1,541 Results Found

In this work, the utilization of calcium and strontium by the (Ca2+ + Mg2+)ATPase of the basolateral plasma membrane of renal proximal convoluted tubules were compared. [90Sr]Sr2+ and [45Ca]Ca2+ uptake by vesicles derived from this membrane were stri...

As an effective flux, CaF2 is beneficial in improving the fluidity of slag in the steel-making process, which is crucial for dephosphorization. To reveal the existence form and functional mechanism of CaF2 in phosphosilicate systems, the microstructu...

A carrier-free CRISPR/Cas9 ribonucleoprotein delivery strategy for genome editing mediated by a cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is described. The CAP is promising in many biomedical applications due to efficient production of bioactive ionized species....

The establishment and maintenance of ion gradients between the interior of lysosomes and the cytosol are crucial for numerous cellular and organismal functions. Numerous ion transport proteins ensure the required variation in luminal concentrations o...

The physical contact site between a mitochondrion and endoplasmic reticulum (ER), named the mitochondria-associated membrane (MAM), has emerged as a fundamental platform for regulating the functions of the two organelles and several cellular processe...

Background: Hypoxia plays a crucial role in regulating various cellular functions, including ion-transport mechanisms in the kidney. The sodium-chloride co-transporter (NCC) is essential for sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule (DCT)....

Explaining changes at the gene level that occur during neurodegeneration in the CA3 area is crucial from the point of view of memory impairment and the development of post-ischemic dementia. An ischemic model of Alzheimer’s disease was used to...

As one of the most precise timekeeping instruments ever developed, the optical clock will be used as the measuring equipment for the next generation of second definition. The demand for the miniaturization of optical clocks is progressively urgent. I...

In response to the rising global energy dilemma and associated environmental concerns, research into creating less hazardous solar technology has exploded. Due to their cost-effective fabrication process and exceptional optoelectronic properties, per...

The Ca Mau Peninsula (CMP), the southernmost region of the Mekong Delta, is increasingly threatened by groundwater salinization, posing severe risks to both the freshwater supply and land sustainability. This study develops a three-dimensional, densi...

Multidrug resistance (MDR) transporters belonging to either the ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) or Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) groups are major determinants of clinical drug resistance in fungi. The overproduction of these proteins enables the ext...

The absorption of glucose is electrogenic in the small intestinal epithelium. The major route for the transport of dietary glucose from intestinal lumen into enterocytes is the Na+/glucose cotransporter (SGLT1), although glucose transporter type 2 (G...

The plasma-membrane homeostasis Na+/Ca2+ exchangers (NCXs) mediate Ca2+ extrusion/entry to dynamically shape Ca2+ signaling/in biological systems ranging from bacteria to humans. The NCX gene orthologs, isoforms, and their splice variants are express...

Nano-junctions between the endoplasmic reticulum and cytoplasmic surfaces of the plasma membrane and other organelles shape the spatiotemporal features of biological Ca2+ signals. Herein, we propose that 2D Ca2+ exchange diffusion on the negatively c...

The interaction among the various Ca2+ transporters complicates the assessment of isolated systems in an intact cell. This article proposes the functionally isolated SR model (FISRM), a hybrid (experimental and mathematical) approach to study Ca2+ cy...

Calcium (Ca2+) is a macronutrient essential for the growth, development, yield, and quality of vegetables and fruits. It performs structural, enzymatic, and signaling functions in plants. This review examines Ca2+ translocation from soil to the fruit...

Calcium (Ca2+) uptake into the mitochondria shapes cellular Ca2+ signals and acts as a key effector for ATP generation. In addition, mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species (mROS), produced as a consequence of ATP synthesis at the electron trans...

Potassium-dependent sodium-calcium exchangers (NCKX) have emerged as key determinants of calcium (Ca2+) signaling and homeostasis, especially in environments where ion concentrations undergo large changes, such as excitatory cells and transport epith...

The work examines the kinetic parameters of Ca2+ uptake via the mitochondrial calcium uniporter complex (MCUC) and the opening of the Ca2+-dependent permeability transition pore (MPT pore) in the liver and heart mitochondria of rats with high resista...

The research on the optimization of a low-carbon multimodal transportation path under uncertainty can have an important theoretical and practical significance in the high-quality development situation. This paper investigates the low-carbon path opti...

This work investigates the dissolution of CaO into three different compositions of SiO2-CaO-Al2O3 slag similar to those found in industrial Si furnaces. It was found that CaO dissolution into the slag is fast. During the dissolution process, a layer...

Sugars are the major source of energy in living organisms and play important roles in osmotic regulation, cell signaling and energy storage. SWEETs (Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporters) are the most recent family of sugar transporters tha...

Mitochondria are specialized organelles, which serve as the “Power House” to generate energy for maintaining heart function. These organelles contain various enzymes for the oxidation of different substrates as well as the electron transp...

This study investigated the effects of enmein, an active constituent of Isodon japonicus Hara, on glutamate release in rat cerebrocortical nerve terminals (synaptosomes) and evaluated its neuroprotective potential in a rat model of kainic acid (KA)-i...

Atrial calcium transient (CaT) alternans is defined as beat-to-beat alternations in CaT amplitude and is causally linked to atrial fibrillation (AF). Mitochondria play a significant role in cardiac excitation–contraction coupling and Ca signali...

