Search Results (55,025)

As urban regeneration goals shift from physical improvement to pedestrian-level experience and emotional perception, existing assessment methods struggle to describe the emotional responses associated with renewed street environments. This paper proposes a framework for street-level emotional perception inference and analysis within the context of urban regeneration, enabling the automatic semantic recognition based on Street View Images (SVIs) and a Vision-Language Model (VLM). The paper constructs a six-dimensional emotion perceptual framework encompassing Comfort, Vitality, Safety, Oppressiveness, Nostalgia, and Alienation and uses a lightweight domain-adapted Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) model to infer emotional perceptions from SVIs. Building upon this, a dual-axis evaluation framework is introduced to structure and interpret basic spatial experience and regeneration-related perception. Using the Yuyuan Road and Wuding Road areas in Shanghai as a case study, the paper combines emotional perception results with street-level spatial analysis, proposing a scalable and interpretable analytical method for diagnosing urban regeneration outcomes and supporting emotion-informed spatial interventions. Full article

This study systematically analyzed research trends in aquaculture wastewater treatment from 2000 to 2024 using bibliometric methods. Through knowledge mapping and keyword co-occurrence analysis conducted with Citespace6.1 software on the Web of Science Core Collection and the CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) Core Journal Database, we aimed to elucidate the distribution characteristics, evolution of research hotspots, and differences in technological pathways within the existing research landscape, while identifying gaps in integrated knowledge synthesis and cross-regional comparative analysis. The results indicate: (1) China’s publication output in this field over the past five years has significantly surpassed international levels, reflecting an imbalance in regional research activity; (2) antibiotics, nitrogen and phosphorus, organic pollutants, and heavy metals constitute the primary pollutant categories, with increasing attention focused on antibiotic and heavy metal pollution in recent years; (3) domestic research demonstrates a preference for natural ecological treatment technologies, whereas international research is predominantly oriented toward biological treatment technologies. By integrating Chinese- and English-language literature data with visual analytics, this study addresses the existing gap in systematic knowledge mapping and comparative analysis of regional technological pathways, and highlights the ongoing paradigm shift from pollution elimination toward resource recovery. The findings provide an empirical basis for formulating differentiated regional governance policies and guiding investments in low-carbon and environmentally friendly technology research and development, thereby promoting the transition of the aquaculture industry toward green and sustainable development. Full article

Elastomer-based nanocomposites combining polymer flexibility with conductive nanofillers provide lightweight, stretchable systems with tunable electromechanical properties for wearable electronics, soft robotics, and self-powered sensors. However, predicting their nonlinear response remains challenging because the observed piezoelectric-like response arises from strain-dependent interfacial polarization and evolving piezoresistive conduction pathways within heterogeneous microstructures. We introduce a continuum electro-hyperelastic framework combining the Mooney–Rivlin model for large-strain elasticity with a Helmholtz free-energy approach for electrostatic coupling. Analytical expressions for stress, electric displacement, and apparent piezoelectric coefficients are derived and implemented in finite element simulations. The model accurately reproduces the experimental mechanical, dielectric, and electromechanical behaviour of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) nanocomposites with 0.1–1 wt% graphene. These show increased stiffness, relative permittivity (from 3.4 to 4.0, ≈18%), and quasi-static d₃₃ coefficients (from −5.6 to −10.0 pC N⁻¹, ≈80% enhancement). Analytical and finite element method (FEM) results show consistent trends across the full deformation range, with Maxwell stress agreement within 10% at lower deformation levels, while deviations of 33–40% for coupled electromechanical quantities at an axial displacement u_z~ = −1 mm (~16.7% compressive strain) are attributable to three-dimensional shear effects absent from the uniaxial analytical assumption. Simulations reveal that graphene boosts Maxwell stress, yielding a four-fold increase at lower stretch ratios. This reframes PDMS–graphene composites as electro-hyperelastic materials, offering a predictive, extensible framework. It highlights apparent piezoelectricity as an emergent, tunable effect from charge redistribution in a compliant hyperelastic matrix—guiding the design of next-generation flexible devices leveraging field-induced coupling over intrinsic polarization. Full article

