Deep-learning algorithms for cell segmentation typically require large data sets with high-quality annotations to be trained with. However, the annotation cost for obtaining such sets may prove to be prohibitively expensive. Our work aims to reduce t...
Critical annotations are important knowledge sources when researching one’s oeuvre. They describe literary, historical, cultural, linguistic and other kinds of information written in natural languages. Acquiring knowledge from these notes is a...
Gene duplication followed by mutation is a classic mechanism of neofunctionalization, producing gene families with functional diversity. In some cases, a single point mutation is sufficient to change the substrate specificity and/or the chemistry per...
In supervised learning, the generalization capabilities of trained models are based on the available annotations. Usually, multiple annotators are asked to annotate the dataset samples and, then, the common practice is to aggregate the different anno...
An experimental investigation into interaction between language and information graphics in multimodal documents served as the basis for this study. More specifically, our purpose was to investigate the role of linguistic annotations in graph-text do...
This paper describes the results of a collaborative effort that has reconciled the Open Annotation Collaboration (OAC) ontology and the Annotation Ontology (AO) to produce a merged data model [the Open Annotation (OA) data model] to describe Web-base...
As service-oriented architectures are a solution for large distributed systems, interoperability between these systems, which are often heterogeneous, can be a challenge due to the different syntax and semantics of the exchanged messages or even diff...
Obtaining high-quality labeled data for supervised learning is costly, motivating the use of crowdsourcing, which distributes the annotation process across multiple workers with varying levels of expertise. A key challenge in crowdsourced data is ann...
The social and environmental issues facing society call for changes in educational approaches. The massive use of video as a resource for dissemination on social networks calls for further analysis and reflection in education. A video analysis activi...
Augmented Reality (AR) annotations are a powerful way of communication when collaborators cannot be present at the same time in a given environment. However, this situation presents several challenges, for example: how to record the AR annotations fo...
Accurate segmentation of retinal lesions is critical for the diagnosis and management of ophthalmic diseases, but pixel-level annotation is labor-intensive and demanding in clinical scenarios. To address this, we introduce a promptable segmentation a...
Knowing the precise location of analytes in the tissue has the potential to provide information about the organs’ function and predict its behavior. It is especially powerful when used in diagnosis and prognosis prediction of pathologies, such as can...
The ever-increasing complexity in manufacturing environments has caused delay and uncertainty for on-site personnel when retrieving critical information. Currently, information associated with manufacturing environments is created and stored in centr...
Developments in deep learning techniques have led to significant advances in automated abnormality detection in radiological images and paved the way for their potential use in computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems. However, the development of CAD s...
This article is on the textuality of handwritten marginal inscriptions, and the often acute difficulty of interpreting them. No poet was more profoundly influenced by the agonistics of this interpretative work than Charles Olson (1910–1970). On...
Background: Public colposcopy image datasets are scarce, geographically narrow, and rarely accompanied by structured clinical annotations. We present INTELKAMAT, an anonymised cervical colposcopy image dataset of 934 RGB JPEG images at 1280 × 9...
Functional annotation of unknown function genes reveals unidentified functions that can enhance our understanding of complex genome communications. A common approach for inferring gene function involves the ortholog-based method. However, genetic dat...
Reliable aircraft-door perception is essential for automatic passenger-boarding-bridge (PBB) docking, where small sill-localization errors can affect alignment safety. We formulate aircraft-door perception as cross-scene joint detection and contour e...
Capsule endoscopy (CE) is a valid alternative to conventional gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy tools. In CE, annotation tools are crucial in developing large and annotated medical image databases for training deep neural networks (DNN). We provide an...
Background/Objectives: Metabolism-level interpretation of metabolomics datasets requires aggregation analyses across metabolites. One highly used aggregation analysis is pathway enrichment analysis (PEA), which involves detecting pathways enriched wi...
Triticum aestivum is an important crop whose reference genome (International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium (IWGSC) RefSeq v2.1) offers a valuable resource for understanding wheat genetic structure, improving agronomic traits, and developing new...
The behaviour of microbial communities depends on environmental factors and on the interactions of the community members. This is also the case for urinary tract infection (UTI) microbial communities. Here, we devise a computational approach that use...
This study presents a multi-agent framework for Arabic scam analysis, with roles for classification, behavioural interpretation and educational guidance. A total of 3000 messages were translated and enriched from English-language collections associat...
GS in beef cattle faces challenges in cross-population prediction. Blind expansion of reference populations can reduce accuracy because of genetic noise, and traditional models such as GBLUP ignore functional heterogeneity of SNPs. In this study, we...
With nearly 1700 species, Microsporidia represent a group of obligate intracellular eukaryotes with veterinary, economic and medical impacts. To help understand the biological functions of these microorganisms, complete genome sequencing is routinely...
