats of animal origin or margarine, which are often used in recipes for biscuit production, contain mai...

An eye-of-origin singleton, e.g., a bar shown to the left eye among many other bars shown to the right eye, can capture attention and gaze exogenously or reflexively, even when it appears identical to other visual input items in the scene and when th...

The colourful simplicial depth problem in dimension d is to find a configuration of (d+1) sets of (d+1) points such that the origin is contained in the convex hull of each set, or colour, but contained in a minimal number of colourful simplices gener...

Colour is one of the most relevant organoleptic attributes that directly affects consumers’ acceptance and food selection. However, as food colouring pigments are generally unstable and become modified during processing, in order to maintain or...

This study characterises the original construction materials (building stones and mortars) of a collapsed two-storey colonnaded structure in the Ismail Mandani house, located in the old city centre of Doha (Qatar). Results were drawn based on interpr...

Interesting aesthetic properties of tropical woods, like surface texture and colour, are rarely impaired due to weathering, rotting and other degradation processes. This study analyses the colour of 21 tropical woods before and after six weeks of int...

This study investigates the relationship between architectural colour and cultural identity in the ancient villages of Hebei Province, emphasising the role of colour in cultural heritage preservation and sustainable development. The research aims to...

The chemical composition of bee pollens differs greatly and depends primarily on the botanical origin of the product. Therefore, it is a crucially important task to discriminate pollens of different plant species. In our work, we aim to determine the...

This study investigates the impact of mild steaming (105 °C and 120 °C for 12 h) on the colour characteristics and chemical stability of beech wood (Fagus sylvatica L.) during natural indoor ageing. Untreated and steamed samples of mature woo...

In the Neolithic Gavà mines, variscite and turquoise were exploited for ornaments manufacturing, although some prospective pits and tunnels were dug on other similar greenish minerals such as smectite or kandite. A 3D study of the distribution...

The antioxidant activity of honey depends on the botanical origin, which also determines their physicochemical properties. In this study, a multivariate analysis was used to confirm potential relationships between the antioxidant properties and colou...

Phytoplankton phenology studies require a dataset that is continuous in time and space since missing data have been shown to affect the accuracy of seasonality metrics. The interpolated GlobColour product provided by the Copernicus Marine Environment...

In the present case study, the manufacturing technology for glazed pottery was investigated, with particular focus on the great variety of colours and glaze recipes used in Western Anatolia and East Asia and observed in finds from rescue excavation s...

Tofu, one of the most important products made from soymilk, is obtained through a coagulation process performed with various coagulants (acids, salts and, enzymes). In this study, innovative tofu samples were produced using the grape pomace (GP) powd...

This study aimed to determine the influence of increased temperature on the mass loss, chemical composition, and colour of pine wood because of the lack of such information. The colour was measured on samples of wood, extracted sawdust, holocellulose...

Seed morphology underpins many critical biological and ecological processes, such as seed dormancy and germination, dispersal, and persistence. It is also a valuable taxonomic trait that can provide information about plant evolution and adaptations t...

This work aimed to investigate the origin of different red hues of Roman copper-based red opaque glass sectilia, to shed light on the production technology behind them. This objective was achieved by the depth study of the samples of glass sectilia,...

Spectroscopic techniques were carried out to identify the dyes used on the famous mediaeval Lady and the Unicorn tapestries kept in the Cluny Museum. Among the six tapestries, La Vue shows a colour variation between the front, which appears blue, and...

The present study was conducted to evaluate the quality and bio-functional properties of Portuguese honeys of different botanical and geographical origins. Quality parameter analyses included the determination of palynological (predominant, secondary...

Films made from cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) may have iridescent structural colours (pure or in combination with other materials). Numerous fields might benefit from understanding how CNC self-assembly constructs these periodic structures. Herein, w...

In this manuscript, we explore stunning fractals as Julia and Mandelbrot sets of complexvalued cosine functions by establishing the escape radii via a four-step iteration scheme extended with s-convexity. We furnish some illustrations to determine th...

Photochromism refers to a reversible colour change induced by the irradiation of photochromic materials with ultraviolet (UV) or visible light that reverts to the original colour after the light source is removed. This effect arises from chemical tra...

Accurate estimates of Chlorophyll-a (Chl) concentration from satellite observations are critical for understanding large-scale phytoplankton variations, particularly in the context of climate change. However, existing operational Chl retrieval algori...

Shellac (SL) is a natural resin employed for wood finishing, while clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) and thyme (Satureja hortensis) essential oils (C-EO, T-EO) are organic natural products of vegetal origin with antifungal, antimicrobial and antioxidant...

This study evaluated the influence of infrared laser radiation produced by a CO2 laser, performing under different engraving parameters, on the colour changes and chemical composition of a beech wood surface. The results showed that the lightness cle...

Azurite, a natural mineral pigment consisting of basic copper carbonate (2CuCO3·Cu(OH)2), is one of the Middle Ages’ most common blue pigments. Why paintings originally coated with azurite appear blackened today remains debated. Using a...

Bananas are some of the most popular fruits around the world. However, there is limited research that explores hyperspectral imaging of bananas and its relationship with the chemical composition and growing conditions. In the study, the relations tha...

Palmero cheese is an artisanal dairy product from the Canary Islands (Spain), awarded with the Protected Denomination of Origin (PDO) from the European Union. It is made with raw milk from the Palmera dairy goat on La Palma island. The aim of this re...

This work appraises the influence of CO2 laser irradiation on mass loss, morphology, chemical changes and discolouration of spruce wood surfaces. The amount of energy applied to the surface was expressed as the total irradiation dose, which was demon...

This study was aimed at researching the impact of the drying procedure (using the most appropriate honey–maltodextrin concentration for each drying technique) and botanical origin of honey on the physicochemical and potentially bioactive proper...

Coverless image steganography is an approach for creating images with intrinsic colour and texture information that contain hidden secret information. Recently, generative adversarial networks’ (GANs) deep learning transformers have been used t...

Two different, commercial colourimetric CO2 indicators are made in the lab, namely one based on an indicator in solution for monitoring the level of dissolved CO2 in an aquarium, i.e., a drop check indicator, and another based on an ink, for monitori...

Among the agents of deterioration considered particularly damaging to cultural heritage objects are light, ultraviolet (UV) and infrared. The high-energy UV is the most damaging of the three, as it can cause irreversible visual, chemical and structur...

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) is increasingly recognized as a functional crop due to its rich content of health-promoting phytochemicals. This study compared the phenolic compound profiles of four sweet potato varieties differing in flesh...