Traditional mean–variance portfolio optimization proves inadequate for cryptocurrency markets, where extreme volatility, fat-tailed return distributions, and unstable correlation structures undermine the validity of variance as a comprehensive risk measure. To address these limitations, this paper proposes a unified entropy-based portfolio optimization framework grounded in the Maximum Entropy Principle (MaxEnt). Within this setting, Shannon entropy, Tsallis entropy, and Weighted Shannon Entropy (WSE) are formally derived as particular specifications of a common constrained optimization problem solved via the method of Lagrange multipliers, ensuring analytical coherence and mathematical transparency. Moreover, the proposed MaxEnt formulation provides an information-theoretic interpretation of portfolio diversification as an inference problem under uncertainty, where optimal allocations correspond to the least informative distributions consistent with prescribed moment constraints. In this perspective, entropy acts as a structural regularizer that governs the geometry of diversification rather than as a direct proxy for risk. This interpretation strengthens the conceptual link between entropy, uncertainty quantification, and decision-making in complex financial systems, offering a robust and distribution-free alternative to classical variance-based portfolio optimization. The proposed framework is empirically illustrated using a portfolio composed of major cryptocurrencies—Bitcoin (BTC), Ethereum (ETH), Solana (SOL), and Binance Coin (BNB)—based on weekly return data. The results reveal systematic differences in the diversification behavior induced by each entropy measure: Shannon entropy favors near-uniform allocations, Tsallis entropy imposes stronger penalties on concentration and enhances robustness to tail risk, while WSE enables the incorporation of asset-specific informational weights reflecting heterogeneous market characteristics. From a theoretical perspective, the paper contributes a coherent MaxEnt formulation that unifies several entropy measures within a single information-theoretic optimization framework, clarifying the role of entropy as a structural regularizer of diversification. From an applied standpoint, the results indicate that entropy-based criteria yield stable and interpretable allocations across turbulent market regimes, offering a flexible alternative to classical risk-based portfolio construction. The framework naturally extends to dynamic multi-period settings and alternative entropy formulations, providing a foundation for future research on robust portfolio optimization under uncertainty. Full article

White Analytical Chemistry (WAC) provides a holistic framework for evaluating analytical methods by balancing analytical performance, environmental sustainability, and practical efficiency. Existing WAC assessment tools offer structured evaluation but often lack flexibility or comprehensiveness. To bridge this gap, we introduce the Whiteness Evaluation for Chemical Analysis (WECA) tool as a dynamic, web-based application that enables customizable, context-aware assessment of analytical methods. WECA allows users to select 2–4 criteria per RGB domain (Red: analytical performance; Green: environmental impact; Blue: practical efficiency), assign user-defined weights, and visualize results through an intuitive color-coded interface. The tool calculates a composite WECA score (%) that reflects overall method “whiteness”. Three case studies, covering HPLC-DAD, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, and electrochemical sensing, demonstrate WECA’s applicability and its ability to highlight method strengths and weaknesses across diverse analytical scenarios. WECA represents a step toward more adaptable, transparent, and visually intuitive method evaluation in alignment with the evolving principles of WAC. Full article

The aim of this research is to formulate and analyze a modified $S{I}_{p}IVR$ mathematical model to study the transmission dynamics of poliovirus and assess the impact of vaccination on disease control. The proposed model extends classical SEIV-type frameworks by incorporating a recovered compartment with long-term immunity and by replacing the traditional exposed class with a pre-infectious compartment ($I_p$) that captures silent viral shedding during the incubation phase of poliovirus. This modification addresses the critical epidemiological feature that individuals can transmit the virus before showing symptoms while maintaining biological accuracy in compartment definition. Several fundamental analytical properties are rigorously established, including positivity, boundedness, and the existence of a biologically meaningful invariant region. The basic reproduction number $R_0$ is derived using the next-generation matrix approach, and comprehensive stability analysis is carried out. The analysis shows that the DFE is locally and globally asymptotically stable whenever $R_0<1$. Using center manifold theory, a forward bifurcation is rigorously demonstrated, indicating that disease persistence emerges smoothly as $R_0$ crosses unity. Local and global sensitivity analyses of the basic reproduction number $R_0$ identify critical epidemiological parameters, and points to vaccination coverage and transmission rates as key drivers of outbreak dynamics. Numerical simulations confirm the analytical results and illustrates two different epidemiological scenarios, one with $R_0<1$, and another with $R_0>1$ along with neural network analysis by using the same data from both cases in a built-in function package in MATLAB-2020 software. It utilizes all of its hidden layers to check the data used by the model for validation performance and training and to find the absolute and mean squared errors. It also shows how vaccination suppresses the spread of infection. These findings provide a strong mathematical basis for public health policy, offering strategic insight into how vaccination campaigns might be optimized to accelerate progress toward global polio eradication. Full article