Ca2+ is an integral mediator of intracellular signaling, impacting almost every aspect of cellular life. The Ca2+-conducting transporters located on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane shoulder the responsibility of constructing the global Ca2+ s...

GLUT4 is an important glucose transporter, which is closely related to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of Estradiol Dipropionate (EDP) on uptake of glucose in L6 skeletal muscle cells. In our study...

Mucin 16 (MUC16) is a type I transmembrane protein, the extracellular portion of which is shed after proteolytic degradation and is denoted as CA125 antigen, a well known tumor marker for ovarian cancer. Regarding its polypeptide and glycan structure...

The present study aimed to assess the effect of alternative packaging materials on the quality retention and shelf-life of whole fish under low and abuse temperature conditions. Red sea bream (Pagrus major) was harvested and stored in different packa...

The misfit-layered Ca3Co4O9 oxide is being seen as a potential thermoelectric (TE) candidate for high-temperature power generation in air. Given the very small size and low strength exhibited by single crystals, grain-oriented Ca3Co4O9 ceramics are w...

Amino acid transporters alanine-serine-cysteine transporter 2 (ASCT2) and L-Type Amino Acid Transporter 1 (LAT1) are coordinately enhanced in human cancers where among other roles, they are thought to drive mechanistic target-of-rapamycin (mTOR) grow...

In order to determine the behavior of the right ventricle, we have reviewed the existing literature in the area of cardiac remodeling, signal transduction pathways, subcellular mechanisms, β-adrenoreceptor-adenylyl cyclase system and myocardial...

The Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) drug:H+ antiporter CaMdr1, from Candida albicans, is responsible for the efflux of structurally diverse antifungals. MFS members share a common fold of 12–14 transmembrane helices (TMHs) forming two N- an...

The high concentration of sugars in Icewine juice causes formidable stress for the fermenting Saccharomyces cerevisiae, causing cells to lose water and shrink in size. Yeast can combat this stress by increasing the internal concentration of glycerol...

Cytosolic calcium (Ca2+) transients control key neural processes, including neurogenesis, migration, the polarization and growth of neurons, and the establishment and maintenance of synaptic connections. They are thus involved in the development and...

Auxin transport mediates the asymmetric distribution of auxin that determines the fate of cell development. Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation is an important technical means to study gene function. Our previous study showed that the expre...

Resilience against extreme rainfall and its induced flooding is critical for a truck freight system during extreme events and post-event recovery. This study presents a two-step modeling framework that integrates a flood simulation model and a freigh...

This report describes the innovative application of high sensitivity Boron-doped nanocrystalline diamond microelectrodes for tracking small changes in Ca2+ concentration due to binding to Annexin-A5 inserted into the lipid bilayer of liposomes (prote...

One third of all human proteins are either transmembrane or soluble secretory proteins that first target the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). These proteins subsequently leave the ER and enter the Golgi apparatus via ER-Golgi intermediate vesicular struct...

Carbonation is a critical factor contributing to the degradation of reinforced concrete systems. Understanding the micro-mechanism of concrete carbonation is essential for mitigating corrosion losses. This study investigates the transport and reactio...

Peptide–calcium complexes exhibit promise as calcium supplements due to their enhanced bioavailability. Phosvitin nonapeptide DEEENDQVK (DK) possesses a high calcium-binding capability. This study investigated the calcium transport-promoting pr...

Although diabetes mellitus is known to be a disease associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, not everything is clear about mitochondrial Ca2+ transport and Ca2+-induced permeability transition in diabetic cells. The objective of this work was to st...

This work presents the results from a study of the structure and transport properties of Ca-doped La2NiO4+δ. La2−xCaxNiO4+δ (x = 0–0.4) materials that were synthesized via combustion of organic-nitrate precursors and characterized by X-ray diffractio...

The nutrients absorbed in the plant roots are transported to the shoots through the xylem. The effects of concentrations of N, P, K, Mg, and Ca in a culture solution on N transport forms have not been fully elucidated. In this study, rice plants were...

We have synthesized single crystals of iron-based superconducting Ca10(Pt4As8)((Fe0.86Pt0.14)2As2)5 and performed extensive measurements on their transport properties. A remarkable difference in the behavior and a large anisotropy between in-plane an...

We have developed a computer model of human cardiac ventricular myocyte (CVM), including t-tubular and cleft spaces with the aim of evaluating the impact of accumulation-depletion of ions in restricted extracellular spaces on transmembrane ion transp...

Calcium (Ca) plays a key role in cell wall stabilization and various physiological processes. Ca fertilizers are widely used in agriculture to meet crop demands and improve yield and quality. However, traditional Ca fertilizers often suffer from low...

Calcium (Ca2+) plays essential roles in plant growth and development. Ca2+ deficiency causes a physiological disorder of tip-burn in Brassiceae crops and is involved in the regulation of cellular Ca2+ homeostasis. Although the functions of Ca2+/H+ ex...

Background: Tariquidar (Tq) is an inhibitor of the multidrug resistance (MDR) proteins relevant to ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters), which suppresses the ATP-dependent efflux of a variety of hydrophilic and amphipathic compounds,...

Electroosmosis reduces the available energy from ion transport arising due to concentration gradients across ion-exchange membranes. This work builds on previous efforts to describe the electroosmosis, the permselectivity and the apparent transport n...