Heritage building information modelling requires deciding which scanned points form which element. This single-case study encodes the typological reading of Alaca Çeşmesi, an Ottoman square fountain, as readable point-classification rules...
In 3D segmentation with lesion-only annotations, lesion supervision defines voxel-wise foreground membership, whereas medical knowledge characterizes the relations between lesion states and relevant anatomical structures. How to integrate these two f...
Growth monitoring of crops is a crucial aspect of precision agriculture, essential for optimal yield prediction and resource allocation. Traditional crop growth monitoring methods are labor-intensive and prone to errors. This study introduces an auto...
Canopy coverage is a key indicator for judging maize growth and production prediction during the seedling stage. Researchers usually use deep learning methods to estimate canopy coverage from maize images, but fully supervised models usually need pix...
In the era of digital devices and the Internet, thousands of videos are taken and share through the Internet. Similarly, CCTV cameras in the digital city produce a large amount of video data that carry essential information. To handle the increased v...
Reliable visual inspection of photovoltaic modules is limited by the scarcity of diverse defect images and pixel-level annotations. This study proposes a defect-specific RGB image synthesis framework combining local feature disentanglement and physic...
Accurate detection of prostate cancer suspicious areas in biparametric MRI (bpMRI) remains challenging because of severe lesion-to-background imbalance, limited lesion contrast, and inter-reader variability in lesion delineation. Unlike prior approac...
Information and communications technology and technology-enhanced learning have unquestionably transformed traditional teaching–learning processes and are positioned as key factors to promote quality education, one of the basic sustainable deve...
While the recognition of positive/negative sentiment in text is an established task with many standard data sets and well developed methodologies, the recognition of a more nuanced affect has received less attention: there are few publicly available...
Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) has made it easier to obtain genome-wide sequence data and it has shifted the research focus into genome annotation. The challenging tasks involved in annotation rely on the currently available tools and techniques to...
Genome annotation is critically important data that can support research. Draft genome annotations cover representative genes; however, they often do not include genes that are expressed only in limited tissues and stages, or genes with low expressio...
The aim of the research is to semi-automate the process of generating formal specifications from legal contracts in natural language text form. Towards this end, the paper presents a tool, named ContrattoA, that semi-automatically conducts semantic a...
In this work, we investigate the impact of annotation quality and domain expertise on the performance of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for semantic segmentation of wear on titanium nitride (TiN) and titanium carbonitride (TiCN) coated end mill...
Bacillus subtilis is an extensively characterized Gram-positive bacterium with broad applications in agriculture, biotechnology, and biocontrol. Strain SNUY1, known for its antifungal properties and use as an edible coating, has been completely seque...
Genome sequencing of a diverse array of arthropod genomes is already underway, and these genomes will be used to study human health, agriculture, biodiversity, and ecology. These new genomes are intended to serve as community resources and provide th...
Ground-truth datasets are essential for the training and evaluation of any automated algorithm. As such, gold-standard annotated corpora underlie most advances in natural language processing (NLP). However, only a few relatively small (geo-)annotated...
The ever-increasing quantities of digital photo resources are annotated with enriching vocabularies to form semantic annotations. Photo-sharing social networks have boosted the need for efficient and intuitive querying to respond to user requirements...
Improvements in DNA sequencing technologies portend a new era in virology and could possibly lead to a giant leap in our understanding of viral evolution and ecology. Yet, as viral genome sequences begin to fill the world’s biological databases, it i...
An innovative solution named Annotation as a Service (AaaS) has been specifically designed to integrate heterogeneous video annotation workflows into containers and take advantage of a cloud native highly scalable and reliable design based on Kuberne...
Semantic segmentation is a pivotal computer vision task, yet pixel-level annotation is labor-intensive and costly. For ribbon-like weld seams with ambiguous boundaries, polygon-based annotation suffers severe inter-annotator variability, an issue tha...
One of a map’s fundamental elements is its annotations, and extracting these annotations is an important step in enabling machine intelligence to understand scanned map data. Due to the complexity of the characters and lines, extracting annotat...
Medical imaging is critical for assessing the response of patients to new cancer therapies. Quantitative lesion assessment on images is time-consuming, and adopting new promising quantitative imaging biomarkers of response in clinical trials is chall...
An accurate image retrieval technique is required due to the rapidly increasing number of images. It is important to implement image annotation techniques that are fast, simple, and, most importantly, automatically annotate. Image annotation has rece...
Data annotation serves as a critical foundation for artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML). Recently, AI agents powered by large language models (LLMs) have emerged as effective solutions to longstanding challenges in data annotation,...
Next-generation sequencing has revolutionized entomological study, rendering it possible to analyze the genomes and transcriptomes of non-model insects. However, use of this technology is often limited to obtaining the nucleotide sequences of target...
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