Extended Reality (XR) technologies are rapidly reshaping human–computer interaction; however, persistent ambiguity in the use of core terms (VR, AR, MR) hampers cumulative knowledge building, cross-study comparability, and technical standardisation. This review evaluates the XR conceptual landscape across four primary dimensions: the historical evolution of core definitions, the synthesis of contemporary theoretical frameworks, the critical extensions of the Reality-Virtuality (RV) Continuum, and the alignment between academic taxonomies and industry practices. This review evaluates the XR conceptual landscape across four primary dimensions: the historical evolution of core definitions, the synthesis of contemporary theoretical frameworks, the critical extensions of the Reality-Virtuality (RV) Continuum, and the alignment between academic taxonomies and industry practices. To address this issue, we conducted a PRISMA-guided systematic literature review across four major databases (IEEE Xplore, ACM Digital Library, Scopus, and Web of Science), complemented by seminal and industry sources. Of the 173,677 retrieved records, 59 studies were included in the synthesis. Using thematic synthesis, we mapped the historical evolution of definitions and conceptual models and identified recurring analytical dimensions. The results indicate a clear paradigm shift from Milgram’s one-dimensional Reality–Virtuality continuum—originally grounded in visual display technology—towards a multidimensional conceptual space that integrates subjective user-experience constructs (e.g., coherence and plausibility) with objective system characteristics. The included studies cover 1968–2025, with marked acceleration in the 2020s: 2022 alone accounts for the highest annual count (9 studies), and nearly half of the corpus (47.5%) was published in 2021–2025. We further show that industry actors pragmatically re-bound these academic concepts for product and market positioning, leading to systematic divergences between academic and industrial definitions. By distilling key turning points and synthesising core analytical dimensions into a structured lens, this review provides a historically grounded, actionable understanding of the XR conceptual landscape to support terminological alignment across research and practice. Full article

The Innovative Lightweight Cold-Formed Steel–Concrete Composite Floor System (LWT-FLOOR) addresses key challenges faced by the construction industry related to the efficiency, adaptability, and life-cycle usability of structural elements. Within this context, the present study investigated the behaviour of demountable bolted shear connections in a composite system combining built-up cold-formed steel (CFS) girders and concrete slabs. An experimental programme comprising 18 push-out tests was conducted on two composite configurations: built-up back-to-back CFS sections and built-up sections incorporating a corrugated web. The influence of key parameters, including the bolt diameter, CFS thickness, steel grade, and connector spacing, was evaluated. The results show that increasing the bolt diameter enhanced the shear resistance and initial stiffness while reducing ductility, whereas reducing the CFS thickness led to a moderate decrease in resistance accompanied by a pronounced increase in ductility. The incorporation of a corrugated web increased the ultimate shear resistance by approximately 30–40%. The existing analytical models from current standards were found to be inadequate; however, the introduction of a spacing-dependent correction factor into the prEN 1994-1-1 model significantly improved the prediction accuracy, reducing the coefficient of variation from 16% to 4.36%. The findings provide a quantitative basis for improving the design of demountable shear connections in lightweight composite CFS-concrete systems. Full article

Ethanol is widely used as an additive in fuels, so its effect on the electrochemical oxidation of triethanolamine was investigated on a 25 μm platinum microelectrode. Ethyl acetate was applied as a cosolvent to increase the permittivity of the medium. A hydrocarbon n-heptane, typically present in gasohol samples as the main component, was studied, and its solutions prepared with ethanol in the entire concentration range (between 0 and 100 v/v% ethanol contents) were mixed with ethyl acetate. The as-prepared liquid mixtures were prepared separately, and they were mixed with ethyl acetate in uniform ratios. Triethanolamine, the selected redox-active compound, exhibited a sharp peak in ethyl acetate at the 15 mM concentration. The changes in the voltammograms served as a good template for quantitative analysis of ethanol content. The most suitable analytical signal used for it was the current minimum after the anodic peak, and this parameter proved more sensitive and reproducible than the anodic peak height itself. The scatterings of the current minimum values were typically within some nanoamperes. MTBE (methyl tert-butyl ether) was added to the apolar mixtures of ethanol, and this ether had a negligible interfering effect on the estimation of ethanol content. Full article

The modern development of the energy and metallurgy industries is accompanied by the increasing use of coal in the form of fuel and raw material. However, at the same time, urgent issues are arising concerning assessments of its radiological and environmental safety. Coal and ashes accumulate natural radionuclides (such as thorium, uranium, and potassium-40), and toxic and rare earth elements (REEs) that are capable of migrating into the environment during the processes of production, burning and ash disposal. Special attention has recently been paid to rare earth elements that are of economic value as critical metals for sophisticated technologies, but these can pose environmental risks. Their presence in coal is becoming an increasingly relevant issue for cross-disciplinary research, at the intersection of geochemistry, radioecology and the sustainable use of natural resources. Moreover, issues regarding the radiological safety of coal deposits and their derivative products are especially crucial for Kazakhstan, Russia, China and other countries with developed coal production industries. Studies demonstrate that ash and slag of thermal power plants can comprise increased concentrations of natural radionuclides that can accumulate in soil, water and the environment. Therefore, the study of rare earth, toxic and radioactive element contents in coal using nuclear analytical methods is of high practical and environmental significance, especially in terms of assessing radiation load on the environment, designing control measures and ash disposal, and the prospect of the selective extraction of REEs from the coals. Full article

The problem of controlling plasma is one of the most essentialchallenges in the creation of experimental facilities for thermonuclear fusion. In this study, a mathematical model of a two-component Vlasov–Poisson plasma is used to study the stability of spatial dynamic equilibria in this plasma. Applying the direct Lyapunov method, we obtain results that demonstrate that three-dimensional (3D) dynamic equilibrium states of the Vlasov–Poisson plasma are absolutely unstable with respect to small spatial perturbations. The sufficient conditions for linear practical instability are obtained for the 3D dynamic equilibria of a two-component Vlasov–Poisson plasma. An a priori exponential lower estimate is constructed, and initial data are found for small spatial perturbations that grow with time. Finally, analytical examples are presented for exact stationary solutions to the mathematical model of Vlasov–Poisson plasma and the growing small 3D perturbations superimposed on these solutions. Full article

This survey is an integrated and complete summary of the strategies and technological systems of surveying environmental hazard in marine, freshwater, and brackish environments. Contrary to the previous articles where the separate parts of the monitoring chain are investigated or certain environments/enabling technologies are considered, the given work has a cross-domain approach that unites sensing modalities, data acquisition schemes, communication schemes, operational platforms, data analytics, energy management schemes, and regulatory compliance into one consistent framework. The survey systematically examines the entire sensing-to-cloud pipeline, which includes sensor technologies, data acquisition systems, telecommunication infrastructures, and a variety of monitoring platforms such as buoy-based systems, Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USVs), Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs), and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). In addition, it touches on the administration and examination of mass environmental data, including cloud-based systems and AI-based methods of automated feature identification, anomaly recognition and predictive modeling. The key points of the autonomy of the system, including power supply solutions and energy-conscious management, are also mentioned, as well as the relevant regulations on the environmental monitoring nationally, at the European level, and globally. This paper presents a systematic six-step design process of aquatic environmental monitoring systems: (1) risk categorization, (2) physical data acquisition systems, (3) monitoring platforms, (4) data management & analytics, (5) energy autonomy strategies, and (6) regulatory compliance. The systematic framework offers researchers and practitioners practical guidelines to follow when designing end-to-end systems, thus completing the gaps in the historically disjointed research strands and going beyond the traditional domain- and technology-based studies. Full article

This study explores how digital media ecosystems shape collective visions of the future under conditions of rapid technological innovation and the growing influence of artificial intelligence (AI). Drawing on a large corpus of social media content comprising 50,036,592 tokens, the research examines institutional narratives and user-generated responses through a hybrid methodological framework. This framework combines information-wave detection, network analysis, semantic and associative modeling (TextAnalyst 2.32), and interpretation supported by a large language model (GPT-5). The methodological contribution of the study lies in the integration of network-based and semantic algorithms with AI-driven analytical tools for the examination of large-scale textual data. The findings indicate that media discourses about the future operate as key mechanisms through which societies interpret the environmental, social, and economic consequences of technological change. Institutional actors promote multiple future-oriented models that often conflict with one another at both discursive and practical levels. In contrast, user-generated content reflects widespread fear, skepticism, and distrust. Prominent themes include nostalgia for the past, anxiety about socio-economic and environmental consequences, and concerns related to expanding forms of digital control. The analysis also reveals divergent perspectives on urban development. Positive narratives emphasize ecological balance, a comfortable urban environment, thoughtfully designed mixed-use development, and solutions to transportation challenges. Negative narratives, by contrast, focus on over-densification, environmental degradation, and the erosion of privacy in technologically saturated urban spaces. Full article

When it comes to active or semi-active suspension, one of many design challenges is the ability to dynamically change the damping rate of a shock absorber. Two fundamental means of accomplishing variable damping are by changing the restriction imposed on the fluid or changing the viscosity of the fluid. One way to change the restriction imposed on the fluid is by using a valve controlled by a solenoid. As more current flows through the solenoid a plunger gets pulled into the center of the coil, which acts against a mechanical spring that pushes it to a default state. There are specific kinds of fluids, such as ferrofluids or magnetorheological fluids, that change their viscosity in the presence of magnetic fields. This paper aims to guide the reader through the design of an electromagnetic damper, how to derive theoretical performance criteria from a semi-active suspension system, and design optimization considerations. The design will test three different coil specifications, including size, wire size, location, applied voltage, and amperage. The experimental evaluation was conducted as a qualitative proof-of-concept to verify the presence of field-dependent viscosity and damping behavior under low-frequency manual excitation. Quantitative performance assessment was performed using analytical and numerical modeling to determine whether the proposed design satisfies semi-active suspension damping requirements. Full article

Background/Objectives: Dynamic changes in inorganic phosphate (Pi), phosphocreatine (PCr), and pH during post-exercise recovery reflect underlying muscle energetics and mitochondrial ATP synthesis, but the conventional single-pool model assuming uniform metabolic response fails to address myofiber composition and pH-dependent metabolic heterogeneity in skeletal muscle. This study aimed to characterize the interplay between pH, Pi, and PCr, and to develop an analytical method for assessing pH-resolved ATP synthesis using ³¹P MRS. Methods: Five healthy subjects underwent dynamic ³¹P MRS scans during plantar flexion exercise. ATP synthesis was evaluated from post-exercise PCr and Pi recovery time courses using the single-pool model, and from Pi recovery time courses using a multi-pool model in which the Pi signal lineshape was segmented into four pH-specific pools: alkaline (pH 7.3 ± 0.2), neutral (pH 7.0 ± 0.1), mildly acidic (pH 6.8 ± 0.1), and moderately acidic (pH 6.6 ± 0.1). Results: The single-pool model showed that during exercise, Pi increased proportionally to PCr depletion, and both Pi and PCr recovered monoexponentially immediately after exercise with 𝜏pH ≫ 𝜏PCr ). The four-pool model demonstrated a pro-nounced pH dependence of Pi recovery, with slower recovery at lower pH (𝜏Pi: 19 ± 6 s at pH 7.3, 25 ± 7 s at pH 7.0, 32 ± 11 s at pH 6.8, and 46 ± 17 s at pH 6.6). Pi recovery is slowed with aging under acidic conditions, with little or no effect observed at neutral or alkaline pH. These results provide new insights into skeletal muscle metabolic heterogeneity, re-flecting how different myofiber microenvironments modulate ATP synthesis. Conclusions: By overcoming the constraints of the single-pool model, the proposed multi-pool framework uncovers pH-dependent ATP synthesis and provides direct evidence of pro-nounced metabolic heterogeneity in skeletal muscle during exercise and recovery. Full article